Ehrlichiae are small, gram-negative, obligately intracellular bacteria that reside within a phagosome.
David H. Walker, J. Stephen Dumler 1996, 'Emergence of the Ehrlichioses as Human Health Problems', Emerging Infectious Diseaseshttps://wwwnc.cdc.gov/eid/article/2/1/96-0102_article. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
One (obligately) flightless morph emerges as an adult with vestigial wings and vestigial flight muscles.
Neetha Nanoth Vellichirammal, Anthony J. Zera, Rudolf J. Schilder, Cody Wehrkamp,Jean-Jack M. Riethoven, Jennifer A. Brisson 2014, 'De Novo Transcriptome Assembly from Fat Body and Flight Muscles Transcripts to IdentifyMorph-Specific Gene Expression Profiles in Gryllus firmus', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0082129. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
All of these viruses are obligately aphid transmitted and phloem-limited.
Elizabeth N. Krueger, Randy J. Beckett, Stewart M. Gray, W. Allen eMiller 2013, 'The complete nucleotide sequence of the genome of Barley yellow dwarf virus-RMV revealsit to be a new Polerovirus distantly related to other yellow dwarf viruses', Frontiers in Microbiologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmicb.2013.00205/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Underground flowers are cleistogamous, obligately autogamous and morphologically highly modifiedin structure and function.
Gabriela Speroni, Primavera Izaguirre, Gabriel Bernardello, Jorge Franco 2009, 'Intrafloral phenology of Trifolium polymorphum Poir. (Leguminosae) aerial flowersand reproductive implications Fenologia intrafloral das flores aéreas de Trifoliumpolymorphum Poir. (Leguminosae) e suas implicações reprodutivas', Acta Botânica Brasílicahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-33062009000300029. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
On the contrary, their eyes are even less sensitive than those of the obligately diurnal common wasps.
Almut Kelber, Fredrik Jonsson, Rita Wallén, Eric Warrant, Torill Kornfeldt, EmilyBaird 2011, 'Hornets Can Fly at Night without Obvious Adaptations of Eyes and Ocelli', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0021892. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The beetles are obligately dependent on the fungus that provides essential vitamins, amino acids and sterols.
De Fine Licht Henrik H, Biedermann Peter H W 2012, 'Patterns of functional enzyme activity in fungus farming ambrosia beetles', Frontiers in Zoologyhttp://www.frontiersinzoology.com/content/9/1/13. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)