单词 | smoking |
释义 | smokingsmok‧ing /ˈsməʊkɪŋ $ ˈsmoʊk-/ ●●● S2 noun [uncountable] Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES Thesaurus
Longman Language Activatorto smoke a cigarette, pipe etc► smoke Collocations to breathe in smoke from a cigarette, pipe etc, either from one cigarette etc or regularly: · How old were you when you started smoking?· Do you mind if I smoke?· He sat behind his desk, smoking a fat cigar.· Sue never smoked a cigarette in her life, yet she still got lung cancer.· Anyone who smokes 40 a day can expect to have a lot of health problems. ► smoking the habit or act of smoking: · Some teenage girls think that smoking helps keep their weight down.· Smoking is not allowed in any part of the building.· These days smoking is seen as an anti-social habit.passive smoking (=when you breathe in the smoke from other people's cigarettes): · Roy believed his illness was caused by passive smoking. ► puff on to take small amounts of smoke into your mouth from a cigarette, cigar, or pipe: · He lit a cigar and puffed on it thoughtfully.· They drove in silence, Charlie contentedly puffing on his pipe. ► draw on to breathe in a lot of smoke from a cigarette, pipe etc in one long breath: · She lit her last cigarette, and drew on it slowly. to smoke a lot► smoke a lot/smoke heavily · When we were students, we all used to smoke a lot.· This disease is more common in people who smoke heavily. ► smoke like a chimney British informal to smoke a lot, especially too much: · She's only thirteen and she already smokes like a chimney. ► chain-smoke to smoke one cigarette after another, without a break: · James sat silently through her speech, chain-smoking.· Although he chain-smoked cigarettes, his hands were unstained. someone who smokes► smoker someone who smokes regularly: · The survey shows that most smokers would like to stop smoking.· The average smoker spends about £35 a week on cigarettes. ► heavy smoker someone who regularly smokes a lot: · He had been a heavy smoker all his life and only stopped when his doctor told him to. ► chain-smoker someone who smokes a lot of cigarettes, and who lights another cigarette immediately after finishing one: · I noticed that the thin, nervous man was a chain-smoker. not smoking► don't smoke if you don't smoke , you never smoke cigarettes, pipes etc: · He doesn't smoke or drink.· "Cigarette?'' "No thanks, I don't smoke.'' ► stop smoking also give up smoking especially British /quit smoking, also quit especially American to stop smoking, especially when you make a firm decision that you will not smoke again: · Make a list of all the benefits of stopping smoking, for example better health, fresher breath, and more money.· I'm trying to give up smoking, but it isn't easy.· I didn't gain any weight when I quit smoking. ► non-smoker also nonsmoker American someone who never smokes: · This part of the restaurant is reserved for non-smokers.· Non-smokers get cheaper health insurance. ► no-smoking use this about rules or signs that say people must not smoke in a particular area: · There were big no-smoking signs on all the walls.· The company has a no-smoking policy in all its offices.· Most restaurants and cafes have set aside small no-smoking areas. ► non-smoking use this about places where you are not allowed to smoke: · I asked for a seat in the non-smoking section of the plane. ► smoke-free a restaurant, room etc that is smoke-free does not have any areas where people can smoke: · Most workers prefer a smoke-free environment at the office.· We are calling for all airlines to be smoke-free. to light a cigarette, pipe etc► light to make a cigarette, cigar, or pipe start burning: · The old man struck a match and lit his pipe.· I leaned forward to light her cigarette. ► light up to light a cigarette, pipe etc for yourself: · They're not allowed to smoke at work, so they all light up as soon as they leave.· She lit up another cigarette. ► give somebody a light to give someone a match or let them use your lighter so that they can light their cigarette: · Give us a light, will you?· Henry will give you a light. ► have you got a light? British /do you have a light? American spoken say this to ask someone for a match or a lighter to light your cigarette: · Excuse me, do you have a light? to make a cigarette, pipe etc stop burning► put out to make a cigarette, cigar, or pipe stop burning: put out something: · Bill put out his pipe and stood up to leave.put something out: · Put that cigarette out at once! ► extinguish formal to put out a cigarette, cigar, or pipe - used especially in official notices or announcements: · Passengers are requested to extinguish all cigarettes when the red light goes on. ► stub out to put out a cigarette by pressing the end of it against something: stub out something: · She nervously stubbed out her cigarette, and immediately lit another one.stub something out: · He smoked three cigarettes and stubbed them out in his saucer. when you are not allowed to do something► not be allowed to do something when a person or a rule says that you must not do something: · We're not allowed to wear jewellery at school.· My mom wasn't allowed to wear makeup until she was 16.something is not allowed: · Smoking is not allowed anywhere in the building. ► be forbidden if something is forbidden , you are not allowed to do it. If someone is forbidden to do something, they are not allowed to do it. Be forbidden is more formal than not allowed: · In Saudi Arabia, alcohol and drug use are forbidden.be forbidden to do something: · Prisoners were forbidden to speak to each other while they were working.be strictly forbidden: · The use of mobile phones is strictly forbidden during take-off and landing.forbidden by law: · Teachers were forbidden by law to teach Darwin's theory of evolution. ► can't spoken if you can't do something, you are not allowed to do it: · You can't park here.· Dad says I can't go out tonight. ► no smoking/parking etc used on signs and notices to say that you are not allowed to smoke, park your car etc: · There were 'no smoking' signs in every room.