natural1 adjectivenatural2 noun
naturalnat‧u‧ral1 /ˈnætʃərəl/ ●●● S2 W1 adjective 
WORD ORIGINnatural1
Origin:
1200-1300 Old French, Latin naturalis, from natura; ➔ NATUREEXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES
- a natural athlete
- a natural smile
- A pipeline carries natural gas from under the sea to the refinery inland.
- all-natural snacks
- Anger is a natural reaction when you lose someone you love.
- Death is a natural event, which you have to accept.
- His natural hair color is brown.
- I can't even remember what my natural hair color is.
- I prefer natural fibres such as wool and cotton.
- I suppose it's natural for a mother to feel sad when her children leave home.
- I think we are dealing with a natural phenomenon here, not witchcraft.
- It's only natural that people who spend a lot of time around computers either love them or hate them.
- It's perfectly natural to grieve for the loss of a pet.
- It isn't natural for a child to be so quiet.
- It was fascinating to see the elephants in their natural environment.
- Laws are needed to preserve the state's natural beauty.
- Of course Jean misses her boyfriend - it's only natural.
- She was completely natural and unaffected by the attention.
- The manufacturers claim that only natural ingredients are used in their products.
- The river had worn away the rock to form a natural bridge.
- Being a water-based mousse, it's ultra light to apply and blends in perfectly with your natural skin tone.
- But now, Down Under, the game has found a fitting, natural home.
- Earlier we saw how spiral images may have derived from snails and other natural forms, from sea shells to galaxies.
- Man has dominion over the natural world.
- Offthe Wall was a masterpiece, and it was a natural crossover.
- The days when politicians such as Roosevelt or Truman could appeal to a natural working-class constituency are gone.
- The same must be true of the residence and domicile of natural persons owning fishing vessels.
- They contain a natural antiseptic which fights spot-causing bacteria and dries up the blemishes.
THESAURUS
existing in nature and not caused, made, or controlled by people: · a natural lake· natural light· the Earth's natural resources· We only use natural ingredients in our products.· his natural hair colour
used about flowers, plants, and animals that are not controlled by people. Also used about areas of land where there are no humans: · We found some wild strawberries.· wild horses· wild open spaces
used about food, drink, or materials that have not had anything added to them: · pure orange juice· pure new wool
used about fruit, vegetables, meat etc produced without using chemicals: · organic carrots· organic milk· organic beauty products
(also unspoilt British English) a place that is unspoiled is still beautiful because no one has built roads or buildings on it: · It was a pleasant unspoilt village.· The countryside is remarkably unspoiled.
[not before noun] a place that is untouched has not been affected by human activity: · There are few forested areas of the world that remain untouched by humans.
[only before noun] virgin forest or land is still in its natural state and has not been spoiled or changed in any way by humans: · Large areas of virgin rainforest will be protected from destruction.· He bought 14,000 acres of virgin land in Ontario.
Longman Language Activatorplants/animals/places/substances not made, caused, or changed by humans: · It was fascinating to see the elephants in their natural environment.· The river had worn away the rock to form a natural bridge.· A pipeline carries natural gas from under the sea to the refinery inland.natural resources (=useful or valuable substances such as oil, coal etc that exist naturally in a particular country): · Zaire is a country with substantial natural resources.
wild flowers, plants, and animals are in their natural state and have not been changed or controlled by humans: · There were lots of wild flowers growing by the roadside.· Wild strawberries are much smaller than the kind you get in shops.· In my opinion, wild animals should not be kept in zoos.wildlife (=wild animals, plants etc): · The island has an abundance of wildlife - animals, birds and fish.grow wild: · Banana trees were growing wild on the edge of the forest.
if animals live in the wild , they live in their natural state, not in a place such as a farm: · There are only about 5000 white rhino left living in the wild.
raw sugar, silk, tobacco etc is in its natural state before or without being changed by a chemical process: · Ghana still imports both raw and processed tobacco.· The Princess was wearing a dark green dress made of raw silk.raw materials (=basic natural materials that are needed to produce things): · Japan depends on the outside world for virtually all of its raw materials, including oil.
virgin forest, land etc is still in its natural state and has not been spoiled or changed by human beings: · Here we find immense virgin forests, similar to those of the Amazon and Indonesia.· In front of them were 500 miles of virgin plains almost uninhabited by white people.
an animal or place that is untamed has not been trained, controlled, or changed in any way by people, so that it is still completely wild: · Untamed horses roamed free in the wilds of the American plains.· These were the first railways, the first means of crossing wide open spaces that are still vast and untamed, even today.
also unspoilt British a place that is unspoiled is still in its beautiful natural state because no-one has built roads, buildings etc on it - use this especially about a place that has not been developed for tourists: · With its largely unspoiled natural beauty, Vietnam is rapidly becoming a destination for more and more foreign visitors.· The path leads eventually to a vast expanse of unspoilt woodland.· If you go further into the countryside, you will come across a number of unspoilt medieval walled villages.
food/drink produced without using chemicals: · The manufacturers claim that only natural ingredients are used in their products.· Today's consumers prefer drinks that contain natural flavourings.
organic fruit, vegetables etc have been grown without using chemicals to help them grow: · Most supermarkets now sell organic produce.· Organic fruit is generally more expensive.· Nowadays I only buy meat that is organic.
pure food or drink has not had anything added to it: · pure orange juice· Our burgers are made of 100% pure beef.
normal behaviour or feelings if a person is normal , there is nothing strange about them, and they are mentally and physically healthy: · Any normal boy of his age would be interested in football.· Her breathing was normal, but she had a very high temperature.it is normal (for somebody) to do something: · It is quite normal for children to be afraid of the dark.· When you start a new job, it's normal to feel somewhat overwhelmed.perfectly normal (=completely normal): · They seemed like a perfectly normal family.
feelings that are natural are what you would normally expect in a particular situation, so there is no need to feel worried or embarrassed about them: · Anger is a natural reaction when you lose someone you love.it is natural (for somebody) to do something: · I suppose it's natural for a mother to feel sad when her children leave home.· It isn't natural for a child to be so quiet.perfectly/quite natural (=completely natural): · It's perfectly natural to grieve for the loss of a pet.it's only natural spoken: · Of course Jean misses her boyfriend - it's only natural.it's only natural that: · It's only natural that people who spend a lot of time around computers either love them or hate them.
conventional people, behaviour, and opinions are the kind that most people in society think are normal and socially acceptable, although some people think they are boring and old-fashioned: · My mother was very conventional - she didn't approve of my hippie lifestyle.· a young man with conventional tastes in clothes and musicconventional wisdom (=the opinion that most people consider to be normal and right): · Conventional wisdom holds that more money for education means better schools for children.
spoken use this to say that is it normal for people to want to do something: · It's human nature to want what we don't have.
not false or artificial not false or artificial: · Is that a real diamond?· Are those flowers real or artificial?· People call him Baz, but his real name is Reginald.
real, not just seeming to be real or pretending to be real: · For years people thought the picture was a genuine Van Gogh, but in fact it's a fake.· We need a much faster system for dealing with genuine refugees.· If a student has genuine religious objections to a school activity, they do not have to participate.
authentic food, music, clothes etc are correct for the place or the period in history that they are supposed to be from: · a friendly restaurant offering authentic Greek food· They play music on authentic medieval instruments.· The dancers wore authentic Native American designs.
people or things that are bona fide are really what they say they are, especially when this can be checked by looking at official records, personal papers etc: · This club is only open to bona fide members.· We have to check that he holds a bona fide qualification.· The company can only reimburse bona fide business-related expenses.
not artificial and no made by people: · I prefer natural fibres such as wool and cotton.· His natural hair color is brown.· We only use natural products.
something that is the thing it is meant to be, and not a cheaper or lower quality thing: · Recorded music will never be as good as listening to the real thing.· I'd seen pictures of the painting, but it was very different seeing the real thing.
something such as a car, painting, or piece of furniture or clothing, that really is made, produced, or designed by a famous and admired person or company: · He owns a 1947 Ferrari -- the genuine article.· With paintings it is sometimes difficult to distinguish the genuine article from a good reproduction.
informal something that is real, and not a cheaper, lower quality product: · The moment I smelled the cigar, I knew it was the real McCoy.· The dress had a designer label, but I couldn't tell if it was the real McCoy or a cheap imitation.
