单词	so
释义	so1 adverbso2 conjunctionso3 noun soso1 /səʊ $ soʊ/ ●●● S1 W1 adverb Word Origin WORD ORIGINso1 Origin: Old English swa Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES So this one's the original, and this one's the copy, right? So, Lisa, how's the new job going? Dave felt comfortable at Mandy's, even more so than in his own home. I felt so sick yesterday. I never knew Rob could sing so well. If you have not sent in your payment yet, please do so immediately. It's too bad that so many kids come from broken homes these days. It all happened so fast. Oh, he must be about so tall. Orange is just so not the right color for Kari. Thank you so much! That puppy is so cute! The dresses were lovely, and the colours were so pretty. What's so bad about getting a B in math? You've been so kind. I hope I can repay you some day. EXAMPLES FROM THE CORPUS But you were not always so committed to this constitutional process. Finally, there is the secrecy and confidentiality which is so typical of public bureaucracies. How had it gotten so black out? I start out slowly so I can take everything in. Not so, it was suggested. Something about his smarmy attitude makes me want to shake him so hard his collarbone breaks. The drizzle was so fine that it amounted to fog and he had to drive slowly. With so many organizational changes, it is understandable that they are having problems. Thesaurus Longman Language Activatorwhat you say to tell someone that you are sorry► so use this to say that someone does something or something happens as a result of something else: · There was nothing on TV, so I decided to go to bed.· The rest of the week I'm busy, I'm afraid, so it'll have to be Monday.· The shop doesn't open until 11am and so it loses a lot of business. ► therefore so - use this in formal speech and writing: · The building work is taking quite a long time, and therefore costing us money.· Jewish weddings are both religious and civil. Therefore two official applications for marriage are necessary. ► so big/tall/old etc (that) use this to say that because someone or something is very big, tall etc, something happens as a result: · I was so busy today that I didn't have time for lunch.· He always thought he was so good looking that no woman would turn him down. ► such a bad day/an old car/a tall man etc (that) use this to say that because it is a very bad day, a very old car etc something happens or someone does something as a result: · It was such a nice day that we decided to go for a picnic.· The dress was such a bargain, I had to buy it.· Paul remained silent for such a long time that we were beginning to wonder if he'd fallen asleep. ► so that/with the result that use this to say that because of a particular situation, another situation exists or happens. With the result that is more formal than so that: · His hair was very long and covered his eyes, so that you could hardly see his face.· A car pulled out right in front of me, so that I had to slam on the brakes.· The company paid excellent salaries and provided good working conditions, with the result that its employees were of a very high standard. ► as a result/consequently use this to say that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true. Consequently is more formal than as a result: · I had made a lot of contacts, and had good job opportunities as a result.· The virus attacks the plant, the flower does not open, and consequently no seeds are produced. ► then use this to say what you would expect the result of an action or situation to be: · ''My father's quite laid back.'' ''Then he won't mind if you borrow his car, will he?''· "I'm full up.'' "Does that mean you don't want any dessert then?'' approximately a number or amount► about a little more or a little less than a number, amount, distance, or time: · It should cost about $1500.· The church is about a mile away.· It's been about five years since I've seen Linda.· The chance of men being born colourblind is about 1 in 12. ► approximately a little more or a little less than a number, amount, distance, or time. Approximately is a little more formal than about and is used especially in written English: · Approximately 30% of the community is Polish.· Each disk stores approximately 144 pages of text. ► roughly approximately - used especially when you are trying to give someone a general idea of the number or amount: · A new kitchen would cost roughly $6,000.· The man was roughly my own age.· There were roughly 50 people there. ► or so : 3 days/a minute/fifteen people etc or so approximately 3 days, a minute etc, or perhaps even more: · The baby usually sleeps for an hour or so after breakfast.· He suggested that I take a week or so off work.· There must be thirty people or so in the class. ► odd informal spoken: a hundred/forty/thirty etc odd use this after numbers in tens, hundreds, or thousands: · "How old do you think he is?'' "Oh, I don't know. Seventy odd.''· It's been 30 odd years since I last saw him. ► give or take spoken: give or take a few miles/a couple of minutes/a pound etc use this when saying approximately what a number or amount is, when it may be a few miles more or less, a few minutes more or less etc: · The village is about fifty miles north of here, give or take a few miles.· He's said to be worth $26 million, give or take a few million.· "How long will the meeting last?" "A couple of hours, give or take." ► at a guess spoken approximately, especially when you do not know the correct number or amount and are guessing what it is: · At a guess, I'd say around 3000 people took part in the demonstration.· It was a cold night. About two or three degrees at a guess.· "How much will it cost?" "A hundred and twenty pounds, at a guess." ways of saying goodbye► goodbye/bye spoken say this when you are leaving or when someone is leaving you. Bye is more informal than goodbye: · "Goodbye, Mrs Moore.'' "Goodbye, Dr Aziz.''· Goodbye, Louise. See you soon.· Thank you for calling. Goodbye.· "Bye, Annie.'' "Bye, Mom,'' she said, kissing her mother on the cheek.bye for now (=say this to a friend who you will see again soon): · I've got some stuff to do. Maybe we can have a drink or something later tonight. Anyway, bye for now. ► see you also see you later/see you around spoken informal use this to say goodbye to a friend you will see again soon: · See you, Darren.· Bye, Dad. I'll see you later.· You're still coming to the party tonight, aren't you? Good. See you later then.· She turned at the gate and waved. "See you around, Billy.''see you tomorrow/in the morning/at the club etc: · "See you in the morning,'' she said as she closed the door.· "We'll be back early next week." "Okay. See you then."see you soon: · Safe trip back guys and we'll see you soon. ► later/catch you later especially American, spoken use this to say goodbye to a friend you will see again soon. Later and catch you later are used especially by young people: · Catch you later, Matt. · "Later, Mike." "Later, Steve." ► so long American spoken use this to say goodbye to someone you do not expect to meet again for a long time: · "So long,'' he said. "Don't forget to write.''· She grabbed Nick by the shoulders and hugged him affectionately. "So long, Nick.'' ► have a nice day/good weekend/great time etc spoken say this when you are saying good bye to someone to wish them a good day, a good weekend, a good holiday etc: · Have a nice weekend.· Have a great time at the concert, you guys! ► have a good one American spoken say this when you are saying goodbye to someone to wish them a nice day: · "I'm off to work." "Alright, have a good one." ► take care spoken use this to say goodbye to family or friends: · "All right, Pat. Take care." "You too, Sally. Bye bye."· Take care and we'll talk to you soon. ► take it easy American spoken use this to say goodbye to a friend or member of your family: · "See you next week." "Yeah, take it easy." ► nice to meet you/nice meeting you spoken say this when you are going to leave someone who you have just met for the first time: · Well, it was nice meeting you guys.· "It was nice to meet you, Paul." "Nice to meet you too, Joanne." when a law court decides that someone is innocent► to do something · She went to the bank to get some money.· Salt is spread on roads in cold weather to prevent the formation of ice.· To lose weight, you must eat sensibly.· You didn't come all that way just to see me, did you?so as not to do something · When I get home late I sleep in the spare room, so as not to disturb my wife. ► in order to do something done so that something else happens as a result, or necessary if something else is to be possible: · Many drug users get involved in crime simply in order to pay for their supplies of cocaine and heroin.· In order to be a doctor, you have to study for six years.in order not to do something: · In order not to offend anyone, I did not tell them the real reason for my visit. ► so (that) if you do something so that you or another person can do something else, you do it in order to make the other thing possible: · She's studying English at night school so that she can go to university.· I'll move my car so you can get into the garage.· Steps must be taken so that this kind of disaster never happens again. ► for if you do something for something, you do it for a particular purpose: · She's gone into hospital for a check-up.· I went into the store for some tomatoes and came out with two bags of groceries.· We climbed up here for the view, and also because we wanted to get some exercise. ► with the aim of doing something if you do something with the aim of doing something else, you do it in order to try and achieve this: · The Green Party was started with the aim of protecting the environment.· I originally went out to the Far East with the aim of setting up my own import-export business. ► with a view to doing something if you do something with a view to doing something else, you do it because you are planning to do something else later and this will help you to achieve it: · We bought the cottage with a view to settling down there after retirement.· The idea was to pool resources with a view to lowering operating costs. very much► a lot very much: · She's changed a lot since she's been here.· "How does your arm feel?" "It still hurts a lot."· I like her a lot, but I don't think I'm in love with her.a lot better/worse/bigger/more etc: · Their new house is a lot bigger than their old one.· The tickets were a lot more expensive than we expected.a whole lot/an awful lot: · I like the people a whole lot, but the pay isn't very good. ► very much use this especially to talk about people's feelings: · "Do you like living in Rome?" "Yes, very much."like/admire/miss etc somebody very much: · Lara liked being at college, but she missed her family very much.like/enjoy something very much: · We enjoyed the play very much - it was really well done.very much wish/hope/doubt etc formal: · I doubt very much that he'll still be here in November. ► a good/great deal formal very much - use this especially to talk about changes, improvements, or differences: · Her work has improved a good deal over the past year.· By the next morning the swelling had already gone down a great deal.a good/great deal better/worse/bigger/more etc: · The situation was a good deal worse than we had first thought. ► quite a bit /a fair bit British by a fairly large degree: · She's quite a bit shorter than I remembered.· Jim has improved quite a bit since he came home from the hospital.· The estimates were a fair bit higher than what the final figure was. ► really especially spoken a lot - use this especially to talk about your feelings: · I really like your new haircut.· We really enjoy having a few friends over for dinner every once in a while.· What really annoys me is the way he never apologizes when he's late. ► greatly formal a lot: · We greatly regret having caused you so much trouble and inconvenience.· The recent talks have greatly improved relations between North and South Korea.· I think we have all benefited greatly from Helen's knowledge and experience.be greatly affected/amused/influenced etc: · The students were greatly amused by Professor Unwin's remark.· Critics say that the report's figures are greatly exaggerated. ► so much use this especially when you are saying how much you love, want, or admire something or someone: · It's two years since Tony died. I miss him so much.· I wanted so much to go with him, but he wouldn't let me come.· Wordsworth returned to the lakes and hills that he loved so much.so much better/worse/more etc: · I really like the living room arranged this way so much better than the way we used to have it. ► much use this in questions and negatives and in comparisons and before phrases with 'too': · Has he changed much?· "Did you enjoy the show?" "Not much."much better/worse/bigger/more etc: · You get a much better view if you stand on a chair.· His family is much more important to him than his career.much too big/old/tall etc: · The test was much too difficult for most of the students.· You're working much too hard, and you're letting the boss take advantage of you. ► enormously/tremendously use this to emphasize that you mean 'very much': · His English has improved tremendously.· I admire your mother enormously.· Prices can vary enormously from state to state.· Since the law was changed, the number of credit unions has grown tremendously. ► significantly use this when you are talking about a change or difference that is big enough to be important: · In New York and Los Angeles violent crime decreased significantly.· All ovens are different, and cooking times can vary significantly.significantly higher/lower/more etc: · Students who had completed the program scored significantly higher on standardized tests. until now► so far until now - use this when you are talking about a situation that will continue or develop after this time: · There haven't been any problems so far.