Cytoskeletal rearrangement was determined using immunofluorescent techniques.
Qian Yu, Xu Han, Da-Li Tian 2017, 'Deficiency of Functional Iron-Sulfur Domains in ABCE1 Inhibits the Proliferation andMigration of Lung Adenocarcinomas By Regulating the Biogenesis of Beta-Actin In Vitro',Cellular Physiology and Biochemistryhttps://www.karger.com/Article/FullText/485090. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Elements of their cell walls are formed inside the cell under cytoskeletal control.
Yekaterina Bedoshvili, Ksenia Gneusheva, Maria Popova, Alexey Morozov, Yelena Likhoshway 2018, 'Anomalies in the valve morphogenesis of the centric diatom alga Aulacoseira islandicacaused by microtubule inhibitors', Biology Openhttp://bio.biologists.org/content/7/8/bio035519. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We show that changes in cell shape follow cytoskeletal reorientation with a significant temporal delay.
Uta Faust, Nico Hampe, Wolfgang Rubner, Norbert Kirchgessner, Sam Safran, Bernd Hoffmann,Rudolf Merkel 2011, 'Cyclic stress at mHz frequencies aligns fibroblasts in direction of zero strain.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3241701?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Additionally, we monitor, using immuno-fluorescence, incorporation of actin variants in cytoskeletal structures in transfected cells.
Rommelaere Heidi, Waterschoot Davy, Neirynck Katrien, Vandekerckhove Joël, AmpeChristophe 2004, 'A method for rapidly screening functionality of actin mutants and tagged actins',Biological Procedures Onlinehttp://www.biologicalprocedures.com/bpo/arts/1/94/m94.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Instead, the majority of the observed changes were cytoskeletal proteins and their regulators.
Allyson G. Hindle, Sandra L. Martin 2013, 'Cytoskeletal Regulation Dominates Temperature-Sensitive Proteomic Changes of Hibernationin Forebrain of 13-Lined Ground Squirrels', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0071627. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Osmotic stress has been shown to regulate cytoskeletal protein expression.
Bettina S. Buchmaier, Asima Bibi, Gerhard A. Müller, Gry H. Dihazi, Marwa Eltoweissy,Jenny Kruegel, Hassan Dihazi 2013, 'Renal Cells Express Different Forms of Vimentin: The Independent Expression Alterationof these Forms is Important in Cell Resistance to Osmotic Stress and Apoptosis', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0068301. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Vesicles travel down cytoskeletal ‘circuitry' and their collisions may result in reflection, fusion or annihilation.
Richard Mayne, Andrew Adamatzky 2015, 'On the Computing Potential of Intracellular Vesicles', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0139617. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Finally, reorganization and degradation of cytoskeletal filaments occurred.
Sissel Beate Rønning, Petter Vejle Andersen, Mona Elisabeth Pedersen, Kristin Hollung 2017, 'Primary bovine skeletal muscle cells enters apoptosis rapidly via the intrinsic pathwaywhen available oxygen is removed', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0182928. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These observations render a perspective about differential cytoskeletal responses towards numerous stimuli.
Siddharth Deshpande, Thomas Pfohl 2015, 'Real-Time Dynamics of Emerging Actin Networks in Cell-Mimicking Compartments', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0116521. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)