WORD SETSafterbirth, nounantenatal, adjectiveartificial insemination, nounbaby blues, nounbarren, adjectivebarrier method, nounbear, verbbirth control, nounbreast-feed, verbbreech birth, nouncaesarean, nouncap, nounchildbearing, nounchildbirth, nounconceive, verbconfinement, nouncontraception, nouncontraction, nounC-section, noundeliver, verbdelivery, noundiaphragm, nounDutch cap, nounembryo, nounembryology, nouneugenics, nounfamily planning, nounfertility, nounfertility drug, nounfertilize, verbfetal, adjectivefetus, nounfoetal position, nounfoetus, nounfull-term, adjectivegestation, noungonad, nounincubator, nouninduce, verbinduction, nouninfant mortality rate, nouninfertile, adjectiveIUD, nounIVF, nounmaternal, adjectivematernity, nounmidwife, nounmidwifery, nounmilk, nounmiscarriage, nounmiscarry, verbmorning-after pill, nounmorning sickness, nounmother-to-be, nounmum-to-be, nounnatal, adjectivenatural, adjectivenatural childbirth, nounneuter, verbnurse, verbobstetrics, nounoral contraceptive, nounoviduct, nounovulate, verbovum, nounperinatal, adjectivepostnatal, adjectivepreemie, nounpregnancy, nounpregnant, adjectivepremature, adjectivepresentation, nounprocreate, verbproduce, verbquickening, nounreproduce, verbreproduction, nounreproductive, adjectiverhythm method, nounspay, verbsterile, adjectivesterilize, verbstillbirth, nounstillborn, adjectivestretch mark, nounsurrogate mother, nounswaddle, verbswaddling clothes, nountermination, nountest-tube baby, nountrimester, nounultrasound, nounumbilical cord, noununborn, adjectivewean, verbzygote, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY
the study of the natural world (=trees, rivers, animals, plants etc) natural disasters (=things such as floods or earthquakes) death from natural causes At the time, accepting his offer had seemed the most natural thing in the world. It’s only natural that he should be interested in what happens. It was a perfectly natural (=not surprising) mistake to make.COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES He has a natural aptitude for teaching. an area of outstanding natural beauty Nylon is a man-made fibre. My natural inclination was to say no. The artist Sandy Lee uses natural pigments in her work. the natural progression of the disease She overcame her own natural reserve.
the study of the natural world (=trees, rivers, animals, plants etc) natural disasters (=things such as floods or earthquakes) death from natural causes At the time, accepting his offer had seemed the most natural thing in the world. It’s only natural that he should be interested in what happens. It was a perfectly natural (=not surprising) mistake to make. (also innate ability formal) (=an ability that you are born with)· He didn't have the natural ability of his brother.· Babies have an innate ability to do simple maths.
He has a natural aptitude for teaching.· Chemicals will upset the natural balance of the pond.
an area of outstanding natural beauty (=a river, line of mountains etc that form a boundary)· Here, the Andes form a natural boundary between Argentina and Chile.
(=die of illness, old age etc, not because of an accident or crime)· He died from natural causes, believed to be a heart attack.
· She had a quiet natural charm that everyone liked.
(=that naturally/logically follows something)· Obviously disappointment is a natural consequence of defeat.
· The children are encouraged to follow their natural curiosity, and learn about what interests them.
· You're lucky if you have natural curls.
· the natural cycle of birth and death
· Everything in our environment is subject to natural decay.
· Kids have a natural desire to find out about new things.
(=of natural causes, rather than being killed)· The coroner concluded that Wilkins had died a natural death.
(=caused by nature)· In recent years there has been an increase in weather-related natural disasters.
· Current methods of farming are damaging the natural environment.
Nylon is a man-made fibre. (=gas used for cooking and heating, taken from under the earth or from under the sea)· The main part of natural gas is methane.
(=the type of place where an animal or plant usually lives or grows)· She studies gorillas in their natural habitat.
(=a hazard caused by nature)· One of the most widespread natural hazards is flooding.
· My natural impulse was to shout for help.
My natural inclination was to say no.· We use only natural ingredients in our products.
· I followed my natural instinct to run away.
(=someone who naturally has all the qualities needed to be a leader)· He has the confidence of a born leader.
(=light produced by the sun)· The only natural light came from two high windows.
· Most children are reared by their natural parents.
(=one that happens in nature)· Natural phenomena such as the appearance of comets intrigued him.
The artist Sandy Lee uses natural pigments in her work.· Birth is a natural process.
the natural progression of the disease· Anger is a natural reaction if you feel undervalued.
· He had an understandable reluctance to accuse his friend of lying.
· She began to look into alternative methods of treatment, such as natural remedies and hypnotherapy.
She overcame her own natural reserve.· We support the sustainable use of natural resources.
(=a natural ability)· She did not have a natural sense of direction.
· There's a plan to return large areas of farmland to their natural state.
· Murray was viewed as the natural successor to Henman as Britain's top player.
· Ronaldo is a player of immense natural talent.
(=one you are born with)· His recent experiences had reinforced a strong natural tendency towards caution.
(=a natural urge that all people have)· Every animal has an instinctive urge to survive.
COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADVERB· When this care of old people is short-lived, the inevitable prelude to death, it is accepted as natural.· If Knapp is right, and desire is as natural as eating, then it exists in all of us.· Family conferences are best conducted in as natural a manner as possible.· Second, it could prevent us from dealing expeditiously with emergencies such as natural disasters or military threats.· To him, rope dancing was as natural as breathing.· For example, the bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis has the ability to produce crystalline spores which act as natural insecticides.· But just as dramatic and, maybe, just as natural.
· Yet, when you came down to it, what was more natural than murder?· Nothing could have been more natural than to deify this powerful and benevolent force.· It is more prudent, more rational and more natural to use organic materials - manures.· But civilized society is not more natural than more degenerate social states.· It also accounts for poetry being a more natural instrument of its literary expression than fiction or drama.· Homosexuality can therefore feel more natural to many men than their comparatively laborious, expensive, and frustrating pursuits of young women.· I find it a more natural environment.· A more natural line evolved as bathing suit and fabric technology was improved to push, pull and lift invisibly.