· This is the hottest day we've had so far this summer.· We've raised twelve thousand dollars so far, and we expect to reach our goal by the end of next week. ► still use this to say that a situation which started in the past continues to exist now, especially when this is surprising: · He's been studying French for five years, and still can't speak the language.· Are you still going out with that guy you met at Heather's party? ► yet use this in questions or negative statements, to talk or ask about things that you expected to happen before now: · Has the new washing machine arrived yet?· I haven't been to the new exhibit yet, but I hope to this weekend.· "Have you finished your homework?" "Not yet." ► up to now/until now use this about a situation which has existed until now, but which has started to change or will change in the future: · He hasn't gotten much time off from work up to now, so he's really looking forward to his vacation.· Until now, there has been no effective treatment for this disease. ► up to the present day/until the present day from a time in the past until modern times: · These two companies have dominated the industry from the end of World War II until the present day.· The beauty of Yosemite has inspired artists from Bierstadt's time right up to the present day. very► very · Juan is a very good dancer.· Your house is very different from the way I'd imagined it.· "Was it a good movie?" "Yes, very."· This meeting is very important, so be on time.· During our time working together I got to know her very well.· Everything was happening very quickly, and I don't remember it all.· The ambassador made a brief statement, saying that the talks had been very productive. ► really especially spoken use this especially to talk about your feelings or what you think about something: · It's really cold out there.· I'm always really hungry by noon.· That's a really pretty dress - where did you get it?· Considering this was your first time, I think you did really well. ► highly formal very - use this only with particular adjectives: highly dangerous/toxic/flammable: · Danger: highly flammable materials!highly skilled/educated/ trained/intelligent: · Our engineers are highly skilled and very difficult to replace when they leave.highly likely/unlikely/probable/doubtful/suspicious: · I think it's highly unlikely that Bob had anything to do with the theft.highly successful/productive: · She arrived in Australia as a refugee, but went on to become a highly successful lawyer. ► deeply use this to describe very strong or very sincere feelings: · We are all deeply saddened by Bill's sudden death.· The ceremony was short but deeply moving.· Senator McCain is deeply committed to campaign finance reform.· I want you to know how deeply grateful I am for everything you've done for me.· Local residents are deeply concerned about the threat to health posed by the power station. ► real American spoken very: · I think it was real sweet that she called me herself.· The sidewalk was real wet and slippery.· He got up real close to the bear and took a picture. ► so use this to emphasize how you feel about something: · It all happened so fast.· You've been so kind. I hope I can repay you some day.· The dresses were lovely, and the colours were so pretty.· That puppy is so cute! ► one especially American, spoken use this to emphasize a description of someone or something: · She's one crazy lady!· That's one fancy car you've got there. ► decidedly definitely or in a way that is easily noticed: · The weather had turned decidedly chilly.· The play has received decidedly negative reviews. ► quite especially British use this with words that mean 'excellent': · Thank you, Gloria. That meal was quite delicious!· The concert was quite wonderful. I'm sorry you couldn't make it. Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► ever so British English They’re being ever so quiet. ► so not  He is just so not the right person for her. ► such a · There is not such a big difference. ► such · How can such awful things happen? ► so do I/so is he/so would Peter etc  Joe was a little upset, and so was I. He’s been ill, and so has his wife. As the demand rises, so do prices. ► hope so/think so/say so etc  ‘Will I need my umbrella?’ ‘I don’t think so.’ If you want to go home, just say so. ► be more so/less so/too much so  The band is popular and likely to become more so. Jerry is very honest, perhaps too much so. ► do so  The troops will not advance until ordered to do so. ► if so  Did Luke sell them? And, if so, what happened to the money? ► So they say  ‘Has he lost a fortune?’ ‘So they say.’ ► So I see  ‘Look – I’ve even cleaned the windows.’ ‘So I see.’ ► if ... so wish  Parents can withdraw their child from school if they so wish. ► Is that so  ‘It belongs to my father.’ ‘Is that so?’ ► isn’t so  Morton says his parents kicked him out, but his brothers say this isn’t so. ► as ... as · Your writing is as bad as mine. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► I’m afraid so  ‘Is she very ill?’ ‘I’m afraid so (=yes).’ ► felt so alone  I cried like a child because I felt so alone. ► so it would appear (=used when saying that something seems to be true, although you are not completely sure) ‘Have they gone?’ ‘So it would appear.’ ► believe so (=think that something is true) ‘Have they arrived yet?’ ‘Yes, I believe so.’ ► A dozen or so  A dozen or so (=about 12) cars were parked near the entrance. ► especially so  A depreciation of the dollar would make US exports cheaper and especially so in Japan. ► a so-called expert (=someone who says they are an expert, but who you do not respect very much)· There are many so-called experts willing to tell you how to bring up your children. ► It ... happened so fast  It all happened so fast I didn’t even notice I was bleeding. ► I fear so/I fear not  ‘Were they satisfied?’ ‘I fear not.’ ► ‘What’s so funny?’  His laughter stopped her mid-sentence. ‘What’s so funny?’ she demanded. ► so I hear/so I’ve heard spoken (=used to say that you have been told something or know it already) There’s a nasty infection going round, so I hear. ► not so hot/not very hot informal (=not very good) Some of the tracks on the record are great, but others are not so hot. ► if so  Is the book available, and if so, where? ► feel so inclined  You can visit our chat rooms, if you feel so inclined. ► for so long  I haven’t seen her for so long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like. ► so many  There are so many things we disagree about. ► so much  We’re looking forward to your visit so much. ► so much  It was such a small thing to have caused so much trouble. ► a mile or so  There’s a motel a mile or so down the road (=about a mile or possibly a little more). ► I presume so  ‘Are his parents still alive?’ 'I presume so.’ ► resemble nothing so much as something (=look or seem rather like something)· The building resembled nothing so much as giant beehive. ► say so · If you don’t know the answer, don’t be afraid to say so. ► so it seems (=it seems to be true) ‘So Bill’s leaving her?’ ‘So it seems.’ ► ever so slightly  He leaned forward ever so slightly. ► I suppose so  ‘Aren’t you pleased?’ ‘Yes, I suppose so.’ ► I suppose so  ‘Can we come with you?’ ‘Oh, I suppose so.’ ► so tired (that)  I’m so tired I could sleep for a week. ► Without so much as  Without so much as a word of thanks, Ben turned and went back into the office (=he did not even say thank you as he should have done). COLLOCATIONS FROM THE CORPUSADJECTIVE► bad · And the weather outside sounded so bad that it seemed wise to stay as she was a little longer.· I iced him so bad when he bossed me, he might never be back.· Not so bad really, eh?· My handwriting is so bad now that a computer is absolutely necessary for me.· As for United, 1-0 doesn't sound so bad, but the players know its nowhere near good enough.· Get the moment he first heard the news or observed the thing which made him feel so bad.· Ben's injuries were so bad he needed regular check-ups for six months.· They pretended things were not so bad. ► far · The Schlieffen Plan as implemented in 1914 had been the most grandiose product so far of this cast of thought.· Consider each one separately and try to apply the guidelines and hints that have been offered so far.· Blackburn Rovers have spent £10 million so far and seem willing to lash out even more on overpriced players.· Stuart must have rung my boudoir and learned how the telephone is answered in about fifteen languages so far.· Operation Desert Storm, by contrast, seems so far to have been supplied without a hitch - thanks to computers.· Documentary proof of 147 deaths had been found so far.· I think they've had it easy so far. ► good · I am thinking particularly of one of the Bushmen you knew who was so good at imitating a professor.· Johnny and Carmen are sweethearts, but Carmen loves Zander, because he looks so good in uniform.· She's now so good at them, that the Magic Circle's just made her its youngest member.· The Super Bowl should be so good.· But Tommy was so good natured about everything and he would sally forth and start asking people where his strays might be.· Everything is so good for me now.· I don't think the interview would have been so good with a younger man.· The first time I got outside I almost cried because it felt so good. ► great · The migration is so great that the countryside looks almost emptied.· Their bomb load was so great and dangerous that the slightest error would have been suicidal.· Never before has the attraction of a career in golf been so great.· Her Wells routine is so great.· The rights assigned to the empire by these jurists were so great that many cities refused to acknowledge them.· The differences between the East and West are not so great now.· The problem was so great, it dragged him asleep.· But Janice's fear was so great she struggled through two more migraines before screwing up enough courage to try the injection. ► hard · If only the bar wasn't brought down quite so hard on everyone's head.· In patients who have fought so hard and been through so much, I sometimes say they just lost their reserve.· He struck me hard, very hard, so hard that I still feel it, across the face.· There are six other members of the team who have worked so hard to get to this moment.· He hauled the front door open so hard that when it hit the stop the stained-glass panel shattered.· I almost lost it-I almost lost control of the business I had worked so hard to build.· If your voice wasn't so hard and loud and ugly.· They could have been even shorter, except encouraging signs have been so hard to come by for the Warriors this preseason. ► long · But he took so long to make his point, the Speaker intervened.· The punditocracy in our country has been so one-sided for so long that we hardly notice the routine tilt anymore.· Chapman had at last got the player he had wanted for so long.· No country should be so long without one.· As far as she knew, Griselda had never been away so long before.· The subject never developed much traction so long as it was a rhetorical rather than legislative goal.· Why has it taken so long to find a buyer?· Inexperience with people was probably the reason it took Jennifer so long to catch on. ► low · Probably because even she had not expected him to sink so low.· Or did the threshold of success have to be put so low that it represented something self-defeating?· Her blouse was scooped so low at the front that it left her shoulders and upper arms bare.· His chin was down so low it seemed about to touch it.· Since they were erupted so low down, it was not long before the rivers of lava were flowing through inhabited areas.· His voice was so low that it tickled my tailbone.· But that's all changed now, the credibility of dotcoms is so low among investors that companies are shedding the suffix.· The savings rate is so low and the money available to create jobs is not there. ► small · Dances were absolute torture, because I was so small and because my hands sweated a lot.· The railing is wobbly, the space is so small that it is suitable only for one person.· It is so small and mobile that it could easily be hidden, and it can carry nuclear or conventional warheads.· Mrs Stowe was a woman so small that her growth seemed to have been arrested in childhood.· We concluded that as Molly was so small, nobody had noticed her.· Billie was so small in his arms, his heart broke for her smallness.· Everything looked so small, almost mean, in the tiny front living room.· And all the Fisherexaggerated traits remain in lekking species as well because the cost of choosing is so small. VERB► become · Perhaps he didn't understand why I'd become so angry and distant.· In 1955 it became so dangerous it had to be dynamited.· He could not think what had happened for things to have become so out of hand.· The cold in the building became so intense that he awoke one morning with feet and hands that were purplish and numb.· I was becoming so tense that my head, neck and even my eyes were always so painful.· If you are not Webwise, we suggest you take active steps to become so.· The assault on the bus is all the more terrifying, because it has become so commonplace. ► do · He only do so much amount of work and that was it.· Others noted the armed forces could have said publicly they were backing the elected president but declined to do so.· As they do so, be sure they notice the weights on the crane which balance the heavy loads.· Established wings struggled to do so, and failures were not uncommon.· To do so is very costly.· He had earlier pledged he would not do so.