a type of molecule used in altering the development of genes by preventing the access of other molecules
Word origin
C21: from the organic compound morpholine
Examples of 'morpholino' in a sentence
morpholino
Selected candidate genes were phenotypically validated in vivo by morpholino knockdown.
Ke'ale W. Louie, Alfonso Saera-Vila, Phillip E. Kish, Justin A. Colacino, Alon Kahana 2017, 'Temporally distinct transcriptional regulation of myocyte dedifferentiation and Myofibergrowth during muscle regeneration', BMC Genomicshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12864-017-4236-y. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Morpholino knockdown of kcnq1 in the zebrafish resulted in abnormal kidney development and filtration capacity.
Ching-Ti Liu, Maija K Garnaas, Adrienne Tin, Anna Kottgen, Nora Franceschini, CarmenA Peralta, Ian H de Boer, Xiaoning Lu, Elizabeth Atkinson, Jingzhong Ding, MichaelNalls, Daniel Shriner, Josef Coresh, Abdullah Kutlar, Kirsten Bibbins-Domingo, DavidSiscovick, Ermeg Akylbekova, Sharon Wyatt, Brad Astor, Josef Mychaleckjy, Man Li,Muredach P Reilly, Raymond R Townsend, Adebowale Adeyemo, Alan B Zonderman, Marizade Andrade, Stephen T Turner, Thomas H Mosley, Tamara B Harris, Charles N Rotimi,Yongmei Liu, Sharon L R Kardia, Michele K Evans, Michael G Shlipak, Holly Kramer,Michael F Flessner, Albert W Dreisbach, Wolfram Goessling, L Adrienne Cupples, W LindaKao, Caroline S Fox 2011, 'Genetic association for renal traits among participants of African ancestry revealsnew loci for renal function.', PLoS Geneticshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3169523?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Morpholino injection has been used to generate a cerkl knockdown zebrafish model.
Marina Riera, Demian Burguera, Jordi Garcia-Fernàndez, Roser Gonzàlez-Duarte 2013, 'CERKL knockdown causes retinal degeneration in zebrafish.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3650063?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Plakoglobin 1a morpholino-injected embryos showed normal tooth development with proper initiation and differentiation.
Barbara Verstraeten, Jolanda van Hengel, Ann Huysseune 2016, 'Beta-Catenin and Plakoglobin Expression during Zebrafish Tooth Development and Replacement.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4777446?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Antisense morpholino knockdown results in intracranial and intramuscular hemorrhage at 3 days post fertilization.
Andy H. Vo, Alok Swaroop, Yang Liu, Zachary G. Norris, Jordan A. Shavit 2013, 'Loss of Fibrinogen in Zebrafish Results in Symptoms Consistent with Human Hypofibrinogenemia',PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0074682. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The morpholino-mediated knockdown of golph2 results in edema formation.
Leike Li, Luan Wen, Yu Gong, Guoqiang Mei, Jinsong Liu, Yonglong Chen, Tao Peng 2012, 'Xenopus as a Model System for the Study of GOLPH2/GP73 Function: Xenopus golph2 IsRequired for Pronephros Development', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0038939. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We confirm the efficiency of the translation blocking morpholino at the protein level.
Sylvaine Huc-Brandt, Nelson Hieu, Thibaut Imberdis, Nicolas Cubedo, Michelle Silhol,Patricia L. A. Leighton, Thomas Domaschke, W. Ted Allison, Véronique Perrier, MireilleRossel 2014, 'Zebrafish Prion Protein PrP2 Controls Collective Migration Process during LateralLine Sensory System Development', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0113331. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Moreover, rapid and effective gene-specific knockdown can be achieved using morpholino oligonucleotides.
Arie O Verkerk, Carol Ann eRemme 2012, 'Zebrafish: a novel research tool for cardiac (patho)electrophysiology and ion channeldisorders', Frontiers in Physiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fphys.2012.00255/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Previous studies have reported shank3 morphants in zebrafish using the morpholino method.
Chun-xue Liu, Chun-yang Li, Chun-chun Hu, Yi Wang, Jia Lin, Yong-hui Jiang, QiangLi, Xiu Xu 2018, 'CRISPR/Cas9-induced shank3b mutant zebrafish display autism-like behaviors', Molecular Autismhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13229-018-0204-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Knockdown of blt1 by morpholino antisense oligonucleotides resulted in delayed epiboly at gastrulation.
Toshiaki Okuno, Tohru Ishitani, Takehiko Yokomizo 2015, 'Biochemical characterization of three BLT receptors in zebrafish.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4349892?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)