· Talking over a drink; the most natural of interactions.· Moreover, the most natural thing of all about evolution is that some natures will be pitted against others.· This chapter has considered the two most natural methods of recognition used by humans - speech and writing.· Iii any primitive tribe, rule by male fighters is the most natural form of government.· He'd no patience with women putting on airs and moaning about the most natural thing in the world.· In fact it does the most natural thing, which is to go round the end of the opening.· I learned all this in the most natural way of all by talking to other patients.· There is no doubt, though, that Kasparov's sealed move is the most natural.
· It was only natural that some of them would go wrong from time to time.· It was only natural for them to become as protective of Bapi as they were of the tiniest infants in their care.· Which, from the way the power grew in him, palpably week by week, I took to be only natural.· It was only natural that Ray McGovern should speak first.· Add to this huge amounts of institutional funds, Eurodollars and oil money and volatility seems only natural.· Under the circumstances, it was only natural that religious life be focused on their gods of war.· So had the child's family - that was only natural.· To my mind, it was an unreasonable expectation, but to theirs, it was only natural and perfectly reasonable.
· It wasn't strange, but perfectly natural to be in Sien's company, her and the children.· It seemed perfectly natural that the centre and bow areas of our raft were permanently awash.· This is, as Morrissey well knows, a perfectly natural human condition.· Both Duvall and Jones have reached that level of acting where it all seems perfectly natural.· It was all perfectly natural, or should have been.· Pregnancy is a perfectly natural physical state, remember?· But Mr Mellor said it was a perfectly natural request to make.· She told herself she was just feeling a biological urge. Perfectly natural.
NOUN· Adam's natural ability impressed Jenny.· I took it to heart: There was something wrong with me, a natural ability lacking.· Your natural ability is the thing that should emerge, and if you have been well coached the coaching won't show.· He shared her natural ability to understand horses, her insight into how their minds worked.· He seems to have a natural ability which encourages plants to grow well.· I had a natural ability to entirely forget the theatre when at home, and viceversa, which was extremely useful.· He didn't have the natural ability of his brother, Red, but he was bigger and stronger.· Offiah is fortunate to be blessed with great natural ability and he is certainly the most marketable asset in Rugby League.
· The Province Northern Ireland is justly famous for its great natural beauty and the warmth and hospitality of its people.· We still have a great deal of space and a great deal of natural beauty.· Formerly farmland, it's in the Blythe Valley, an area of outstanding natural beauty with topography just made for golf.· And then, invigorated by the fresh air and natural beauty, we headed back towards Marloes.· Traffic is horrendous, walking dangerous and any semblance of natural beauty largely absent.· The verderers also have powers for the preservation of the natural beauty and the flora and fauna of the forest.· Our grandchildren should not have to live in a world stripped of its natural beauty.
· The machine was not switched off, but Mr Lavelle died of natural causes, police said.· He then went to live with his paternal grandparents, who died of natural causes soon after his placement with them.· Voice over A postmortem has revealed the man died from natural causes, there are no suspicious circumstances.· Park officials defended their care of Yaka, insisting she died of natural causes after a lengthy illness.· The statistics include heart attacks and other natural causes as well as accidents to hikers, climbers, and mountain workers.· Another researcher has suggested a similar explanation based on natural causes.· The coroner recorded a verdict of death due to natural causes.· The unfairness lay in the fact that these very poor harvests were mainly the result of natural causes.
· Most would recover if the disease were let to run its natural course.· I was wondering about the possibility of a wholly natural course on it, a course tended largely by sheep.· Maybe some things were better left to the natural course of time.· Diverse management would happen in the natural course of things without paying excruciatingly careful attention to balance.· And then, in the natural course of events, I would hope there would be children.· That is not to say that Reagan was not content to see socialists replaced by conservatives in the natural course of events.· Let time take its natural course.
· Is it surprising that he should die a natural death from a heart attack?· Sometimes I think they just want to let the whole thing die a natural death.· But assisting her investigations into a perfectly natural death as if it were murder was little short of lunacy.· Cause he died of natural death.· His father seemed a more promising candidate for that role and he had died a natural death.· There just aren't enough natural deaths.· The Revolution remained a military sedition and appeared likely to die a natural death.· Company support slipped away and the adhesives programme died a natural death.
· Newsgroups are also highly popular as a means of tracing family members who may have fled conflict or natural disaster.· During recent natural disasters, the Federal Emergency Management Agency has quickly sent out relief checks to thousands of residents.· And the engineering marvel turned out to be a slow-motion natural disaster.· It can happen very quickly, as is clear to anyone who has experienced a natural disaster.· They often have coping skills gained from surviving previous natural disasters or wars.· But we have known the trauma of one natural disaster after another.· Wars, slumps, natural disasters - not a dicky bird.· Adults may develop the disorder after being involved in a traumatic experience such as war or a natural disaster.
· In classical biological control, a natural enemy is introduced to control an organism that has become a pest in its absence.· Reactive techniques like reorganization, retrenchment, and restriction are the natural enemies of organizational innovation.· The doctrine rested on the assumption that the country had no natural enemies and advanced no territorial claims on its neighbours.· The pesticide killed off weevils and other insects, leaving the army worm to multiply unchecked by its natural enemies.· The plant toxin renders both the caterpillar and the adult butterfly particularly repellent to natural enemies.· Much more can be done to improve the conservation of natural enemies in the field.· In the wild, the pair would be natural enemies.· Careful timing and choice of chemical can greatly enhance the effectiveness of a natural enemy.
· But are they on a par with their natural environment?· Most Chicagoans considered the dishonesty of the police as part of the natural environment.· Many are working to save species from extinction, animals from cruelty, natural environment from destruction.· This fact underscores a point that is central to any discussion of how population growth impinges on the natural environment.· As a society are we prepared to spend to regain our natural environment?· Plants in their natural environments are continually damaged by animals and by weather conditions such as floods.· Our perception of parrots as somehow our rightful property has been destructive for the living creature in its natural environment.· And it will take other research sites to predict the effects on natural environments rather than well-tended farmland.
· They rarely study natural events, and only in so far as they impinge on the human world.· Now and then, natural events make it easier for Murray and his associates to convince others that their work is necessary.· This might be by parental design or due to natural events.· With many of our everyday experiences of natural events it is difficult to envisage how they could be other than they are.· Those who pursue water-related sports should learn to respect natural events like tides and floods.· No manmade nuclear repository could hope to cope with this kind of natural event either.· Events don't fall neatly into natural events versus miracles.
· It said it will use the net proceeds to acquire long-life natural gas reserves and exploit development opportunities.· Oil companies fell in response to weaker crude oil and natural gas prices.· Its two core components, methanol and butane, are processed from natural gas.· But after adjustment for inflation, particularly for energy services such as natural gas, the real increase was just 0.2 percent.· They are fossil fuels: coal, oil and natural gas, nuclear fuels: uranium ores.· The air / fuel ratio on a weight basis also suggests the Intermediate character of oil between natural gas and coal.· Methanol could well become a significant fuel for transportation and is already being produced from natural gas in New Zealand.· Experts have described the coal as similar to natural gas in terms of its sulphur dioxide content.