· To do so, however, we had to be examined by the board of deacons.· This is not to say that our soldiers, sailors and airmen have not comported themselves bravely when asked to do so. ► feel · And he had felt so light, so sure-footed, so approved, so anchored.· The first time I got outside I almost cried because it felt so good.· I felt so nearly in complete control.· It felt so ... Something for you?· So long, too, since Masakayan was made to feel so out of shape.· Can't you see how I'd feel so degraded?· I had not felt so nice since I was twelve. ► happen · Your mind and body feel great sensations and it happens so quickly.· The president has rightly said that the bill will likely die if delayed, as has happened so often in the past.· Perhaps if it hadn't happened so handily by chance, he would have engineered a meeting.· But so happen, one little boy not so good.· So much had happened so fast, and the man she loved was so far away.· But it just so happened that Trondur said no.· She heard Ana scream her name but it had all happened so fast that she was stunned.· It so happens that I have all those breeds. ► hope · I've heard they are quite beautiful, and I hope so.· Well, I hope so, and not just because my own wardrobe is decidedly denim dominated.· I hope so, because residential homes are places where people become cut off from family life and the outside world.· I hope so, but...· It was what they had expected of University, but had not hoped so soon to find.· He did so hope I was not bored with country life.· I hope so, and if I can contribute something to that culture change I shall be glad to do so.· Perhaps he'd even hoped so, poor chap. ► look · We must have looked so gormless; we certainly looked it in our passport photos.· It makes her look so pitiful.· She uses lightener to keep her hair looking so fabulous and natural looking.· Never had the old pigman looked so fancy.· Never had any man so looked down his nose at her.· So many of the men looked so young to be traveling that road to perdition.· Potter is staring because Keith looks so dishevelled, as if he hadn't slept or even combed his hair.· But don't look so worried, lass. ► seem · It seems so right somehow, as if it's my duty.· She was so far from home, and she seemed so isolated.· He seemed so attentive, so clued in to my every word, that I suddenly found the confidence to go on.· It was a genuinely selfless act, which I recount only because at the time it seemed so incredible.· Carolyn was picking up on the movements of the three women, which had seemed so mysteriously random at first.· It is the inexorable quality of differentness which seems so evil here.· Ten years ago now yet seeming so much more.· It seemed so unlike his own withdrawn, tentative inclusion in the life around him. ► think · For my part I very much think so.· Do you all think so much of that?· No, well, I don't think so.· Female speaker Maybe somebody might spot me, but I don't think so.· Female speaker I don't think so.· The citizens of some post-communist countries have reason to think so.· Startling the commuter is a game in which it is best to think so. Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► be not so much ... as ...► not/without so much as something So far in Rajasthan, I had not so much as nodded to another female. He had never had a day of sickness, not so much as a cold. How could we have put their bag into ours without so much as a single check? I, who had traveled all that long day on that train without so much as a cheese in my pocket? It is a matter of tone, not so much as content. That he had dumped her without a word, without so much as a goodbye. We got our six appearances, and not so much as one drop-by or mix-and-mingle extra. When they go straight to bed without so much as ordering a toasted sandwich or spending money at the bar. ► so long!► not so ... as ...► so much for somebody/something So much for getting up early every morning. I can't get it off the pan - so much for it being nonstick. Thank you so much for coming. Thank you so much for your encouragement in the past. That diagnosis is not so much for therapeutic reasons as for administrative and management purposes. The boys have been lovely and Kenneth has done so much for me. The method she resorted to was novel, not so much for the times but for her. Together with the right kind of support we could have fun together and achieve so much for ourselves and our diocese. We take the railways so much for granted. ► only so many/much There's only so much you can do with hair this fine. A human being can undergo only so many changes and take in only so many experiences. I think there was only so much fun to go round, only so much and no more available. It told him it was grass, and grass could hide only so much. The greens were rougher then, and there was only so much good putting you could do on them. The truth is there is only so much preparation you can do. There's only so much you can cling to - your credibility, your belief in small cottage industries - whatever. ► like so Then turn the paper over and fold it, like so. ► not so big/good/bad etc But so happen, one little boy not so good. But it's not so bad down here. Compared to how I feel, how I look is not so bad. It is not so good at knowing how to do it. My tongue not so good anyway. She began to think that perhaps village life was not so bad. Some years it was bad, other years not so bad. When he was hot, he was hot, but for me the whole thing was not so good. ► and so on/forth A central zone leads to other areas where you can test yourself, gain information, do puzzles and so on. And so on and so on, the critiques having merit but missing the point. Asteroids contain a variety of rare radioactive isotopes of potassium, uranium, thorium, rubidium, and so on. I also become more mentally sensitive to social problems, the ills of the world and so on. It would have to be done very quietly and so forth and so on. Symbols are things that bear some resemblance to what they represent: drawings, silhouettes, and so forth. ► and so So it was in Karachi last week and so it was at Lord's last summer. Jack is down and so is Fogarty, so put on your kicking shoes, folks. Please would we list our safety equipment, the radio, the distress beacon, and so forth? Streptomycin is more stable than penicillin and so it was easier to isolate and manufacture. The coats of many puppies may be less profuse than that of adults, and so grooming will be more straight forward. Then it started on Cumbrian limestone, blossomed to Lakeland quarries and so, finally, to Raven Crag. This helps develop expertise, resources, and competition in the private sector and so facilitates the development of commercial services. We were supplied quite often with water, C rations, and so forth. ► so she is/so there are etc► be just/exactly so Everything has to be just so at Maxine's dinner parties. But this turned out to be just so much more Super Bowl hype. Flashman is just so bitter - he's blaming us, but we just wanted our money above aboard. I was just so furious that I swept out in high dudgeon. I was just so pumped up to do good. I went downstairs, I was just so struck by musicians and live music. If it was a microcap fund it would be different because there are just so many microcap stocks you can buy. Now, nations are just so many men like these. There were just so many animals around. ► so be it If we have to break the rules, then so be it. If so was it as bad as it sounded on the radio? If he was to be a martyr to this strange woman's caprices, then so be it. If I must sacrifice a few moments in the interests of subsequent peace and quiet, so be it. If something happens, so be it. If they continue to win, so be it. If they were misunderstood, so be it. If this makes me a churchgoer, then so be it. Just as educational opportunity is differentiated on the basis of socio-economic background, so is it on the basis of gender. ► I do so/it is so etc► so?► be so But he was so strong he might have taken the whole bunch of us. But when I ran away from the orphanage, I was so nearly trapped again. Dilip was so angry I was afraid he might have a heart attack. He evidently thought his life was so valuable that some one would surely save it even at the cost of the supreme sacrifice. I have to take it a little at a time, it is so powerful. The dwellings will be so designed to provide a satisfactory level of privacy for adjoining residential properties. 3. What is there to celebrate and explore when my life is so grim? Which is precisely why the new data on women and drinking is so frustrating. ► ... or soPHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► so/as far as I am aware► not too/so bad The roads weren't too bad. At first, things were not so bad. Compared to how I feel, how I look is not so bad. She began to think that perhaps village life was not so bad. The Ky is not too bad. The policing here is not so bad. The Vatican, I must say, is not too bad when it is full and the resonance is reduced. The weather was not too bad. We played really well and while the other contenders still had to play each other, our run-in was not too bad. ► so much the better If it makes illegal drug use even more difficult, so much the better. You can use dried parsley, but if you have fresh, so much the better. And if I am Peter, so much the better. And if that can change things, so much the better Female speaker He's the little man having a kick. But if I can manage with fewer trips to the store, so much the better. If love eventually grows, so much the better. If they are alive so much the better, but they can be persuaded to take dead ones. If they can fit in with the room's general style, so much the better. If we can improve the team another way, so much the better. So a single fluorescent tube will be adequate, and if you have used floating plants, so much the better. ► make/be so bold (as to do something)► if I may be so bold And what, if I may be so bold, is the meaning of this note? ► (and) deservedly so It received universally ecstatic reviews, and deservedly so. Nandina is long favored, and deservedly so. The move up to verse can be ineffective, deservedly so. The next day, the press criticism was withering, deservedly so. ► even so She had only seen Matthew Godden once before, but even so she recognized him instantly. The fines for speeding are large, but even so, they are not always a deterrent. Try to run on a soft surface, such as grass. Even so, you may start having knee problems. And yet even so, holy and awesome though they were, they kept the mark of what they had sprung from. But even so, the original pledge was to get 24 countries into the programme, not 20. Some people may remain well but even so they are able to infect others. The lesson: it is, even so, never too late to act. The people could not have been more charming but even so I sensed an undercurrent of suspicion. The trumpets shall sound and the Lord shall descend even so it is. This he freely admitted, although, even so, neither he nor Mama would ever reveal what his real name was. Yet even so, the United States still leads most industrialized countries in teenage pregnancies, abortions and childbearing. ► ever so cold/wet/nice etc► go so far/as far as to do something► so far I think he's done a great job so far. There haven't been any problems so far. This is the hottest day we've had so far this summer. We've raised twelve thousand dollars so far, and we expect to reach our goal by the end of next week. And so far Conservative strategy has been anything but effective. Because he was so far ahead in his first year, he spent his time on other things. However, the military were not having much success so far. On the other hand, the technology plainly is not ready; so far, the tests have been embarrassing. Our final rehearsal before Farnham, however, delivered the cruellest blow so far. Selman has sold off two-thirds of his herd so far. The treatment so far had been innocuous: quinine pills and injections of alum water. There were times that Iverson was so far down the court that Mutombo didn't make it to halfcourt. ► so far so good "How's your new job?" "So far so good." ► as/so far as I’m concerned► as/so far as something is concerned► as/so far as I know/I can remember/I can tell/I can see etc► in so far as/insofar as/in as far as► not so fast Not so fast! You'll scrape the paint! Not so fast, guys. One win doesn't make a championship season. Both were expanding their departments as well, though not so fast as Ranieri. But not so fast, or so the town of Oro Valley decided August 30. It's also big, but not so fast or user-friendly despite its curious system of organizing bits into folders. ► and so forth The study included women of different ages, races and so forth. And she thought, oh, maybe she was just overtired, and so forth. By uh by listing factors and so forth. He must choose a diet, exercise, relaxation, and so forth. Motion precedes quiescence, which in turn precedes motion, which in turn precedes quiescence, and so forth. Please would we list our safety equipment, the radio, the distress beacon, and so forth? Satan has sovereignties and powers and so forth working for him as well. Try Yahoo listings of organizations and so forth, and Google for mentions on Web pages. You browse the Web daily for ideas and download interesting articles from newspapers, magazines and so forth. ► I guess so/not "She wasn't happy?" "I guess not." Dope, is it? I guess so. ► not half as/so good/interesting etc (as somebody/something)► as it happens/it just so happens► so help me (God) A police station, so help me, is a piece of the action. But, so help me ... I have done nothing! ► I should hope so (too)► I hope so "So you're going to the Amazon?" "I hope so." I thought