Among these viremic patients, twenty-two (81.4%) were sequenced in reverse transcriptase and protease coding regions.
Hubert Barennes, Stéphanie Guillet, Setha Limsreng, Sovanvatey Him, Janin Nouhin,Chanroeurn Hak, Chanvatey Srun, Gerald Viretto, Vara Ouk, Jean Francois Delfraissy,Olivier Ségéral 2014, 'Virological failure and HIV-1 drug resistance mutations among naive and antiretroviralpre-treated patients entering the ESTHER program of Calmette Hospital in Cambodia.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4148321?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Ten patients responded; however, three have been resistant and are still viremic.
Mehrnoush Kosaryan, Aily Aliasgharian 2015, 'Decrease of Hepatitis C Burden in Patients With Transfusion Dependent Beta ThalassemiaMajor, Thalassemia Research Center, 1995 – 2014', Journal of Pediatrics Reviewhttp://jpr.mazums.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-30-31&slc_lang=en&sid=1. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These exposures resulted in transient viremic episodes without established infection.
Aline Munier, Diaa Marzouk, Florence Abravanel, Mai El-Daly, Sylvia Taylor, RashaMamdouh, Waleed Salah Eldin, Hanan Ezz El-Arab, Dalia Gaber Sos, Mohamed Momen, OmarOkasha, Lenaig Le Fouler, Mostafa El-Hosini, Jacques Izopet, Mona Rafik, Matthew Albert,Mohamed Abdel-Hamid, Mostafa Kamal Mohamed, Elisabeth Delarocque-Astagneau, ArnaudFontanet 2013, 'Frequent transient hepatitis C viremia without seroconversion among healthcare workersin Cairo, Egypt.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3585182?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
On day 1 postpartum 29% of piglets were viremic.
P.F. Gerber, F.M. Garrocho, Z.I.P. Lobato 2014, 'The effects of sow viremia and maternal antibodies in porcine circovirus 2 on viralinfection and weight of piglets', Arquivo Brasileiro de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecniahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-09352014000200012&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Of these, 234 cases occurred in 2010, most of them potentially viremic.
Guy La Ruche, Dominique Dejour-Salamanca, Pascale Bernillon, Isabelle Leparc-Goffart,Martine Ledrans, Alexis Armengaud, Monique Debruyne, Gérard-Antoine Denoyel, SégolèneBrichler, Laetitia Ninove, Philippe Desprès, Marc Gastellu-Etchegorry 2013, 'Capture–Recapture Method for Estimating Annual Incidence of Imported Dengue, France,2007–2010', Emerging Infectious Diseaseshttps://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/19/11/12-0624_article. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
One viremic donor was found in 1999.
Sérgio Setúbal, Cláudia Alessandra da Silva Cárdias, Solange Artimos de Oliveira,Jussara Pereira do Nascimento 2004, 'Viremic blood donor found by a rapid screening method in a season of high human parvovirusB19 activity in Niterói, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil', Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz.http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0074-02762004000100017. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, about one third of fetal samples acquired infection from non-viremic individuals.
Yakov Vitrenko, Iryna Kostenko, Kateryna Kulebyakina, Khrystyna Sorochynska 2017, 'Prevalence of human pegivirus-1 and sequence variability of its E2 glycoprotein estimatedfrom screening donors of fetal stem cell-containing material', Virology Journalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12985-017-0837-y. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Viremic dissemination was observed in the liver, spleen, kidney, and brain.
Yu-Hsuan Wu, Chin-Kai Tseng, Chun-Kuang Lin, Chih-Ku Wei, Jin-Ching Lee, Kung-ChiaYoung 2018, 'ICR suckling mouse model of Zika virus infection for disease modeling and drug validation.',PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseaseshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6218097?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
They usually become highly viremic and pose an increased risk of virus transmission.
Zili Mohamed, Karoui Mongi, Bejaoui Mohamed, Oussaief Lassad, Regaya Faouzi, KhelifaRidha 2007, 'Parvovirus B19 infection in Tunisian patients with sickle-cell anemia and acute erythroblastopenia',BMC Infectious Diseaseshttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2334/7/123. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)