· Some attacked the fact that faster growth has been environmentally unsound, creating excessive carbon emissions and destroying natural habitats.· To determine our mating system we need to know our natural habitat and our past.· It was through him that Mr Jackson became hooked on watching the badgers in their natural habitat.· His natural habitat is the graph, his occupation the computer simulation.· On the shelves there were fish swimming in the air as if it was their natural habitat.· In indoor aquariums we can prepare much better and more stable conditions than are offered in their natural habitat.· Today, hunting is no longer allowed and tourists visit these national parks to view and photograph the wildlife in their natural habitats.· Some, however, are believed to be original natural habitats.
· Our knowledge of the basic natural history of some groups is still lamentable.· The historical theme extends to cover local canals, bridges, floods, natural history and archaeology.· But it was Wolf who succeeded best in the nineteenth century in bringing drama into natural history illustration.· What is striking about natural history illustrations is sometimes their longevity.· This meant, first and foremost, following Bacon in the making of natural histories.· These results have important implications for the understanding of the natural history of gastro-oesophageal reflux disease.· For the moment let us simply note that natural history may have important ritual implications.· He regarded field-work as of fundamental importance in the study of natural history.
· It is a natural inclination and instinct to want our effort recognised and appreciated.· His natural inclination is to stay as close to the slope as possible, because it feels safer and more secure.· The region's natural inclination, like that of a bicycle, is to be unstable.· Lettie purposely lingered behind Patrice, fighting off her natural inclination to simply ignore the woman and brush past her.· Though her natural inclination was to turn round and zoom straight back again, Mildred could see that there was no escape.· The natural inclination is to increase the dosage to continue the benefits.· Cranmer's natural inclination was for compromise and mercy.· My natural inclination would be to accede to his motion.
· I was whipped on against every natural instinct.· San Diego is populated by folks whose natural instinct is to take to the beach, not to the streets.· I feel certain the purpose of the slimness stems from the natural instinct to shoal in a compact body.· The characters are guided by their hearts and natural instincts to truth, right conduct and happiness.· Experience told him that a woman's natural instinct was to defend herself rather than to hurt the attacker.· For me, drawing, designing, although coming from a very natural instinct, never has an esthetic finality.· While they are only following their natural instincts, digging can cause very serious problems in the longer term.· The natural instinct was to scuttle for shelter.
· On this view the distinction between the application of the terms natural justice and fairness is linguistic rather than substantive.· The exact requirements of natural justice can vary depending on the particular situation.· For the present we must return to the adjudicative context within which natural justice and fairness operate.· The courts have also addressed themselves to the question of whether natural justice or fairness applies to matters of a legislative nature.· At present rules of a legislative nature are not generally subject to natural justice. 2.· Again, special considerations which might be pertinent during wartime should not affect the ambit of natural justice now.· Lord Denning restricted the full application of the rules of natural justice on the ground of national security.
· Computerized free language indexing is, for all practical purposes, the same as natural language indexing.· Does this mean that the semantics of natural language can not deal with truth and falsity?· Language and linguistics Over the past decade, work on formal theories of meaning for natural languages has developed very swiftly.· In the light of all this, I do not think it premature to put forward an evolutionary scenario for natural language.· In some circumstances natural language indexing may reflect more closely the terms used by the searcher.· Voice and gesture recognition and natural language-processing, including translation, should be adequately developed in about ten years.· This is partly because, with natural language indexing, the indexing language is that of the relevant input documents.· Numerous projects are based on question-answer dialogues and the development of natural language front-ends for databases. 2.2.2.3.
· However, the natural law governing committees soon took hold and progress was glacially slow.· No natural laws, only nature.· Musical form is no exception to this natural law.· But Aristotle did not conceive of natural laws based on mathematical principles.· But of course natural law is false judged by positivist assumptions just as positivism is false judged by natural law assumptions.· Smith propounded natural laws behind the new reality.· But of course natural law is false judged by positivist assumptions just as positivism is false judged by natural law assumptions.· He was convinced that, in a world governed by natural law, life must inevitably be accompanied by reproduction and death.
· His upbringing, education and training had been based on the assumption that in any situation his class were the natural leaders.· A natural follower, looking for a natural leader.· He was a good fighter and a brave man, though not, like Bedwyr, a natural leader.· As soon as he walked into a room, he was in charge-a natural leader.· Why does it sometimes seem that Robert Mugabe must be the natural leader of this panic-stricken crusade?· She is not a natural leader and does not like to be in charge.· By the mid-Fifties he considered himself the natural leader of world Communism.· A quick dip into this must make ordinary Joes feel like natural leaders.
· Table 11.2 shows times when natural light is recommended or advised against.· Saconi was in there at one of the tables, blithe and ambivalent in the diffused natural light.· Whilst we stress the artificial nature of most time-cues, it would be misleading to suggest that natural light is without effect.· A special feature is a cantilevered bay window which is designed to create more space and to give plenty of natural light.· Other requirements: Light: Needs very good light, especially natural light.· Soane created a beautifully spacious building, awash in natural light.· Modern school buildings make as much use as possible of natural light, incorporating as they do large windows.· He worked out of doors, with natural light and a white background.
· Therefore the possibility of there being a natural monopoly is intimately related to the assumptions regarding potential entrant behaviour.· When a firm displays these economies of scale, we call it a natural monopoly.· The most we can say is that if there are still economies of scale unexploited, the industry is a natural monopoly.· In principle, in some natural monopoly industries outside controls are superfluous.· Other Western countries face the same problem of natural monopoly in these industries.· Perhaps such arguments are beside the main point, which is to cover the natural monopoly case.· Costs can be rising in a natural monopoly industry.· Our concern essentially is with the first of these possibilities, the case of natural monopoly - no competition is possible.
· Even the claim that the natural order reflected the contingency of a divine will could pull in two directions.· It seems, like the dandelions in spring, to be the natural order of things.· In terms of the dominant concepts of the age, feudalism appeared as the natural order of things.· These metaphors are all projections of a wholly negative and reductionist view of human existence on to the natural order.· They were charged with dispensing justice and avenging violations of the natural order.· Social and economic stability and the natural order call for a full two weeks of diligent goofing off.· In this way a social contrivance appears to be founded on the natural order of things.· But my ideas were based on ignorance of the natural order of things.
· But they are not entirely unsympathetic to natural parents.· But Francine ended up back with her natural parents in a dispute over how much money was to be paid.· Tizard, for example, mentions the need to support the natural parents to enable them to care adequately.· Her adoptive parents were told at the time by doctors that her natural parents had abandoned her.· Their natural parents are separately seeking custody.· After reading about the case, her natural parents phoned her mum and dad in Manchester.· Children will be pulled in two directions between their natural parents and may well have tense relationships with their step-parents.
· The anti-Aristotelianism and the newly emerging concept of natural philosophy were, then, not private but public developments.· A separation of science from religion has also been seen in a diminished authority for the Bible in matters of natural philosophy.· But it would be misleading to speak of separation given the religious foundations of his natural philosophy.· It is plain from all of this how moral philosophy is taken to depend on natural philosophy.· They were to be the basis of a new natural philosophy, and were advocated both by practising experimenters and by theoreticians.· Aristotle too claims in several places that natural philosophy and medicine go hand in hand and are studied by the same people.· Boyle's essays reveal an unprecedented series of distinctions, of the utmost importance in the promotion of natural philosophy.· He says rather more, however, about their ill effects on natural philosophy, mathematics, and religion.