so. I hoped so. Right. I hope so, yeah. Was it worth it? I hope so. Will he get the chance to step up? I hope so. ► I don’t feel too hot/so hot/very hot► how so? "The scriptures make it perfectly clear." "Oh, how so?" Have you noticed how so many adverts for chocolate are aimed at girls? He does not entirely explain how so many people could lift off so quickly into the deal-making stratosphere. I do not understand how so many Black men stay sane, look after their children and strive to walk beside them. I repeated the details of how so many of Green's family had been murdered at Auschwitz. ► just so Her house always has to be just so. Because is just so expensive and you know, food attracts residents. Did you write to me just so I could agree with you? He presses just so hard, no harder. It just so happens that this region includes the heartland of Charles the Bald's kingdom. Life can last just so long, you understand. Tamayo swears he comes in at 8 a. m. every day just so he can work out. There were just so many animals around. ► would you be kind enough to do something/be so kind as to do something► without so much as a by your leave► like this/that/so Aye, some boys will be like that. But it was not always like this. Geniculate, at first glimpse, is something like that. He was an associate of Neuhaus, and like that legendary figure imparted the richest sense of cultural and human ideals. How typical of Iris to think of such a detail at a time like this. It goes like this: 1. Nothing even remotely like this had ever happened to her before, and she didn't like it. ► so long "So long,'' he said. "Don't forget to write.'' She grabbed Nick by the shoulders and hugged him affectionately. "So long, Nick.'' All those words he had hoarded for so long and released so grudgingly. As we look at this reply, it is clear why psychotherapy often takes so long. Dunn's mouth was open so long that it dried inside and he could not swallow or salivate. Just so long as there are decent shows either side of it. The reality was long ago - oh so long ago! They also maintained that it would be impossible to hold fair trials so long after the alleged crimes had been committed. Things were going on for so long that I thought he would stay here and things would be settled. To wait so long for a clean cup of water was beyond me. ► as/so long as As long as you're just sitting there, come help me with the groceries. Pam stayed awake as long as she could. You can go as long as you're home for dinner. At the least, officials said, the move will postpone implementation of the program for as long as six months. Fortunately Scott was reasonably obedient as long as some one kept a close watch over him. His fame will remain undiminished as long as the game of cricket is played. It's quite possible you won't even realise this, so long as you each mirror the same changes. It is not a wasted experience as long as it can be purged of negative overtones. This is three times as long as the Canon's heads, so I haven't included replacements in the page costs. Wet wood can recover as long as it dries out relatively quickly. Why did they not know that as long as they did not speak, he was all right? ► I/you should be so lucky! Sleep past 6 a.m.? I should be so lucky! ► if you don’t mind my saying so/if you don’t mind me asking► not so much ... as ...► not/without so much as something I never received so much as a reply. The car survived the accident without so much as a dent. He had never had a day of sickness, not so much as a cold. How could we have put their bag into ours without so much as a single check? I, who had traveled all that long day on that train without so much as a cheese in my pocket? It is a matter of tone, not so much as content. So far in Rajasthan, I had not so much as nodded to another female. That he had dumped her without a word, without so much as a goodbye. We got our six appearances, and not so much as one drop-by or mix-and-mingle extra. When they go straight to bed without so much as ordering a toasted sandwich or spending money at the bar. ► so much for something So much for 3.75% Profit Share figures and so much for staff motivation. Thank you so much for coming. Thank you so much for your encouragement in the past. That diagnosis is not so much for therapeutic reasons as for administrative and management purposes. The boys have been lovely and Kenneth has done so much for me. The method she resorted to was novel, not so much for the times but for her. Together with the right kind of support we could have fun together and achieve so much for ourselves and our diocese. We take the railways so much for granted. ► so near and yet so far► never so much as I do everything for him, and he's never so much as made me a cup of coffee. Clarisa had never so much as dusted his butt with baby powder. He never so much as twitched. Naturally he had never so much as whispered this phrase to a living soul. Tesla was told firmly that he must never so much as mention the subject of alternating current. They passed a hundred yards away and never so much as changed course to take a closer look. ► every so often Every so often we go down to the beach. Every so often, Frank looked up at me and smiled. The silence was broken every so often by the sound of guns in the distance. And every so often a transvestite would swagger past, some more obvious than others. I come and visit him every so often. I followed Mundin into the shed, turning every so often and glowering at Fifi, who trailed behind us. It looked as though it weighed a ton and seemed to quiver every so often. It will do that every so often on your birthday. The every so often it was mopped, the every so often sprayed. They talked in a close huddle and every so often would both turn round and look at me. ► quite/quite so At Carville, things were not quite so stark. In fact, my recent diet hadn't been quite so reckless. It's not quite so good the second time around, never mind the fourth or fifth. It was all right walking in the mountains but not quite so safe-looking to drive. Mental programming, of course, does not have to be quite so extreme. No hotel service could be quite so crass. The people might be made to kneel, but the elements were not quite so easy to muzzle. The voices of the neighborhood teenagers are not quite so shrill. ► and rightly so We were blamed, and rightly so, for this mess. For the most part, criteria of critical reasoning are internal to disciplines or professional fields, and rightly so. It will undoubtedly be one for public debate, and rightly so. Many organizations see this as a blind leap of faith, and rightly so. Such an arrangement would probably be considered out of the question today, and rightly so. Symphony No. 88 has always been a favourite and rightly so, as well as the Oxford, helped by its nickname. The Bolshevik reputation stood high, and rightly so, for at least they acknowledged the question and officially embraced national independence. The reaction to arguments from silence is usually noisy vituperation, and rightly so. The White House would not put the president in that position again and rightly so. ► if I may say so And his manner was, if I may say so, more relaxed, almost like an aristocrat. And if I may say so, they seem more useful than yours. For my interior vision, if I may say so, it still works. Now, you're a plants-woman of no small renown, if I may say so, your ladyship. Suicidal, if I may say so. Unlike, if I may say so, the dabblings of your brother in the theology of physics. Very sexist of you to assume otherwise, if I may say so. ► somebody’s say-so Kathleen evidently ran things around the office and nothing could be done without her say-so. Nobody here leaves without my say-so. Tell him he can use the car, but only on my say-so. ► on somebody’s say-so I'd feel terrible if anyone went to see the play on my say-so and hated it. ► sink so low How could he have sunk so low? Because she had never sunk so low, and never would. Don't let yourself sink so low again - come and talk to me or to the doctor. Few bands sink so low, few soar this high. Probably because even she had not expected him to sink so low. She had not sunk so low as to join the ranks of that sisterhood! ► so to speak We have to pull down the barriers, so to speak, of poverty. Being in charge of a lethal weapon, so to speak. Denver had come around, so to speak. He could get caught up in the story, so to speak, and little by little begin to forget himself. Other than that, the world was my artistic oyster, so to speak. The babies, so to speak, are helplessly powerful. The whole of life, so to speak, is involved in the pursuit of the good life. These constitute, so to speak, the raw materials for effective education perse. To get back to business, so to speak. ► I told you so I could never work with a man like that and I told him so. I didn't like his mood. I told her so, but she just laughed. I was not disappointed. I told myself so, firmly, several times. I wouldn't have blamed him if he'd walked away and I told him so. There; I told you so. To sum up: I told you so. True it is that Ewan Beg thought he had killed his dallta - for I told him so. What matters is that we lived like writers, and that I told them so. ► so there!► somebody is (so) up himself/herself etc► very much so It was like Hi De Hi backstage, very much so. ► so what? "Don't go in there, he's sleeping." "So what?" After all, Twickenham only holds 65,000 people, so what about the other fans throughout the country? And so what, she thought, so what? And the special language of the specialist is a substitute for thought. So what are we to do? Part of the fun includes a trip to make-up. So what does the future hold for Fiona and David? She might think he was a little coarse doing that after saying he despised her, but so what? We are behind in the opinion polls. So what? You climbed Mount Everest? So what? ► in so many words "Did he say we got the contract?" "Not in so many words." In so many words, she told me that I don't have any talent. Although it has not said so in so many words, it is also for the supranational space. And, if taxed by such as Sylvester, he probably would not now admit it in so many words. But I also knew that if I admitted to that in so many words, Janir would start fussing. It hurts to write that out in so many words, but how could it be otherwise. Oh, not in so many words, of course. There is, in fact, considerable nervousness about saying these things in so many words. To be fair, the majority report does not in so many words advance the argument. Zuwaya had a deterrent theory of peace, and stated it in so many words. 1 a)[+adjective/adverb] used to emphasize how great a feeling or quality is, or how large an amount is:  It was so embarrassing! Why didn’t you call? We were so worried. I love her so much.ever so British English They’re being ever so quiet. b)[+adjective/adverb] as great, nice, many etc as this:  Why are you being so horrible to me? I’ve never seen so many people here before! How had they achieved it in so short a time? c)[+adjective/adverb] used when emphasizing the degree or amount of something by saying what the result isso ... (that) He was so weak that he could hardly stand up. There was so much smoke that they couldn’t see across the hallway. Everything happened so quickly I hadn’t time to think.so ... as to be The particles are so small as to be almost invisible. d)spoken old-fashioned used before or after a verb to emphasize that someone does something a lot or to a great degree:  I wish you wouldn’t fuss so (=as much as you do). It makes me nervous. He does so enjoy reading your letters. e)spoken informal used before a noun phrase to emphasize what you are saying – used especially by young people:  He is just so not the right person for her.RegisterIn written English, people often prefer to use extremely rather than so to emphasize an adjective or adverb, because it sounds more formal:· These schools are extremely difficult to get into.GRAMMAR• You use such (a) before an adjective and noun: · There is not such a big difference.· How can such awful things happen?• Don’t use ‘so’ before an adjective and noun.Don’t say: a so big difference | so awful things2 not so big/good/bad etc not very big, good etc:  I’m afraid the news is not so good. Of course I’d like to help, but things aren’t so simple.3[not used with negative verbs] used to add that what has just been said is also true about someone or something elseso do I/so is he/so would Peter etc Joe was a little upset, and so was I. He’s been ill, and so has his wife. As the demand rises, so do prices.4used to refer back to an idea, action, quality, situation etc that has just been mentionedhope so/think so/say so etc ‘Will I need my umbrella?’ ‘I don’t think so.’ If you want to go home, just say so.be more so/less so/too much so The band is popular and likely to become more so. Jerry is very honest, perhaps too much so. The troops will not advance until ordered to do so. Did Luke sell them? And, if so, what happened to the money? ‘Has he lost a fortune?’ ‘So they say.’ ‘Look – I’ve even cleaned the windows.’ ‘So I see.’ Parents can withdraw their child from school if they so wish.5be so to be true or correct:  ‘It belongs to my father.’ ‘Is that so?’ Morton says his parents kicked him out, but his brothers say this isn’t so.6... or so used when you cannot be exact about a number, amount, or period of time and you think it may be a little more than the figure you are mentioning:  We have to leave in five minutes or so. I stopped reading after thirty or so pages.7spoken used to get someone’s attention, especially in order to ask them a question:  So, how was school today?8spoken used to check that you have understood something:  So this is just a copy?9 spoken used when asking a question about what has just been said:  ‘He’s going to Paris on business.’ ‘So when is he coming back?’10be not so much ... as ... used to say that one description of someone or something is less suitable or correct than another:  The details are not so much wrong as they are incomplete.11not/without so much as something used when you are surprised or annoyed that someone did not do something:  He left without so much as a goodbye.12so long! American English spoken used to say goodbye13not so ... as ... formal used in comparisons to say that something or someone has less of a particular quality than another person or thing:  The bed was not so comfortable as his own.GRAMMARIn comparisons without ‘not’, you say as ... as: · Your writing is as bad as mine. ✗Don’t say: Your writing is so bad as mine.14so much for somebody/something spoken used to say that a particular action, idea, statement etc was not useful or did not produce the result that was hoped for:  He’s late again. So much for good intentions!15only so many/much used to say that there is only a limited quantity of something:  There’s only so much that anybody’s brain can handle at any one time. There are only so many hours in the working day.16 spoken used with a movement of your hand to show how big, high etc something or someone is:  Oh, he’s about so tall, with brown hair and eyes.17 spoken used to show that you have found something out about someone:  So! You’ve got a new girlfriend?18like so spoken used when you are showing someone how to do something:  Then turn the paper over and fold it, like so.19and so on/forth used at the end of a list to show that you could continue it in a similar way:  You can do things for your health in the way of diet, exercise, good lifestyle, not smoking and so on.20literary or formal in the way that is described:  Dorothy and Sarah continued to write to each other, and so began a lifelong friendship.so ... that The furniture is so arranged that the interviewee and the interviewer are not physically separated by a desk.21and so and therefore:  Madeira has an ideal climate, and so it is not surprising that it has become a tourist paradise. This was considered to be a religious issue and so to be a matter for the church courts.22so she is/so there are etc British English spoken used to show that you agree with something that has just been mentioned, especially something that you had not noticed or had forgotten:  ‘Look! She’s wearing a hat just like yours.’ ‘So she is.’23be just/exactly so to be arranged tidily, with everything in the right place:  Everything had to be just so, or Edna would make us do it again.24so be it spoken used to show you do not like or agree with something, but you will accept it:  If that means delaying the trip, so be it.25spoken a)used to say that a person’s behaviour or action is typical of that person:  ‘He was about half an hour late.’ ‘That is just so Chris.’ b)used to say that something suits someone or is the type of thing they like:  You must buy that jacket – it’s so you!26I do so/it is so etc American English spoken used especially by children to say that something is true, can be done etc when someone else says that it is not, cannot etc:  ‘You can’t swim.’ ‘I can so.’27spoken used to introduce the next part of a story you are telling someone:  So anyway, he goes in and his boots get stuck in the mud.28so? (also so what?) spoken not polite used to tell someone that something does not matter:  So what if we’re a little late? ‘She might tell someone.’ ‘So? No one will believe her.’ → so-so, → even so at even1(4), → so far at far1(7), → so far as I’m concerned at far1(14), → so far as something is concerned at far1(15), → so far as I know/I can remember/I can tell etc at far1(16), → as/so long as at long2(5), → so much the better at better3(4), → so to speak at speak(6) so1 adverbso2 conjunctionso3 noun soso2 ●●● S1 W3 conjunction Examples EXAMPLES FROM OTHER DICTIONARIES So anyway, we decided to go to the mall. I got hungry, so I made a sandwich. Thesaurus THESAURUS► therefore for this reason: · She already had a lot of experience and therefore seemed the best candidate for the job. ► so therefore. So is less formal than therefore, and is more common in everyday English: · They had not eaten all day, so they were very hungry. ► thus formal as a result of what you have just mentioned: · The program is very simple and thus easy to run. ► hence formal for this reason: · This material is highly poisonous, hence the importance of careful handling. ► as a result used when saying that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true: · Some people suffer from stress at work and become ill as a result.· Economic growth slowed down as a result of inflation. ► consequently/as a consequence used when saying that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true. Consequently and as a consequence are more formal than as a result: · The disease attacks the plant, the flower does not open, and consequently no seeds are produced.· As a consequence of global warming, our climate is already starting to change. ► this means that used when saying what the result of something is: · If students arrive late, this means that lesson time is wasted. ► for this reason used when explaining the reason for something: · Spell check programs do not recognize when you have used the wrong word. For this reason, you must still read over your work carefully. Longman Language Activatorwhat you say to tell someone that you are sorry► so use this to say that someone does something or something happens as a result of something else: · There was nothing on TV, so I decided to go to bed.· The rest of the week I'm busy, I'm afraid, so it'll have to be Monday.· The shop doesn't open until 11am and so it loses a lot of business. ► therefore so - use this in formal speech and writing: · The building work is taking quite a long time, and therefore costing us money.· Jewish weddings are both religious and civil. Therefore two official applications for marriage are necessary. ► so big/tall/old etc (that) use this to say that because someone or something is very big, tall etc, something happens as a result: · I was so busy today that I didn't have time for lunch.· He always thought he was so good looking that no woman would turn him down. ► such a bad day/an old car/a tall man etc (that) use this to say that because it is a very bad day, a very old car etc something happens or someone does something as a result: · It was such a nice day that we decided to go for a picnic.· The dress was such a bargain, I had to buy it.· Paul remained silent for such a long time that we were beginning to wonder if he'd fallen asleep. ► so that/with the result that use this to say that because of a particular situation, another situation exists or happens. With the result that is more formal than so that: · His hair was very long and covered his eyes, so that you could hardly see his face.· A car pulled out right in front of me, so that I had to slam on the brakes.· The company paid excellent salaries and provided good working conditions, with the result that its employees were of a very high standard. ► as a result/consequently use this to say that because of a particular situation, something else happens or is true. Consequently is more formal than as a result: · I had made a lot of contacts, and had good job opportunities as a result.· The virus attacks the plant, the flower does not open, and consequently no seeds are produced. ► then use this to say what you would expect the result of an action or situation to be: · ''My father's quite laid back.'' ''Then he won't mind if you borrow his car, will he?''· "I'm full up.'' "Does that mean you don't want any dessert then?'' Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM THE ENTRY► so as not to  We went along silently on tiptoe so as not to disturb anyone. COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► I’m afraid so  ‘Is she very ill?’ ‘I’m afraid so (=yes).’ ► felt so alone  I cried like a child because I felt so alone. ► so it would appear (=used when saying that something seems to be true, although you are not completely sure) ‘Have they gone?’ ‘So it would appear.’ ► believe so (=think that something is true) ‘Have they arrived yet?’ ‘Yes, I believe so.’ ► A dozen or so  A dozen or so (=about 12) cars were parked near the entrance. ► especially so  A depreciation of the dollar would make US exports cheaper and especially so in Japan. ► a so-called expert (=someone who says they are an expert, but who you do not respect very much)· There are many so-called experts willing to tell you how to bring up your children. ► It ... happened so fast  It all happened so fast I didn’t even notice I was bleeding. ► I fear so/I fear not  ‘Were they satisfied?’ ‘I fear not.’ ► ‘What’s so funny?’  His laughter stopped her mid-sentence. ‘What’s so funny?’ she demanded. ► so I hear/so I’ve heard spoken (=used to say that you have been told something or know it already) There’s a nasty infection going round, so I hear. ► not so hot/not very hot informal (=not very good) Some of the tracks on the record are great, but others are not so hot. ► if so  Is the book available, and if so, where? ► feel so inclined  You can visit our chat rooms, if you feel so inclined. ► for so long  I haven’t seen her for so long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like. ► so many  There are so many things we disagree about. ► so much  We’re looking forward to your visit so much. ► so much  It was such a small thing to have caused so much trouble. ► a mile or so  There’s a motel a mile or so down the road (=about a mile or possibly a little more). ► I presume so  ‘Are his parents still alive?’ 'I presume so.’ ► resemble nothing so much as something (=look or seem rather like something)· The building resembled nothing so much as giant beehive. ► say so · If you don’t know the answer, don’t be afraid to say so. ► so it seems (=it seems to be true) ‘So Bill’s leaving her?’ ‘So it seems.’ ► ever so slightly  He leaned forward ever so slightly. ► I suppose so  ‘Aren’t you pleased?’ ‘Yes, I suppose so.’ ► I suppose so  ‘Can we come with you?’ ‘Oh, I suppose so.’ ► so tired (that)  I’m so tired I could sleep for a week. ► Without so much as  Without so much as a word of thanks, Ben turned and went back into the office (=he did not even say thank you as he should have done). Phrases PHRASES FROM THE ENTRY► so (that) I'll move my car so you can get into the garage. Prune the tree at a young age so that it will have a strong central trunk. She's studying English at night school so that she can go to university. Steps must be taken so that this kind of disaster never happens again. The ropes got twisted, so I couldn't climb down again. We've planned a variety of activities, so there'll be something for everyone. ► so as to do something The little boy ran off so as not to be caught. Now it has just been seen that the laws of physics are efficiently ordered so as to produce highly desirable states. The regional economy has been reorganized so as to distribute tasks and responsibilities equitably. The spouts are placed so as to ensure no seed drops down the deep furrows immediately behind the subsoiler legs. Their identities are not revealed so as to prevent reprisals against their families. They immediately crossed the river and fired several houses in the village of DeSoto, so as to illuminate the river. Winsocks should be written so as to be accessible from either 32-bit or 16-bit workspace. ► (just) as ..., so ...PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► so/as far as I am aware► not too/so bad The roads weren't too bad. At first, things were not so bad. Compared to how I feel, how I look is not so bad. She began to think that perhaps village life was not so bad. The Ky is not too bad. The policing here is not so bad. The Vatican, I must say, is not too bad when it is full and the resonance is reduced. The weather was not too bad. We played really well and while the other contenders still had to play each other, our run-in was not too bad. ► so much the better If it makes illegal drug use even more difficult, so much the better. You can use dried parsley, but if you have fresh, so much the better. And if I am Peter, so much the better. And if that can change things, so much the better Female speaker He's the little man having a kick. But if I can manage with fewer trips to the store, so much the better. If love eventually grows, so much the better. If they are alive so much the better, but they can be persuaded to take dead ones. If they can fit in with the room's general style, so much the better. If we can improve the team another way, so much the better. So a single fluorescent tube will be adequate, and if you have used floating plants, so much the better. ► make/be so bold (as to do something)► if I may be so bold And what, if I may be so bold, is the meaning of this note? ► (and) deservedly so It received universally ecstatic reviews, and deservedly so. Nandina is long favored, and deservedly so. The move up to verse can be ineffective, deservedly so. The next day, the press criticism was withering, deservedly so. ► even so She had only seen Matthew Godden once before, but even so she recognized him instantly. The fines for speeding are large, but even so, they are not always a deterrent. Try to run on a soft surface, such as grass. Even so, you may start having knee problems. And yet even so, holy and awesome though they were, they kept the mark of what they had sprung from. But even so, the original pledge was to get 24 countries into the programme, not 20. Some people may remain well but even so they are able to infect others. The lesson: it is, even so, never too late to act. The