give ( pt gave ) , pp given

( 低于某点 ) ⇒ 30岁以下 sānshí suì yǐxià → under thirty ⇒ 这里的气温常年在20度以下。 Zhèlǐ de qìwēn chángnián zài èrshí dù yǐxià. → The temperature here is below twenty degrees all year round. ⇒ 俱乐部成员多数在30岁以下。 Jùlèbù chéngyuán duōshù zài sānshí suì yǐxià. → Most of the club members are under thirty. ⇒ 这个店的玩具价格200元以下的占了80%。 Zhège diàn de wánjù jiàgé èrbǎi yuán yǐxià de zhànle bǎi fēn zhī bāshí. → 80% of the toys in the shop sell for less than two hundred yuan.

think ( pt , pp thought ) ⇒ 我以为你不想来呢！ Wǒ yǐwéi nǐ bù xiǎng lái ne! → I thought you didn't want to come! ⇒ 老李以为这件事跟他没关系。 Lǎo Lǐ yǐwéi zhè jiàn shì gēn tā méi guānxì. → Old Li reckoned that this had nothing to do with him.

in order that

in case ⇒ 做好准备，以免不必要的麻烦。 Zuòhǎo zhǔnbèi, yǐmiǎn bù bìyào de máfan. → Prepare yourself thoroughly in case of unnecessary trouble.

⇒ 10年以前 shí nián yǐqián → ten years ago ⇒ 10年以前，这里还是一片废墟。 Shí nián yǐqián, zhèlǐ háishì yī piàn fèixū. → Ten years ago this was still a complete ruin. ⇒ 她以前是老师。 Tā yǐqián shì lǎoshī. → She was a teacher before.

as well as ⇒ 夜校开设了英文班、法文班以及德文班。 Yèxiào kāishèle Yīngwén bān, Fǎwén bān yǐjí Déwén bān. → The night school has started up classes in English, French and German. ⇒ 医学专家讲解了这一传染病的特点以及防治方法。 Yīxué zhuānjiā jiǎngjiěle zhè yī chuánrǎnbìng de tèdiǎn yǐjí fángzhì fāngfǎ. → The medical expert explained the peculiarities of this infectious disease, as well as the methods of prevention.

⇒ 两年以后 liǎng nián yǐhòu → two years later ⇒ 两年以后，他果然去周游世界了。 Liǎng nián yǐhòu, tā guǒrán qù zhōuyóu shìjiè le. → Two years later, he did indeed go on a round-the-world tour. ⇒ 以后我们去看电影。 Yǐhòu wǒmen qù kàn diànyǐng. → Afterwards we're going to see a film.

the past ⇒ 他以往身体不好，现在非常健康。 Tā yǐwǎng shēntǐ bù hǎo, xiànzài fēicháng jiànkāng. → In the past his health wasn't too good, but he's very healthy now.

⇒ 入冬以来 rù dōng yǐlái → since the beginning of the winter ⇒ 入冬以来，这里已经下了5场雪。 Rù dōng yǐlái, zhèlǐ yǐjīng xiàle wǔ cháng xuě. → There have been five snowfalls here since the beginning of the winter.

( 表示延伸 ) ⇒ 这项工程可能需要两年以至更长的时间。 Zhè xiàng gōngchéng kěnéng xūyào liǎng nián yǐzhì gèng cháng de shíjiān. → This project will perhaps require two years or even more. ⇒ 小学生、中学生以至大学生都来看这个展览。 Xiǎoxuéshēng, zhōngxuéshēng yǐzhì dàxuéshēng dōu lái kàn zhège zhǎnlǎn. → Elementary school students, middle school students and even college students came to see the exhibition.

so that ⇒ 她操劳过度，以致累垮了身体。 Tā cāoláo guòdù, yǐzhì lèi kuǎle shēntǐ. → She worked so hard that she damaged her health.

( 怎么 ) how

⇒ 旧的工作方法必须加以改进。 Jiù de gōngzuò fāngfǎ bìxū jiāyǐ gǎijìn. → The old working methods need to be improved.

( 能够 ) can ⇒ 别人能做到的,你也可以。 Biérén néng zuòdào de, nǐ yě kěyǐ. → If other people can do it, so can you.

( 表示结果 ) so ⇒ 路上堵车，所以我迟到了。 Lùshang dǔchē, suǒyǐ wǒ chídào le. → There was a lot of traffic, so I am late.

give ( pt gave ) , pp given ⇒ 给以资助 gěiyǐ zīzhù → give financial support

be enough

hard ⇒ 难以启齿 nányǐ qǐchǐ → not know where to start ⇒ 难以置信 nányǐ zhìxìn → hard to believe

the reason why

become used to ⇒ 大熊猫对人山人海的参观者已经习以为常了。 Dàxióngmāo duì rénshān-rénhǎi de cānguānzhě yǐjīng xí yǐ wéi cháng le. → The panda has long become accustomed to the huge crowds of visitors.

Chinese whispers

set an example

wait for the enemy to wear themselves out

turn one's nose up at

sit and await one's fate

day and night ⇒ 加固堤坝的工程夜以继日地进行着。 Jiāgù dībà de gōngchéng yè yǐ jì rì de jìnxíng zhe. → Work on reinforcing the dam continued day and night.

have one's wish granted

( 贬 ) get carried away ⇒ 他高兴得忘乎所以。 Tā gāoxìng de wàng hū suǒ yǐ. → He was so happy he got quite carried away.

eagerly await ⇒ 人们对总统大选的结果拭目以待。 Rénmen duì zǒngtǒng dàxuǎn de jiéguǒ shì mù yǐ dài. → People were eagerly awaiting the result of the presidential election.

persevere ⇒ 英语学习要持之以恒。 Yīngyǔ xuéxí yào chí zhī yǐ héng. → You must persevere with your English studies.

treat ... lightly ⇒ 对安全问题千万不能掉以轻心。 Duì ānquán wèntí qiānwàn bùnéng diào yǐ qīng xīn. → Safety issues should never be treated lightly.

work round the clock

⇒ 他梦寐以求的愿望终于实现了。 Tā mèngmèi yǐ qiú de yuànwàng zhōngyú shíxiàn le. → He finally realized his long-cherished dream.

believe oneself to be infallible

if things carry on this way ⇒ 这些学生天天吸烟喝酒, 长此以往肯定荒废学业。 Zhèxiē xuéshēng tiāntiān xīyān hējiǔ, cháng cǐ yǐ wǎng kěndìng huāngfèi xuéyè. → These students smoke and drink every day - if they carry on this way they'll certainly neglect their studies.

compromise one's standards

in short ⇒ 一言以蔽之，任何一种改革都必须从实际出发。 Yī yán yǐ bì zhī, rènhé yī zhǒng gǎigé dōu bìxū cóng shíjì chūfā. → In short, any kind of reform must have a basis in reality.

an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth

take ... as ( pt took ) , pp taken