· Agricultural subsidies and a thoughtless disregard for natural processes are washing away the commonwealth of land, its soils and wildlife.· By contrast, the magical Eve grows out of Adam, and not the natural processes of the physical world.· Second, the discrimination which emanates from ageism can appear to result from the natural process of biological ageing rather than social creation.· Such abstraction is essential to human understanding, and it has opened up comprehension of natural processes in an amazing way.· Sometimes the natural processes of erosion will etch a perfect specimen.· Is this sequence the natural process by which humans approach an infant?· In my case this natural process has been disrupted.· Both would interfere with the natural process of evolution and natural selection which ensured social progress.
· Tom's move to Chief Executive of Petersen is a natural progression.· Here was a natural progression of young trees, old trees, and decaying fallen trees.· They laughed, talked, and drank champagne: and the natural progression was to his bedroom.· Using different colours can change the scale and shape of things and tartan is a natural progression from this.· To an outsider this seemed a quite natural progression, but within the West Indies it was not greeted with unmitigated delight.· By a natural progression Peter thought of the Letts School-Boy Diary for 1964.· From there, by natural progression, Jinny moved to the memory of herself, crying into Keith's comfortable jumper.· This is a natural progression from the work carried out in the area during 1991 on the Food Safety Act.
· Imperialism focused on one or two natural resources, thus creating a homogeneous agricultural proletariat, all doing the same labouring job.· It would grant them greater control over electing their own leaders and over their natural resources and economies.· The object of the exercise is to ensure the wise and efficient use of natural resources throughout the Trust.· Those homes were determined by the location of natural resources and the possession of capital.· Apart from products based on these natural resources, including electric power, Kosovo has little industry except some textiles and leather products.· There is physical capital: natural resources and manufactured things like machines that are used in the production of other goods.· Environmental degradation, whether resulting from pollution or from overuse of natural resources, does not respect the boundaries of states.· The world is still rich with natural resources that could be reshaped by your creative mind.
· The work of Feyerabend and Kuhn suggests that unqualified talk of progress even in the natural sciences is going too far.· Three years later, he received a doctorate in the natural sciences from the same school.· The same kind of problem arises if the system is looked at from the angle of the natural sciences.· The philosophical underpinnings of creation science automatically place it in a very different realm from natural science.· He took the natural sciences tripos in 1877 with first-class honours, and was appointed an assistant demonstrator.· One is founded on the triumphant rise of natural science since the sixteenth century.· In natural science, we study the phenomena of the world around us, the world of things, of objects.· It only seems to include the experimental model drawn from the natural sciences.
· But the histone H4 document hasn't just been copied, it has been subjected to natural selection.· No other currency counts in natural selection.· Variety is the raw material of evolution, used up as natural selection takes its course.· In that case, evolution by natural selection occurred, but did not create a new species.· It is all done automatically by ordinary natural selection.· If accurate measurement of quality is in place, natural selection proceeds almost automatically.· One qualification is that some evolutionary changes occur by chance, without natural selection.· The better the host defends, the more natural selection will promote the parasites that can overcome the offense.
· It was apparent from that day that he had a natural talent that was waiting to be developed.· He would like that, the two of us with the same natural talent.· Hoomey, Nutty would have said, had no natural talent.· The trick for families who want to make fitness a priority and yet lack natural talent may be twofold, experts say.· To achieve that status, a player needs - besides a natural talent - a burning inner ambition.· He had said that Joe possessed a natural talent for political news and should seek opportunities in that direction.· My domino playing was at its peak and all that I was achieving was gained through natural talent.· But he forgot his natural talents such as hunting and speaking to other whales.
· It was a natural thing, like air.· It was the most natural thing possible to connect them with the gods.· He'd no patience with women putting on airs and moaning about the most natural thing in the world.· I have always believed in natural things.· Thus physical and natural things were denigrated.· To him it is the natural thing to do.· He was beginning to have a sense of Man things and natural things.· It needs to be kind of a natural thing for me.
· But the Pill continued to be made and marketed in the pseudo-natural way he had devised.· John's wort is the natural way to go is still up for debate.· Tears are clearly woven through her life in a natural way.· The technical definition of multimedia is the use of Multimedia mimics the natural way people communicate.· I learned all this in the most natural way of all by talking to other patients.· The denizens of Shantytown live in a natural way.· Carolyn watched him, caught between her astonishment at his presence here, and the sudden absolutely natural way they were talking.· We, in our post-Freudian age, tend to accept this as the natural way therapy works.
· In the conventional sense of the word, which conveys some sort of harmony with the natural world, it certainly was.· The problem is even more severe with the natural world, where the ratio of observable high drama is much lower.· The focus today is not the predicted disappearance of order but the abundance of it throughout the natural world.· There is no doubt that this early form of man had a greater impact on the natural world than any other animal.· Coleridge insisted, to both the natural world and the human spirit.· We are not free to deface and destroy the natural world.· The vision of unity I saw on that subway begins here to extend beyond humanity to the whole natural world.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRYPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► natural-born singer/story-teller etc
- At present rules of a legislative nature are not generally subject to natural justice. 2.
- But Aristotle did not conceive of natural laws based on mathematical principles.
- If he perceives that there is a likelihood of bias, the rules of natural justice have been broken. 2.
- It may have failed in the course of the inquiry to comply with the requirements of natural justice.
- Lord Denning restricted the full application of the rules of natural justice on the ground of national security.
- Some commentators take a different view, seeing a broader significance in the shift from natural justice to fairness.
- The injunction is important in public law in the context of the rules of natural justice.
- They have always presented a problem for the application of natural justice.
- A corollary of this view was that the content of the rules of natural justice could be relatively fired and certain.
- An obvious example would be if it reached a decision in flagrant breach of the rules of natural justice.
- If he perceives that there is a likelihood of bias, the rules of natural justice have been broken. 2.
- Lord Denning restricted the full application of the rules of natural justice on the ground of national security.
- Similarly, a requirement that the expert observe the rules of natural justice could be made a contractual obligation.
- The injunction is important in public law in the context of the rules of natural justice.
- When do the rules of natural justice apply?
- For the Army we are talking about in excess of 10,000 redundancies and much of the other reductions will occur through natural wastage.
- He didn't mind the natural wastage, at all.
- Membership from now on will be by invitation only as existing places become available through natural wastage.
- No, natural wastage, as they call it these days, took care of the decrease.
- Ten of the posts to go will disappear through natural wastage.
- There is a natural wastage of at least five percent on any diet.
- Voluntary redundancies and natural wastage are expected instead of sackings.
- He can live in and accept the natural world, yet his soul lofts upward.
- However we have seen that quantum theory places considerable restraint on a plain man's objectivist view of the natural world.
- In that casual gesture she trampled upon an awesome human achievement and upon great sacrifices contributed by the natural world.
- It is not true that the will to power alone characterises the animal world.
- Similarly, these continuing contests in the natural world were leading to areas which were specialised in their functions.
- The focus today is not the predicted disappearance of order but the abundance of it throughout the natural world.
- We must learn to accept it as a law of the natural world.