people could not have been more charming but even so I sensed an undercurrent of suspicion. The trumpets shall sound and the Lord shall descend even so it is. This he freely admitted, although, even so, neither he nor Mama would ever reveal what his real name was. Yet even so, the United States still leads most industrialized countries in teenage pregnancies, abortions and childbearing. ► ever so cold/wet/nice etc► go so far/as far as to do something► so far I think he's done a great job so far. There haven't been any problems so far. This is the hottest day we've had so far this summer. We've raised twelve thousand dollars so far, and we expect to reach our goal by the end of next week. And so far Conservative strategy has been anything but effective. Because he was so far ahead in his first year, he spent his time on other things. However, the military were not having much success so far. On the other hand, the technology plainly is not ready; so far, the tests have been embarrassing. Our final rehearsal before Farnham, however, delivered the cruellest blow so far. Selman has sold off two-thirds of his herd so far. The treatment so far had been innocuous: quinine pills and injections of alum water. There were times that Iverson was so far down the court that Mutombo didn't make it to halfcourt. ► so far so good "How's your new job?" "So far so good." ► as/so far as I’m concerned► as/so far as something is concerned► as/so far as I know/I can remember/I can tell/I can see etc► in so far as/insofar as/in as far as► not so fast Not so fast! You'll scrape the paint! Not so fast, guys. One win doesn't make a championship season. Both were expanding their departments as well, though not so fast as Ranieri. But not so fast, or so the town of Oro Valley decided August 30. It's also big, but not so fast or user-friendly despite its curious system of organizing bits into folders. ► and so forth The study included women of different ages, races and so forth. And she thought, oh, maybe she was just overtired, and so forth. By uh by listing factors and so forth. He must choose a diet, exercise, relaxation, and so forth. Motion precedes quiescence, which in turn precedes motion, which in turn precedes quiescence, and so forth. Please would we list our safety equipment, the radio, the distress beacon, and so forth? Satan has sovereignties and powers and so forth working for him as well. Try Yahoo listings of organizations and so forth, and Google for mentions on Web pages. You browse the Web daily for ideas and download interesting articles from newspapers, magazines and so forth. ► I guess so/not "She wasn't happy?" "I guess not." Dope, is it? I guess so. ► not half as/so good/interesting etc (as somebody/something)► as it happens/it just so happens► so help me (God) A police station, so help me, is a piece of the action. But, so help me ... I have done nothing! ► I should hope so (too)► I hope so "So you're going to the Amazon?" "I hope so." I thought so. I hoped so. Right. I hope so, yeah. Was it worth it? I hope so. Will he get the chance to step up? I hope so. ► I don’t feel too hot/so hot/very hot► how so? "The scriptures make it perfectly clear." "Oh, how so?" Have you noticed how so many adverts for chocolate are aimed at girls? He does not entirely explain how so many people could lift off so quickly into the deal-making stratosphere. I do not understand how so many Black men stay sane, look after their children and strive to walk beside them. I repeated the details of how so many of Green's family had been murdered at Auschwitz. ► just so Her house always has to be just so. Because is just so expensive and you know, food attracts residents. Did you write to me just so I could agree with you? He presses just so hard, no harder. It just so happens that this region includes the heartland of Charles the Bald's kingdom. Life can last just so long, you understand. Tamayo swears he comes in at 8 a. m. every day just so he can work out. There were just so many animals around. ► would you be kind enough to do something/be so kind as to do something► without so much as a by your leave► like this/that/so Aye, some boys will be like that. But it was not always like this. Geniculate, at first glimpse, is something like that. He was an associate of Neuhaus, and like that legendary figure imparted the richest sense of cultural and human ideals. How typical of Iris to think of such a detail at a time like this. It goes like this: 1. Nothing even remotely like this had ever happened to her before, and she didn't like it. ► so long "So long,'' he said. "Don't forget to write.'' She grabbed Nick by the shoulders and hugged him affectionately. "So long, Nick.'' All those words he had hoarded for so long and released so grudgingly. As we look at this reply, it is clear why psychotherapy often takes so long. Dunn's mouth was open so long that it dried inside and he could not swallow or salivate. Just so long as there are decent shows either side of it. The reality was long ago - oh so long ago! They also maintained that it would be impossible to hold fair trials so long after the alleged crimes had been committed. Things were going on for so long that I thought he would stay here and things would be settled. To wait so long for a clean cup of water was beyond me. ► as/so long as As long as you're just sitting there, come help me with the groceries. Pam stayed awake as long as she could. You can go as long as you're home for dinner. At the least, officials said, the move will postpone implementation of the program for as long as six months. Fortunately Scott was reasonably obedient as long as some one kept a close watch over him. His fame will remain undiminished as long as the game of cricket is played. It's quite possible you won't even realise this, so long as you each mirror the same changes. It is not a wasted experience as long as it can be purged of negative overtones. This is three times as long as the Canon's heads, so I haven't included replacements in the page costs. Wet wood can recover as long as it dries out relatively quickly. Why did they not know that as long as they did not speak, he was all right? ► I/you should be so lucky! Sleep past 6 a.m.? I should be so lucky! ► if you don’t mind my saying so/if you don’t mind me asking► not so much ... as ...► not/without so much as something I never received so much as a reply. The car survived the accident without so much as a dent. He had never had a day of sickness, not so much as a cold. How could we have put their bag into ours without so much as a single check? I, who had traveled all that long day on that train without so much as a cheese in my pocket? It is a matter of tone, not so much as content. So far in Rajasthan, I had not so much as nodded to another female. That he had dumped her without a word, without so much as a goodbye. We got our six appearances, and not so much as one drop-by or mix-and-mingle extra. When they go straight to bed without so much as ordering a toasted sandwich or spending money at the bar. ► so much for something So much for 3.75% Profit Share figures and so much for staff motivation. Thank you so much for coming. Thank you so much for your encouragement in the past. That diagnosis is not so much for therapeutic reasons as for administrative and management purposes. The boys have been lovely and Kenneth has done so much for me. The method she resorted to was novel, not so much for the times but for her. Together with the right kind of support we could have fun together and achieve so much for ourselves and our diocese. We take the railways so much for granted. ► so near and yet so far► never so much as I do everything for him, and he's never so much as made me a cup of coffee. Clarisa had never so much as dusted his butt with baby powder. He never so much as twitched. Naturally he had never so much as whispered this phrase to a living soul. Tesla was told firmly that he must never so much as mention the subject of alternating current. They passed a hundred yards away and never so much as changed course to take a closer look. ► every so often Every so often we go down to the beach. Every so often, Frank looked up at me and smiled. The silence was broken every so often by the sound of guns in the distance. And every so often a transvestite would swagger past, some more obvious than others. I come and visit him every so often. I followed Mundin into the shed, turning every so often and glowering at Fifi, who trailed behind us. It looked as though it weighed a ton and seemed to quiver every so often. It will do that every so often on your birthday. The every so often it was mopped, the every so often sprayed. They talked in a close huddle and every so often would both turn round and look at me. ► quite/quite so At Carville, things were not quite so stark. In fact, my recent diet hadn't been quite so reckless. It's not quite so good the second time around, never mind the fourth or fifth. It was all right walking in the mountains but not quite so safe-looking to drive. Mental programming, of course, does not have to be quite so extreme. No hotel service could be quite so crass. The people might be made to kneel, but the elements were not quite so easy to muzzle. The voices of the neighborhood teenagers are not quite so shrill. ► and rightly so We were blamed, and rightly so, for this mess. For the most part, criteria of critical reasoning are internal to disciplines or professional fields, and rightly so. It will undoubtedly be one for public debate, and rightly so. Many organizations see this as a blind leap of faith, and rightly so. Such an arrangement would probably be considered out of the question today, and rightly so. Symphony No. 88 has always been a favourite and rightly so, as well as the Oxford, helped by its nickname. The Bolshevik reputation stood high, and rightly so, for at least they acknowledged the question and officially embraced national independence. The reaction to arguments from silence is usually noisy vituperation, and rightly so. The White House would not put the president in that position again and rightly so. ► if I may say so And his manner was, if I may say so, more relaxed, almost like an aristocrat. And if I may say so, they seem more useful than yours. For my interior vision, if I may say so, it still works. Now, you're a plants-woman of no small renown, if I may say so, your ladyship. Suicidal, if I may say so. Unlike, if I may say so, the dabblings of your brother in the theology of physics. Very sexist of you to assume otherwise, if I may say so. ► somebody’s say-so Kathleen evidently ran things around the office and nothing could be done without her say-so. Nobody here leaves without my say-so. Tell him he can use the car, but only on my say-so. ► on somebody’s say-so I'd feel terrible if anyone went to see the play on my say-so and hated it. ► sink so low How could he have sunk so low? Because she had never sunk so low, and never would. Don't let yourself sink so low again - come and talk to me or to the doctor. Few bands sink so low, few soar this high. Probably because even she had not expected him to sink so low. She had not sunk so low as to join the ranks of that sisterhood! ► so to speak We have to pull down the barriers, so to speak, of poverty. Being in charge of a lethal weapon, so to speak. Denver had come around, so to speak. He could get caught up in the story, so to speak, and little by little begin to forget himself. Other than that, the world was my artistic oyster, so to speak. The babies, so to speak, are helplessly powerful. The whole of life, so to speak, is involved in the pursuit of the good life. These constitute, so to speak, the raw materials for effective education perse. To get back to business, so to speak. ► I told you so I could never work with a man like that and I told him so. I didn't like his mood. I told her so, but she just laughed. I was not disappointed. I told myself so, firmly, several times. I wouldn't have blamed him if he'd walked away and I told him so. There; I told you so. To sum up: I told you so. True it is that Ewan Beg thought he had killed his dallta - for I told him so. What matters is that we lived like writers, and that I told them so. ► so there!► somebody is (so) up himself/herself etc► very much so It was like Hi De Hi backstage, very much so. ► so what? "Don't go in there, he's sleeping." "So what?" After all, Twickenham only holds 65,000 people, so what about the other fans throughout the country? And so what, she thought, so what? And the special language of the specialist is a substitute for thought. So what are we to do? Part of the fun includes a trip to make-up. So what does the future hold for Fiona and David? She might think he was a little coarse doing that after saying he despised her, but so what? We are behind in the opinion polls. So what? You climbed Mount Everest? So what? ► in so many words "Did he say we got the contract?" "Not in so many words." In so many words, she told me that I don't have any talent. Although it has not said so in so many words, it is also for the supranational space. And, if taxed by such as Sylvester, he probably would not now admit it in so many words. But I also knew that if I admitted to that in so many words, Janir would start fussing. It hurts to write that out in so many words, but how could it be otherwise. Oh, not in so many words, of course. There is, in fact, considerable nervousness about saying these things in so many words. To be fair, the majority report does not in so many words advance the argument. Zuwaya had a deterrent theory of peace, and stated it in so many words. 1used to say that someone does something because of the reason just stated:  I was feeling hungry, so I made myself a sandwich.