· The gate was locked and the sign said 'No Trespassing'. ► be prohibited/not be permitted formal to be forbidden by a law or rule - used especially on official notices and warnings: · Cars are prohibited in the city centre.· Talking is not permitted in class.· Cameras are prohibited inside the cathedral.· The use of calculators in the test is not permitted.strictly prohibited: · Smoking in the cinema is strictly prohibited. ► be not to do something use this to tell someone that they are not allowed to do something: · You're not to tell anybody about this!· Employees are not to leave their cars in the company parking lot overnight. ► taboo a subject, word, or activity that is taboo is not normally talked about or done because it is considered embarrassing or offensive according to social custom or accepted moral standards: · Sex before marriage is no longer taboo in western countries.taboo subject: · Death is still a taboo subject for many people. WORD SETS► Tobaccoashtray, nounbaccy, nounbriar, nounbutt, nouncheroot, nouncigar, nouncigarette, nouncigarette butt, nouncigarette holder, nouncigarette lighter, nouncigarette paper, nounciggy, noundog-end, noundrag, nounfilter tip, nounlighter, nounmenthol, nounmentholated, adjectivenicotine, nounnicotine patch, nounnon-smoker, nounnon-smoking, adjectivepassive smoking, nounpipe, nounpipe cleaner, nounroll, verbroll-up, nounshag, nounsmoke, nounsmoking, nounsnuff, nounstem, nounstogie, nountab, nountar, nounwater pipe, noun COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► stop/quit/give up smoking Word family I gave up smoking nearly ten years ago. ► passive smoking the risks of passive smoking (=breathing in smoke from other people’s cigarettes) COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► a no-smoking/non-smoking area· The airport terminal is a no-smoking area. ► a smoking area· Employers do not have to provide smoking areas. ► an anti-smoking/anti-bullying etc campaign· How effective has the anti-smoking campaign been? ► cigarette smoking· Everyone knows that cigarette smoking is bad for you. ► smoking pot Michael was smoking pot with some friends. ► burning/blazing/smoking wreckage· He managed to crawl away from the burning wreckage. COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► heavy· It is known, for example, that there are serious risks in heavy smoking during pregnancy. ► maternal· In other studies information on maternal smoking during pregnancy was not available. ► passive· Or it may have been through passive smoking.· This means that several hundred of the 40,000 deaths from lung cancer each year may be caused by passive smoking.· An analysis of the 1987 survey was undertaken to estimate the dose-response relations of height and respiratory symptoms to passive smoking.· The tobacco industry requested that Stivoro be stopped from propagating its position on passive smoking.· Specialist medical evidence in the case showed that he had developed lung cancer as a result of active and passive smoking.· Cotinine in the urine is a reliable indicator that the subject has been exposed to passive smoking.· The authors conclude that the risk of respiratory conditions resulting from passive smoking, although small, is not negligible. 2. NOUN► cigarette· Smoking Cigarette smoking is harmful to you and to your baby.· Conclusions Cigarette smoking is a major cause of arterial disease, whether of the heart, brain or legs.· Heart attacks and lung cancer are directly linked with cigarette smoking.· These days all that seems innocent stuff - occasional cigarette smoking isn't enough for schoolkids in the Nineties.· Lastly, as part of general health care, it is extremely important to discourage cigarette smoking.· The anti-smoking lobby then switched to point out that cigarette smoking was anti-social and could harm friends and family.· Secondly, cigarette smoking might produce a local immunological defect.· Perhaps this is one reason why cigarette smoking is so attractive in adolescence. VERB► cause· Approximately 90% of deaths from lung cancer and bronchitis are caused by smoking.· Yet some diseases caused by smoking have characteristics specific to women.· About a third of deaths caused by smoking occur in people aged under 65.· It kills more people than any other type of cancer and 90% of these deaths are caused by smoking.· This means that several hundred of the 40,000 deaths from lung cancer each year may be caused by passive smoking.· In Northern Ireland, £7.3m was spent on a cancer programme, including treatment for diseases caused by smoking.· Lung cancer Lung cancer kills more people than any other type of cancer and 90% of these deaths are caused by smoking. ► give· However, socioeconomic preconditions and reasons for giving up smoking have not been investigated to the same extent.· For some, giving up smoking may not be easy.· If this were so, giving up smoking would not alter an individual's chance of developing lung cancer.· No one pretends that giving up smoking is easy. ► stop· The most important feature is to stop the patient smoking.· We know that doesn't work very well - it hasn't stopped people smoking.· When he stopped smoking, he put weight on.· Voice over Doctors forecast that only half the people who stopped smoking will still be off cigarettes in a year.· He now says it's nor worth him stopping smoking as the damage has already been done.· Change my image - different hairstyle, younger clothes, stop smoking. 4. WORD FAMILYnounsmokesmoker ≠ non-smokersmokingsmokinessadjectivesmokedsmoking ≠ non-smokingsmokysmokelessverbsmoke the activity of breathing in tobacco smoke from a cigarette, pipe etcstop/quit/give up smoking I gave up smoking nearly ten years ago. The sign says ‘No Smoking’. a no smoking area the risks of passive smoking (=breathing in smoke from other people’s cigarettes) |
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