WORD FAMILYnounnaturenaturalistnaturalismnaturalizationnaturalnessthe supernaturalnaturalnaturistnaturismadjectivenatural ≠ unnaturalsupernaturalnaturalisticadverbnaturally ≠ unnaturallynaturalisticallysupernaturallyverbnaturalize
1nature existing in nature and not caused, made, or controlled by people: the study of the natural world (=trees, rivers, animals, plants etc) an area of spectacular natural beauty natural disasters (=things such as floods or earthquakes) death from natural causes the need for natural light in offices2normal normal and as you would expect OPP unnatural, abnormal: At the time, accepting his offer had seemed the most natural thing in the world.it is natural (for somebody) to do something It’s not natural for a child of his age to be so quiet. It’s only natural that he should be interested in what happens. It was a perfectly natural (=not surprising) mistake to make.3behaviour a natural tendency or type of behaviour is part of your character when you are born, rather than one that you learn later: Babies have a natural fear of falling.4ability having a particular quality or skill without needing to be taught and without needing to try hard: a natural musician Cheryl has a natural elegance about her. his natural ability with figures5relaxed behaving in a way that is normal and shows you are relaxed and not trying to pretend: Be cool, be natural.6parent/child [only before noun] a)someone’s natural parent or child is their real parent or child, who is biologically related to them: An adopted young person has the right to trace his natural parents. b)old-fashioned if someone is the natural child of someone, their parents were not married to each other: He was rumoured to be the natural son of a duke.7real not connected with gods, magic, or spirits OPP supernatural: I’m sure there’s a perfectly natural explanation.8natural justice/law justice that is based on human reason alone9food with nothing added to change the taste: natural yoghurt10music technical a musical note that is natural has been raised from a flat by one semitone or lowered from a sharp by one semitone—naturalness noun [uncountable]: Manufacturers now choose to emphasize the naturalness of the ingredients used in their products.THESAURUSnatural existing in nature and not caused, made, or controlled by people: · a natural lake· natural light· the Earth's natural resources· We only use natural ingredients in our products.· his natural hair colourwild used about flowers, plants, and animals that are not controlled by people. Also used about areas of land where there are no humans: · We found some wild strawberries.· wild horses· wild open spacespure used about food, drink, or materials that have not had anything added to them: · pure orange juice· pure new woolorganic used about fruit, vegetables, meat etc produced without using chemicals: · organic carrots· organic milk· organic beauty productsunspoiled (also unspoilt British English) a place that is unspoiled is still beautiful because no one has built roads or buildings on it: · It was a pleasant unspoilt village.· The countryside is remarkably unspoiled.untouched [not before noun] a place that is untouched has not been affected by human activity: · There are few forested areas of the world that remain untouched by humans.virgin [only before noun] virgin forest or land is still in its natural state and has not been spoiled or changed in any way by humans: · Large areas of virgin rainforest will be protected from destruction.· He bought 14,000 acres of virgin land in Ontario.COLLOCATIONS CHECKwild flowers/plants/placesorganic food/vegetables/productsunspoiled countryside/island/beautyvirgin forest/land natural1 adjectivenatural2 noun
naturalnatural2 noun [countable] EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS
- Gore is hardly a political natural.
Longman Language Activatorplants/animals/places/substances
not made, caused, or changed by humans: · It was fascinating to see the elephants in their natural environment.· The river had worn away the rock to form a natural bridge.· A pipeline carries natural gas from under the sea to the refinery inland.natural resources (=useful or valuable substances such as oil, coal etc that exist naturally in a particular country): · Zaire is a country with substantial natural resources.
wild flowers, plants, and animals are in their natural state and have not been changed or controlled by humans: · There were lots of wild flowers growing by the roadside.· Wild strawberries are much smaller than the kind you get in shops.· In my opinion, wild animals should not be kept in zoos.wildlife (=wild animals, plants etc): · The island has an abundance of wildlife - animals, birds and fish.grow wild: · Banana trees were growing wild on the edge of the forest.
if animals live in the wild , they live in their natural state, not in a place such as a farm: · There are only about 5000 white rhino left living in the wild.
raw sugar, silk, tobacco etc is in its natural state before or without being changed by a chemical process: · Ghana still imports both raw and processed tobacco.· The Princess was wearing a dark green dress made of raw silk.raw materials (=basic natural materials that are needed to produce things): · Japan depends on the outside world for virtually all of its raw materials, including oil.
virgin forest, land etc is still in its natural state and has not been spoiled or changed by human beings: · Here we find immense virgin forests, similar to those of the Amazon and Indonesia.· In front of them were 500 miles of virgin plains almost uninhabited by white people.
an animal or place that is untamed has not been trained, controlled, or changed in any way by people, so that it is still completely wild: · Untamed horses roamed free in the wilds of the American plains.· These were the first railways, the first means of crossing wide open spaces that are still vast and untamed, even today.
also unspoilt British a place that is unspoiled is still in its beautiful natural state because no-one has built roads, buildings etc on it - use this especially about a place that has not been developed for tourists: · With its largely unspoiled natural beauty, Vietnam is rapidly becoming a destination for more and more foreign visitors.· The path leads eventually to a vast expanse of unspoilt woodland.· If you go further into the countryside, you will come across a number of unspoilt medieval walled villages.
food/drink produced without using chemicals: · The manufacturers claim that only natural ingredients are used in their products.· Today's consumers prefer drinks that contain natural flavourings.
organic fruit, vegetables etc have been grown without using chemicals to help them grow: · Most supermarkets now sell organic produce.· Organic fruit is generally more expensive.· Nowadays I only buy meat that is organic.
pure food or drink has not had anything added to it: · pure orange juice· Our burgers are made of 100% pure beef.
having a natural ability to do something well very good at doing something because you have a lot of natural ability: · The show has talented actors, but the writing is poor.highly talented (=very talented): · The Brazilian team includes some highly talented young players.· The musicians are talented and enthusiastic about their new venture.
very good at doing something, especially art, music, or sport, because you were born with natural ability: · Picasso was one of the most gifted artists who ever lived.· It's a difficult subject, even for a writer as gifted as Mathers.gifted children: · Most school systems offer programs for gifted children.highly gifted (=very gifted): · He is a highly gifted young singer, who combines a beautiful voice with unusual musical sensitivity.
someone who has a natural ability to do something and thinks it is easy as soon as they start to do it: · His sense of humor made him a natural for the TV talk shows.a natural at: · McAvoy is a natural at public relations.
to have a natural ability to learn a particular subject or skill very easily and quickly: · The school is for children who have an exceptional aptitude for math and science.
: have a gift for languages/painting/music/dancing etc have a special natural ability to do something very well, especially something artistic: · Mozart had a gift for music even when he was very young.· As a director, he has a gift for inspiring his actors to give their best performances.
: born leader/teacher/writer etc someone who clearly has a natural ability to lead, teach etc well, so that it seems as if they do not need to be taught how to do it: · When I read his first essays I knew that he was a born writer.· He seemed to be a born leader, someone who inspired confidence and loyalty.