► see thesaurus at thereforeRegisterIn written English, people often prefer to use therefore or consequently rather than so, because they sound more formal:· She had previous experience, therefore she seemed the best candidate.2so (that) a)in order to make something happen, make something possible etc:  He lowered his voice so Doris couldn’t hear. Why don’t you start out early so that you don’t have to hurry? b)used to say that something happens or is true as a result of the situation you have just stated:  There are no buses, so you’ll have to walk. The gravestones were covered with moss, so that it was impossible to read the names on them.3so as to do something formal in order to do something:  I drove at a steady 50 mph so as to save fuel. We went along silently on tiptoe so as not to disturb anyone.4(just) as ..., so ... formal used to compare two people or things, when they are similar:  Just as the French love their wine, so the English love their beer. so1 adverbso2 conjunctionso3 noun soso3 noun [singular] Word Origin WORD ORIGINso3 Origin: 1800-1900 sol word sets WORD SETS► Music a cappella, adjectiveaccelerando, adjectiveaccompaniment, nounaccompanist, nounaccompany, verbaccordion, nounacid house, nounacoustic, adjectiveadagio, nounallegro, nounandante, adjectiveandante, nounanthem, nounaria, nounarpeggio, nounarr., arrange, verbarrangement, nounatonal, adjectiveback, verbbacking, nounbagpipes, nounbalalaika, nounballad, nounband, nounbandmaster, nounbandsman, nounbandstand, nounbanjo, nounbar, nounbarbershop, nounbaritone, nounbarrel organ, nounbass, nounbass, adjectivebass clef, nounbass guitar, nounbassist, nounbassoon, nounbaton, nounbeat, verbbeat, nounbebop, nounblast, verbblow, verbbluegrass, nounbolero, nounbongos, nounboogie, nounbootleg, nounbow, nounbow, verbbrass band, nounbreve, nounbridge, nounbugle, nounbusk, verbC, nouncabaret, nouncadence, nouncadenza, nouncalypso, nounC & W, canon, nouncantata, nouncanticle, nouncantor, nouncarillon, nouncarol, nouncarol, verbcastanets, nouncatchy, adjectivecellist, nouncello, nounchamber music, nounchamber orchestra, nounchant, verbchant, nounchoir, nounchoirboy, nounchoral, adjectivechorale, nounchord, nounchorister, nounchorus, nounChristmas carol, nounchromatic, adjectiveclapper, nounclarinet, nounclavichord, nounclef, nouncoda, nouncoloratura, nouncombo, nouncompose, verbcomposer, nounconcert, nounconcertgoer, nounconcertina, nounconcertmaster, nounconcerto, nounconduct, verbconductor, nounconsonant, adjectiveconsort, nouncontinuo, nouncontrabass, nouncontralto, nouncor anglais, nouncornet, nouncounterpoint, nouncountertenor, nouncountry and western, nouncountry music, nouncover, verbcover, nouncrescendo, nouncroon, verbcrotchet, nouncut, verbcymbal, nounD, noundamper, noundance, noundance band, noundemo, noundescant, noundidgeridoo, noundiminuendo, noundirge, noundisc jockey, noundiscord, noundiscordant, adjectivedissonance, nounditty, nounDixieland, noundo, noundoh, noundominant, noundouble bass, noundownbeat, noundrum, noundrum, verbdrumbeat, noundrum kit, noundrum major, noundrummer, noundrumming, noundrum-roll, noundrumstick, noundub, nounduet, noundulcimer, nounduo, nounear, nouneasy listening, nouneighth note, nounelevator music, nounencore, interjectionensemble, nounexpression, nounf., fa, nounfalsetto, nounfanfare, nounfantasia, nounfiddle, nounfiddler, nounfife, nounfinale, nounfingering, nounflat, adjectiveflat, nounflat, adverbflautist, nounfloor show, nounflourish, nounflute, nounfolk, nounfolk, adjectivefolk music, nounforte, nounforte, adjectivefortissimo, adjectiveforty-five, nounFrench horn, nounfret, nounfugue, nounfunk, nounfunky, adjectiveg, gamelan, noungig, noungig, verbglee club, nounglide, nounglockenspiel, noungong, noungospel, noungrand, noungrand opera, noungrand piano, nounGregorian chant, noungroup, nounguitar, nounhalf note, nounhalf step, nounhammer, nounhard rock, nounharmonic, adjectiveharmonica, nounharmonium, nounharmonize, verbharmony, nounharp, nounharpsichord, nounheavy metal, nounhigh, adjectivehigh-pitched, adjectivehip hop, nounhorn, nounhot, adjectivehouse music, nounhurdy-gurdy, nounhymn, nounimpressionism, nounimpressionist, nounimprovise, verbincidental music, nouninstrument, nouninstrumental, adjectiveinstrumental, nouninstrumentalist, nouninstrumentation, nouninterlude, nouninterval, nounjam, verbjam session, nounjazz, nounjazzy, adjectivejig, nounjingle, nounjungle, nounkaraoke, nounkazoo, nounkettledrum, nounkey, nounkeyboard, nounkey signature, nounla, nounlament, nounlargo, adjectiveleader, nounledger line, nounlegato, adjectiveleitmotif, nounlento, adjectivelibrettist, nounlibretto, nounlilt, nounlullaby, nounlute, nounlyre, nounlyric, adjectivelyrical, adjectivelyricism, nounlyricist, nounmadrigal, nounmaestro, nounmajor, adjectivemale-voice choir, nounmandolin, nounmaracas, nounmarch, nounmarching band, nounmariachi, nounmarimba, nounmasterclass, nounmedley, nounmellifluous, adjectivemelodic, adjectivemelodious, adjectivemelody, nounmetronome, nounmezzo-soprano, nounmi, nounmiddle C, nounminim, nounminor, adjectiveminstrel, nounminuet, nounmodal, adjectivemode, nounmoderato, adjectivemodulate, verbmolto, adverbmood music, nounmotif, nounmouth organ, nounmouthpiece, nounmovement, nounmusic, nounmusical, adjectivemusical, nounmusical instrument, nounmusically, adverbmusician, nounmusicianship, nounmusicology, nounmusic stand, nounmute, verbmute, nounMuzak, nounnational anthem, nounnatural, adjectivenatural, nounNegro spiritual, nounnocturne, nounnote, nounnumber, nounnumber one, nounnursery rhyme, nounoboe, nounoctave, nounoctet, nounoff-key, adjectiveone-man band, nounopera, nounopera house, nounoperetta, nounopus, nounoratorio, nounorchestra, nounorchestral, adjectiveorchestra pit, nounorchestrate, verborgan, nounorgan grinder, nounorganist, nounovertone, nounoverture, nounp., panpipes, nounpart, nounpart-song, nounpause, nounpeal, verbpedal, nounpeg, nounpenny whistle, nounpercussion, nounperfect pitch, nounPhilharmonic, adjectivephrase, nounphrase, verbphrasing, nounpianissimo, adjectivepianist, nounpiano, nounpiano, adjectivepianola, nounpiccolo, nounpick, verbpick, nounpipe, verbpiped music, nounpiper, nounpitch, nounpitch, verbpizzicato, nounplainchant, nounplainsong, nounplay, verbplayer, nounplayer piano, nounplectrum, nounpluck, verbpolyphony, nounpop, nounpop group, nounpop music, nounpop star, nounprelude, nounpresto, adjectivepresto, nounprima donna, nounproduction number, nounpromenade concert, nounpsaltery, nounpunk, nounquarter note, nounquartet, nounquaver, nounquintet, nounR & B, nounrag, nounraga, nounragga, nounragtime, nounrange, nounrap, nounrap, verbrapper, nounrecital, nounrecitative, nounrecord, nounrecorder, nounreed, nounrefrain, nounreggae, nounregister, nounremaster, verbrendering, nounrendition, nounrepeat, nounrequest, nounrequiem, nounresonator, nounrest, nounrhapsody, nounrhythm, nounrhythm and blues, nounrhythm section, nounriff, nounroadie, nounroad manager, nounrock, nounrock and roll, nounrock music, nounrock 'n' roll, nounrondo, nounrostrum, nounround, nounrumba, nounrun, nounsalsa, nounsamba, nounsaxophone, nounsaxophonist, nounscale, nounscat, nounscherzo, nounscore, nounscore, verbsemibreve, nounsemiquaver, nounsemitone, nounseptet, nounserenade, nounserenade, verbset, nounsetting, nounsextet, nounshanty, nounsharp, adverbsharp, nounsheet music, nounsight-read, verbsignature tune, nounsing, verbsinger, nounsinger-songwriter, nounsingle, nounsitar, nounsixteenth note, nounska, nounskiffle, nounslide, nounslur, verbslur, nounsnare drum, nounso, nounsol, nounsol-fa, nounsolo, adjectivesolo, nounsoloist, nounsonata, nounsong, nounsongbook, nounsongster, nounsongwriter, nounsoprano, nounsoprano, adjectivesoul, nounsoundtrack, nounspiritual, nounsqueezebox, nounstaccato, adverbstaff, nounstandard, nounStar-Spangled Banner, the, stave, nounsteel band, nounsteel guitar, nounstep, nounstring, verbstringed instrument, nounstrum, verbstudy, nounsuite, nounswell, nounswing, nounsymphony, nounsyncopated, adjectivesyncopation, nounsynthesis, nounsynthesize, verbsynthesizer, nountabla, nountabor, nountambourine, nountechno, nountempo, nountenor, nountenor, adjectiveTex-Mex, adjectivetheme, nounthrash, nounthrenody, nounthrob, verbti, nountimbrel, nountime, nountime signature, nountimpani, nountoccata, nountom-tom, nountonal, adjectivetonality, nountone, nountone-deaf, adjectivetone poem, nountonic, nountootle, verbtrack, nountranscribe, verbtranspose, verbtreble, nountreble, adjectivetreble clef, nountremolo, nountriangle, nountrill, nountrombone, nountrumpet, nountuba, nountune, nountune, verbtuneful, adjectivetuneless, adjectivetuning fork, nountuning peg, nounukulele, noununaccompanied, adjectiveupright piano, nounvalve, nounvariation, nounverse, nounvibes, nounvibraphone, nounvibrato, nounviola, nounviolin, nounviolinist, nounvirginals, nounvirtuoso, nounvivace, adjectivevocal, adjectivevocal, nounvocalist, nounvoice, nounvoluntary, nounwaltz, nounwarble, verbwarbler, nounwhole note, nounwind instrument, nounwoodwind, nounxylophone, nounyodel, verbyodel, nounzither, nounzydeco, noun Collocations COLLOCATIONS FROM OTHER ENTRIES► I’m afraid so  ‘Is she very ill?’ ‘I’m afraid so (=yes).’ ► felt so alone  I cried like a child because I felt so alone. ► so it would appear (=used when saying that something seems to be true, although you are not completely sure) ‘Have they gone?’ ‘So it would appear.’ ► believe so (=think that something is true) ‘Have they arrived yet?’ ‘Yes, I believe so.’ ► A dozen or so  A dozen or so (=about 12) cars were parked near the entrance. ► especially so  A depreciation of the dollar would make US exports cheaper and especially so in Japan. ► a so-called expert (=someone who says they are an expert, but who you do not respect very much)· There are many so-called experts willing to tell you how to bring up your children. ► It ... happened so fast  It all happened so fast I didn’t even notice I was bleeding. ► I fear so/I fear not  ‘Were they satisfied?’ ‘I fear not.’ ► ‘What’s so funny?’  His laughter stopped her mid-sentence. ‘What’s so funny?’ she demanded. ► so I hear/so I’ve heard spoken (=used to say that you have been told something or know it already) There’s a nasty infection going round, so I hear. ► not so hot/not very hot informal (=not very good) Some of the tracks on the record are great, but others are not so hot. ► if so  Is the book available, and if so, where? ► feel so inclined  You can visit our chat rooms, if you feel so inclined. ► for so long  I haven’t seen her for so long that I’ve forgotten what she looks like. ► so many  There are so many things we disagree about. ► so much  We’re looking forward to your visit so much. ► so much  It was such a small thing to have caused so much trouble. ► a mile or so  There’s a motel a mile or so down the road (=about a mile or possibly a little more). ► I presume so  ‘Are his parents still alive?’ 'I presume so.’ ► resemble nothing so much as something (=look or seem rather like something)· The building resembled nothing so much as giant beehive. ► say so · If you don’t know the answer, don’t be afraid to say so. ► so it seems (=it seems to be true) ‘So Bill’s leaving her?’ ‘So it seems.’ ► ever so slightly  He leaned forward ever so slightly. ► I suppose so  ‘Aren’t you pleased?’ ‘Yes, I suppose so.’ ► I suppose so  ‘Can we come with you?’ ‘Oh, I suppose so.’ ► so tired (that)  I’m so tired I could sleep for a week. ► Without so much as  Without so much as a word of thanks, Ben turned and went back into the office (=he did not even say thank you as he should have done). Phrases PHRASES FROM OTHER ENTRIES► so/as far as I am aware► not too/so bad The roads weren't too bad. At first, things were not so bad. Compared to how I feel, how I look is not so bad. She began to think that perhaps village life was not so bad. The Ky is not too bad. The policing here is not so bad. The Vatican, I must say, is not too bad when it is full and the resonance is reduced. The weather was not too bad. We played really well and while the other contenders still had to play each other, our run-in was not too bad. ► so much the better If it makes illegal drug use even more difficult, so much the better. You can use dried parsley, but if you have fresh, so much the better. And if I am Peter, so much the better. And if that can change things, so much the better Female speaker He's the little man having a kick. But if I can manage with fewer trips to the store, so much the better. If love eventually grows, so much the better. If they are alive so much the better, but they can be persuaded to take dead ones. If they can fit in with the room's general style, so much the better. If we can improve the team another way, so much the better. So a single fluorescent tube will be adequate, and if you have used floating plants, so much the better. ► make/be so bold (as to do something)► if I may be so bold And what, if I may be so bold, is the meaning of this note? ► (and) deservedly so It received universally ecstatic reviews, and deservedly so. Nandina is long favored, and deservedly so. The move up to verse can be ineffective, deservedly so. The next day, the press criticism was withering, deservedly so. ► even so She had only seen Matthew Godden once before, but even so she recognized him instantly. The fines for speeding are large, but even so, they are not always a deterrent. Try to run on a soft surface, such as grass. Even so, you may start having knee problems. And yet even so, holy and awesome though they were, they kept the mark of what they had sprung from. But even so, the original pledge was to get 24 countries into the programme, not 20. Some people may remain well but even so they are able to infect others. The lesson: it is, even so, never too late to act. The people