WORD SETSa cappella, adjectiveaccelerando, adjectiveaccompaniment, nounaccompanist, nounaccompany, verbaccordion, nounacid house, nounacoustic, adjectiveadagio, nounallegro, nounandante, adjectiveandante, nounanthem, nounaria, nounarpeggio, nounarr., arrange, verbarrangement, nounatonal, adjectiveback, verbbacking, nounbagpipes, nounbalalaika, nounballad, nounband, nounbandmaster, nounbandsman, nounbandstand, nounbanjo, nounbar, nounbarbershop, nounbaritone, nounbarrel organ, nounbass, nounbass, adjectivebass clef, nounbass guitar, nounbassist, nounbassoon, nounbaton, nounbeat, verbbeat, nounbebop, nounblast, verbblow, verbbluegrass, nounbolero, nounbongos, nounboogie, nounbootleg, nounbow, nounbow, verbbrass band, nounbreve, nounbridge, nounbugle, nounbusk, verbC, nouncabaret, nouncadence, nouncadenza, nouncalypso, nounC & W, canon, nouncantata, nouncanticle, nouncantor, nouncarillon, nouncarol, nouncarol, verbcastanets, nouncatchy, adjectivecellist, nouncello, nounchamber music, nounchamber orchestra, nounchant, verbchant, nounchoir, nounchoirboy, nounchoral, adjectivechorale, nounchord, nounchorister, nounchorus, nounChristmas carol, nounchromatic, adjectiveclapper, nounclarinet, nounclavichord, nounclef, nouncoda, nouncoloratura, nouncombo, nouncompose, verbcomposer, nounconcert, nounconcertgoer, nounconcertina, nounconcertmaster, nounconcerto, nounconduct, verbconductor, nounconsonant, adjectiveconsort, nouncontinuo, nouncontrabass, nouncontralto, nouncor anglais, nouncornet, nouncounterpoint, nouncountertenor, nouncountry and western, nouncountry music, nouncover, verbcover, nouncrescendo, nouncroon, verbcrotchet, nouncut, verbcymbal, nounD, noundamper, noundance, noundance band, noundemo, noundescant, noundidgeridoo, noundiminuendo, noundirge, noundisc jockey, noundiscord, noundiscordant, adjectivedissonance, nounditty, nounDixieland, noundo, noundoh, noundominant, noundouble bass, noundownbeat, noundrum, noundrum, verbdrumbeat, noundrum kit, noundrum major, noundrummer, noundrumming, noundrum-roll, noundrumstick, noundub, nounduet, noundulcimer, nounduo, nounear, nouneasy listening, nouneighth note, nounelevator music, nounencore, interjectionensemble, nounexpression, nounf., fa, nounfalsetto, nounfanfare, nounfantasia, nounfiddle, nounfiddler, nounfife, nounfinale, nounfingering, nounflat, adjectiveflat, nounflat, adverbflautist, nounfloor show, nounflourish, nounflute, nounfolk, nounfolk, adjectivefolk music, nounforte, nounforte, adjectivefortissimo, adjectiveforty-five, nounFrench horn, nounfret, nounfugue, nounfunk, nounfunky, adjectiveg, gamelan, noungig, noungig, verbglee club, nounglide, nounglockenspiel, noungong, noungospel, noungrand, noungrand opera, noungrand piano, nounGregorian chant, noungroup, nounguitar, nounhalf note, nounhalf step, nounhammer, nounhard rock, nounharmonic, adjectiveharmonica, nounharmonium, nounharmonize, verbharmony, nounharp, nounharpsichord, nounheavy metal, nounhigh, adjectivehigh-pitched, adjectivehip hop, nounhorn, nounhot, adjectivehouse music, nounhurdy-gurdy, nounhymn, nounimpressionism, nounimpressionist, nounimprovise, verbincidental music, nouninstrument, nouninstrumental, adjectiveinstrumental, nouninstrumentalist, nouninstrumentation, nouninterlude, nouninterval, nounjam, verbjam session, nounjazz, nounjazzy, adjectivejig, nounjingle, nounjungle, nounkaraoke, nounkazoo, nounkettledrum, nounkey, nounkeyboard, nounkey signature, nounla, nounlament, nounlargo, adjectiveleader, nounledger line, nounlegato, adjectiveleitmotif, nounlento, adjectivelibrettist, nounlibretto, nounlilt, nounlullaby, nounlute, nounlyre, nounlyric, adjectivelyrical, adjectivelyricism, nounlyricist, nounmadrigal, nounmaestro, nounmajor, adjectivemale-voice choir, nounmandolin, nounmaracas, nounmarch, nounmarching band, nounmariachi, nounmarimba, nounmasterclass, nounmedley, nounmellifluous, adjectivemelodic, adjectivemelodious, adjectivemelody, nounmetronome, nounmezzo-soprano, nounmi, nounmiddle C, nounminim, nounminor, adjectiveminstrel, nounminuet, nounmodal, adjectivemode, nounmoderato, adjectivemodulate, verbmolto, adverbmood music, nounmotif, nounmouth organ, nounmouthpiece, nounmovement, nounmusic, nounmusical, adjectivemusical, nounmusical instrument, nounmusically, adverbmusician, nounmusicianship, nounmusicology, nounmusic stand, nounmute, verbmute, nounMuzak, nounnational anthem, nounnatural, adjectivenatural, nounNegro spiritual, nounnocturne, nounnote, nounnumber, nounnumber one, nounnursery rhyme, nounoboe, nounoctave, nounoctet, nounoff-key, adjectiveone-man band, nounopera, nounopera house, nounoperetta, nounopus, nounoratorio, nounorchestra, nounorchestral, adjectiveorchestra pit, nounorchestrate, verborgan, nounorgan grinder, nounorganist, nounovertone, nounoverture, nounp., panpipes, nounpart, nounpart-song, nounpause, nounpeal, verbpedal, nounpeg, nounpenny whistle, nounpercussion, nounperfect pitch, nounPhilharmonic, adjectivephrase, nounphrase, verbphrasing, nounpianissimo, adjectivepianist, nounpiano, nounpiano, adjectivepianola, nounpiccolo, nounpick, verbpick, nounpipe, verbpiped music, nounpiper, nounpitch, nounpitch, verbpizzicato, nounplainchant, nounplainsong, nounplay, verbplayer, nounplayer piano, nounplectrum, nounpluck, verbpolyphony, nounpop, nounpop group, nounpop music, nounpop star, nounprelude, nounpresto, adjectivepresto, nounprima donna, nounproduction number, nounpromenade concert, nounpsaltery, nounpunk, nounquarter note, nounquartet, nounquaver, nounquintet, nounR & B, nounrag, nounraga, nounragga, nounragtime, nounrange, nounrap, nounrap, verbrapper, nounrecital, nounrecitative, nounrecord, nounrecorder, nounreed, nounrefrain, nounreggae, nounregister, nounremaster, verbrendering, nounrendition, nounrepeat, nounrequest, nounrequiem, nounresonator, nounrest, nounrhapsody, nounrhythm, nounrhythm and blues, nounrhythm section, nounriff, nounroadie, nounroad manager, nounrock, nounrock and roll, nounrock music, nounrock 'n' roll, nounrondo, nounrostrum, nounround, nounrumba, nounrun, nounsalsa, nounsamba, nounsaxophone, nounsaxophonist, nounscale, nounscat, nounscherzo, nounscore, nounscore, verbsemibreve, nounsemiquaver, nounsemitone, nounseptet, nounserenade, nounserenade, verbset, nounsetting, nounsextet, nounshanty, nounsharp, adverbsharp, nounsheet music, nounsight-read, verbsignature tune, nounsing, verbsinger, nounsinger-songwriter, nounsingle, nounsitar, nounsixteenth note, nounska, nounskiffle, nounslide, nounslur, verbslur, nounsnare drum, nounso, nounsol, nounsol-fa, nounsolo, adjectivesolo, nounsoloist, nounsonata, nounsong, nounsongbook, nounsongster, nounsongwriter, nounsoprano, nounsoprano, adjectivesoul, nounsoundtrack, nounspiritual, nounsqueezebox, nounstaccato, adverbstaff, nounstandard, nounStar-Spangled Banner, the, stave, nounsteel band, nounsteel guitar, nounstep, nounstring, verbstringed instrument, nounstrum, verbstudy, nounsuite, nounswell, nounswing, nounsymphony, nounsyncopated, adjectivesyncopation, nounsynthesis, nounsynthesize, verbsynthesizer, nountabla, nountabor, nountambourine, nountechno, nountempo, nountenor, nountenor, adjectiveTex-Mex, adjectivetheme, nounthrash, nounthrenody, nounthrob, verbti, nountimbrel, nountime, nountime signature, nountimpani, nountoccata, nountom-tom, nountonal, adjectivetonality, nountone, nountone-deaf, adjectivetone poem, nountonic, nountootle, verbtrack, nountranscribe, verbtranspose, verbtreble, nountreble, adjectivetreble clef, nountremolo, nountriangle, nountrill, nountrombone, nountrumpet, nountuba, nountune, nountune, verbtuneful, adjectivetuneless, adjectivetuning fork, nountuning peg, nounukulele, noununaccompanied, adjectiveupright piano, nounvalve, nounvariation, nounverse, nounvibes, nounvibraphone, nounvibrato, nounviola, nounviolin, nounviolinist, nounvirginals, nounvirtuoso, nounvivace, adjectivevocal, adjectivevocal, nounvocalist, nounvoice, nounvoluntary, nounwaltz, nounwarble, verbwarbler, nounwhole note, nounwind instrument, nounwoodwind, nounxylophone, nounyodel, verbyodel, nounzither, nounzydeco, noun
COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES He has a natural aptitude for teaching. an area of outstanding natural beauty Nylon is a man-made fibre. My natural inclination was to say no. The artist Sandy Lee uses natural pigments in her work. the natural progression of the disease She overcame her own natural reserve.
(also innate ability formal) (=an ability that you are born with)· He didn't have the natural ability of his brother.· Babies have an innate ability to do simple maths.
He has a natural aptitude for teaching.· Chemicals will upset the natural balance of the pond.
an area of outstanding natural beauty (=a river, line of mountains etc that form a boundary)· Here, the Andes form a natural boundary between Argentina and Chile.
(=die of illness, old age etc, not because of an accident or crime)· He died from natural causes, believed to be a heart attack.
· She had a quiet natural charm that everyone liked.
(=that naturally/logically follows something)· Obviously disappointment is a natural consequence of defeat.
· The children are encouraged to follow their natural curiosity, and learn about what interests them.
· You're lucky if you have natural curls.
· the natural cycle of birth and death
· Everything in our environment is subject to natural decay.
· Kids have a natural desire to find out about new things.
(=of natural causes, rather than being killed)· The coroner concluded that Wilkins had died a natural death.
(=caused by nature)· In recent years there has been an increase in weather-related natural disasters.
· Current methods of farming are damaging the natural environment.
Nylon is a man-made fibre. (=gas used for cooking and heating, taken from under the earth or from under the sea)· The main part of natural gas is methane.
(=the type of place where an animal or plant usually lives or grows)· She studies gorillas in their natural habitat.
(=a hazard caused by nature)· One of the most widespread natural hazards is flooding.
· My natural impulse was to shout for help.
My natural inclination was to say no.· We use only natural ingredients in our products.
· I followed my natural instinct to run away.
(=someone who naturally has all the qualities needed to be a leader)· He has the confidence of a born leader.
(=light produced by the sun)· The only natural light came from two high windows.
· Most children are reared by their natural parents.
(=one that happens in nature)· Natural phenomena such as the appearance of comets intrigued him.
The artist Sandy Lee uses natural pigments in her work.· Birth is a natural process.
the natural progression of the disease· Anger is a natural reaction if you feel undervalued.
· He had an understandable reluctance to accuse his friend of lying.
· She began to look into alternative methods of treatment, such as natural remedies and hypnotherapy.
She overcame her own natural reserve.· We support the sustainable use of natural resources.
(=a natural ability)· She did not have a natural sense of direction.
· There's a plan to return large areas of farmland to their natural state.
· Murray was viewed as the natural successor to Henman as Britain's top player.
· Ronaldo is a player of immense natural talent.
(=one you are born with)· His recent experiences had reinforced a strong natural tendency towards caution.
(=a natural urge that all people have)· Every animal has an instinctive urge to survive.
PHRASES FROM THE ENTRYPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► natural-born singer/story-teller etc
- Schwartzkopf's a natural on TV.
- Also, because it is a natural product, its textures may vary from one batch to the next.
- Everyone said-and I listened-that law was a natural for me.
- I'd like it to be natural, spontaneous, not something that requires a special outfit.
- It was natural to dance together.
- It was beauty that was natural and artificial at once, and the blend created this flower child of the Follies.
- Now it is natural to wonder if I had any freedom whatever.
- The Mormon Lake area is a natural for winter sports.
- There wasn't a murmur of disapproval from the drug testers - all the ingredients were natural and contained no chemical stimulants.
- A corollary of this view was that the content of the rules of natural justice could be relatively fired and certain.
- An obvious example would be if it reached a decision in flagrant breach of the rules of natural justice.
- If he perceives that there is a likelihood of bias, the rules of natural justice have been broken. 2.
- Lord Denning restricted the full application of the rules of natural justice on the ground of national security.
- Similarly, a requirement that the expert observe the rules of natural justice could be made a contractual obligation.
- The injunction is important in public law in the context of the rules of natural justice.
- When do the rules of natural justice apply?
- For the Army we are talking about in excess of 10,000 redundancies and much of the other reductions will occur through natural wastage.
- He didn't mind the natural wastage, at all.
- Membership from now on will be by invitation only as existing places become available through natural wastage.
- No, natural wastage, as they call it these days, took care of the decrease.
- Ten of the posts to go will disappear through natural wastage.
- There is a natural wastage of at least five percent on any diet.
- Voluntary redundancies and natural wastage are expected instead of sackings.
- He can live in and accept the natural world, yet his soul lofts upward.
- However we have seen that quantum theory places considerable restraint on a plain man's objectivist view of the natural world.
- In that casual gesture she trampled upon an awesome human achievement and upon great sacrifices contributed by the natural world.
- It is not true that the will to power alone characterises the animal world.
- Similarly, these continuing contests in the natural world were leading to areas which were specialised in their functions.
- The focus today is not the predicted disappearance of order but the abundance of it throughout the natural world.
- We must learn to accept it as a law of the natural world.
WORD FAMILYnounnaturenaturalistnaturalismnaturalizationnaturalnessthe supernaturalnaturalnaturistnaturismadjectivenatural ≠ unnaturalsupernaturalnaturalisticadverbnaturally ≠ unnaturallynaturalisticallysupernaturallyverbnaturalize
1be a natural to be good at doing something without having to try hard or practise: People think I am a natural, but I’ve had to work at it.2technical a)a musical note that has been changed from a flat to be a semitone higher, or from a sharp to be a semitone lower b)the sign in written music that shows this kind of musical note