could not have been more charming but even so I sensed an undercurrent of suspicion. The trumpets shall sound and the Lord shall descend even so it is. This he freely admitted, although, even so, neither he nor Mama would ever reveal what his real name was. Yet even so, the United States still leads most industrialized countries in teenage pregnancies, abortions and childbearing. ► ever so cold/wet/nice etc► go so far/as far as to do something► so far I think he's done a great job so far. There haven't been any problems so far. This is the hottest day we've had so far this summer. We've raised twelve thousand dollars so far, and we expect to reach our goal by the end of next week. And so far Conservative strategy has been anything but effective. Because he was so far ahead in his first year, he spent his time on other things. However, the military were not having much success so far. On the other hand, the technology plainly is not ready; so far, the tests have been embarrassing. Our final rehearsal before Farnham, however, delivered the cruellest blow so far. Selman has sold off two-thirds of his herd so far. The treatment so far had been innocuous: quinine pills and injections of alum water. There were times that Iverson was so far down the court that Mutombo didn't make it to halfcourt. ► so far so good "How's your new job?" "So far so good." ► as/so far as I’m concerned► as/so far as something is concerned► as/so far as I know/I can remember/I can tell/I can see etc► in so far as/insofar as/in as far as► not so fast Not so fast! You'll scrape the paint! Not so fast, guys. One win doesn't make a championship season. Both were expanding their departments as well, though not so fast as Ranieri. But not so fast, or so the town of Oro Valley decided August 30. It's also big, but not so fast or user-friendly despite its curious system of organizing bits into folders. ► and so forth The study included women of different ages, races and so forth. And she thought, oh, maybe she was just overtired, and so forth. By uh by listing factors and so forth. He must choose a diet, exercise, relaxation, and so forth. Motion precedes quiescence, which in turn precedes motion, which in turn precedes quiescence, and so forth. Please would we list our safety equipment, the radio, the distress beacon, and so forth? Satan has sovereignties and powers and so forth working for him as well. Try Yahoo listings of organizations and so forth, and Google for mentions on Web pages. You browse the Web daily for ideas and download interesting articles from newspapers, magazines and so forth. ► I guess so/not "She wasn't happy?" "I guess not." Dope, is it? I guess so. ► not half as/so good/interesting etc (as somebody/something)► as it happens/it just so happens► so help me (God) A police station, so help me, is a piece of the action. But, so help me ... I have done nothing! ► I should hope so (too)► I hope so "So you're going to the Amazon?" "I hope so." I thought so. I hoped so. Right. I hope so, yeah. Was it worth it? I hope so. Will he get the chance to step up? I hope so. ► I don’t feel too hot/so hot/very hot► how so? "The scriptures make it perfectly clear." "Oh, how so?" Have you noticed how so many adverts for chocolate are aimed at girls? He does not entirely explain how so many people could lift off so quickly into the deal-making stratosphere. I do not understand how so many Black men stay sane, look after their children and strive to walk beside them. I repeated the details of how so many of Green's family had been murdered at Auschwitz. ► just so Her house always has to be just so. Because is just so expensive and you know, food attracts residents. Did you write to me just so I could agree with you? He presses just so hard, no harder. It just so happens that this region includes the heartland of Charles the Bald's kingdom. Life can last just so long, you understand. Tamayo swears he comes in at 8 a. m. every day just so he can work out. There were just so many animals around. ► would you be kind enough to do something/be so kind as to do something► without so much as a by your leave► like this/that/so Aye, some boys will be like that. But it was not always like this. Geniculate, at first glimpse, is something like that. He was an associate of Neuhaus, and like that legendary figure imparted the richest sense of cultural and human ideals. How typical of Iris to think of such a detail at a time like this. It goes like this: 1. Nothing even remotely like this had ever happened to her before, and she didn't like it. ► so long "So long,'' he said. "Don't forget to write.'' She grabbed Nick by the shoulders and hugged him affectionately. "So long, Nick.'' All those words he had hoarded for so long and released so grudgingly. As we look at this reply, it is clear why psychotherapy often takes so long. Dunn's mouth was open so long that it dried inside and he could not swallow or salivate. Just so long as there are decent shows either side of it. The reality was long ago - oh so long ago! They also maintained that it would be impossible to hold fair trials so long after the alleged crimes had been committed. Things were going on for so long that I thought he would stay here and things would be settled. To wait so long for a clean cup of water was beyond me. ► as/so long as As long as you're just sitting there, come help me with the groceries. Pam stayed awake as long as she could. You can go as long as you're home for dinner. At the least, officials said, the move will postpone implementation of the program for as long as six months. Fortunately Scott was reasonably obedient as long as some one kept a close watch over him. His fame will remain undiminished as long as the game of cricket is played. It's quite possible you won't even realise this, so long as you each mirror the same changes. It is not a wasted experience as long as it can be purged of negative overtones. This is three times as long as the Canon's heads, so I haven't included replacements in the page costs. Wet wood can recover as long as it dries out relatively quickly. Why did they not know that as long as they did not speak, he was all right? ► I/you should be so lucky! Sleep past 6 a.m.? I should be so lucky! ► if you don’t mind my saying so/if you don’t mind me asking► not so much ... as ...► not/without so much as something I never received so much as a reply. The car survived the accident without so much as a dent. He had never had a day of sickness, not so much as a cold. How could we have put their bag into ours without so much as a single check? I, who had traveled all that long day on that train without so much as a cheese in my pocket? It is a matter of tone, not so much as content. So far in Rajasthan, I had not so much as nodded to another female. That he had dumped her without a word, without so much as a goodbye. We got our six appearances, and not so much as one drop-by or mix-and-mingle extra. When they go straight to bed without so much as ordering a toasted sandwich or spending money at the bar. ► so much for something So much for 3.75% Profit Share figures and so much for staff motivation. Thank you so much for coming. Thank you so much for your encouragement in the past. That diagnosis is not so much for therapeutic reasons as for administrative and management purposes. The boys have been lovely and Kenneth has done so much for me. The method she resorted to was novel, not so much for the times but for her. Together with the right kind of support we could have fun together and achieve so much for ourselves and our diocese. We take the railways so much for granted. ► so near and yet so far► never so much as I do everything for him, and he's never so much as made me a cup of coffee. Clarisa had never so much as dusted his butt with baby powder. He never so much as twitched. Naturally he had never so much as whispered this phrase to a living soul. Tesla was told firmly that he must never so much as mention the subject of alternating current. They passed a hundred yards away and never so much as changed course to take a closer look. ► every so often Every so often we go down to the beach. Every so often, Frank looked up at me and smiled. The silence was broken every so often by the sound of guns in the distance. And every so often a transvestite would swagger past, some more obvious than others. I come and visit him every so often. I followed Mundin into the shed, turning every so often and glowering at Fifi, who trailed behind us. It looked as though it weighed a ton and seemed to quiver every so often. It will do that every so often on your birthday. The every so often it was mopped, the every so often sprayed. They talked in a close huddle and every so often would both turn round and look at me. ► quite/quite so At Carville, things were not quite so stark. In fact, my recent diet hadn't been quite so reckless. It's not quite so good the second time around, never mind the fourth or fifth. It was all right walking in the mountains but not quite so safe-looking to drive. Mental programming, of course, does not have to be quite so extreme. No hotel service could be quite so crass. The people might be made to kneel, but the elements were not quite so easy to muzzle. The voices of the neighborhood teenagers are not quite so shrill. ► and rightly so We were blamed, and rightly so, for this mess. For the most part, criteria of critical reasoning are internal to disciplines or professional fields, and rightly so. It will undoubtedly be one for public debate, and rightly so. Many organizations see this as a blind leap of faith, and rightly so. Such an arrangement would probably be considered out of the question today, and rightly so. Symphony No. 88 has always been a favourite and rightly so, as well as the Oxford, helped by its nickname. The Bolshevik reputation stood high, and rightly so, for at least they acknowledged the question and officially embraced national independence. The reaction to arguments from silence is usually noisy vituperation, and rightly so. The White House would not put the president in that position again and rightly so. ► if I may say so And his manner was, if I may say so, more relaxed, almost like an aristocrat. And if I may say so, they seem more useful than yours. For my interior vision, if I may say so, it still works. Now, you're a plants-woman of no small renown, if I may say so, your ladyship. Suicidal, if I may say so. Unlike, if I may say so, the dabblings of your brother in the theology of physics. Very sexist of you to assume otherwise, if I may say so. ► somebody’s say-so Kathleen evidently ran things around the office and nothing could be done without her say-so. Nobody here leaves without my say-so. Tell him he can use the car, but only on my say-so. ► on somebody’s say-so I'd feel terrible if anyone went to see the play on my say-so and hated it. ► sink so low How could he have sunk so low? Because she had never sunk so low, and never would. Don't let yourself sink so low again - come and talk to me or to the doctor. Few bands sink so low, few soar this high. Probably because even she had not expected him to sink so low. She had not sunk so low as to join the ranks of that sisterhood! ► so to speak We have to pull down the barriers, so to speak, of poverty. Being in charge of a lethal weapon, so to speak. Denver had come around, so to speak. He could get caught up in the story, so to speak, and little by little begin to forget himself. Other than that, the world was my artistic oyster, so to speak. The babies, so to speak, are helplessly powerful. The whole of life, so to speak, is involved in the pursuit of the good life. These constitute, so to speak, the raw materials for effective education perse. To get back to business, so to speak. ► I told you so I could never work with a man like that and I told him so. I didn't like his mood. I told her so, but she just laughed. I was not disappointed. I told myself so, firmly, several times. I wouldn't have blamed him if he'd walked away and I told him so. There; I told you so. To sum up: I told you so. True it is that Ewan Beg thought he had killed his dallta - for I told him so. What matters is that we lived like writers, and that I told them so. ► so there!► somebody is (so) up himself/herself etc► very much so It was like Hi De Hi backstage, very much so. ► so what? "Don't go in there, he's sleeping." "So what?" After all, Twickenham only holds 65,000 people, so what about the other fans throughout the country? And so what, she thought, so what? And the special language of the specialist is a substitute for thought. So what are we to do? Part of the fun includes a trip to make-up. So what does the future hold for Fiona and David? She might think he was a little coarse doing that after saying he despised her, but so what? We are behind in the opinion polls. So what? You climbed Mount Everest? So what? ► in so many words "Did he say we got the contract?" "Not in so many words." In so many words, she told me that I don't have any talent. Although it has not said so in so many words, it is also for the supranational space. And, if taxed by such as Sylvester, he probably would not now admit it in so many words. But I also knew that if I admitted to that in so many words, Janir would start fussing. It hurts to write that out in so many words, but how could it be otherwise. Oh, not in so many words, of course. There is, in fact, considerable nervousness about saying these things in so many words. To be fair, the majority report does not in so many words advance the argument. Zuwaya had a deterrent theory of peace, and stated it in so many words. the fifth note in a musical scale according to the sol-fa system
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英语词典包含52748条英英释义在线翻译词条，基本涵盖了全部常用单词的英英翻译及用法，是英语学习的有利工具。