Micellization in the presence of caffeic acid was an endothermic process, which was entropically controlled.
Antonio Cid, Oscar A. Moldes, Juan C. Mejuto, Jesus Simal-Gandara 2019, 'Interaction of Caffeic Acid with SDS Micellar Aggregates', Moleculeshttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/24/7/1204. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Consequently, such fragments perform their function by mediating entropically advantageous contact with the water environment.
Irena Roterman, Mateusz Banach, Leszek Konieczny 2017, 'Propagation of Fibrillar Structural Forms in Proteins Stopped by Naturally OccurringShort Polypeptide Chain Fragments', Pharmaceuticalshttps://www.mdpi.com/1424-8247/10/4/89. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Although superhydrophobic surfaces are not always icephobic, the theoretical mechanisms behind icephobicity are similar to the entropically driven hydrophobic interactions.
Rahul Ramachandran, Marina Kozhukhova, Konstantin Sobolev, Michael Nosonovsky 2016, 'Anti-Icing Superhydrophobic Surfaces: Controlling Entropic Molecular Interactionsto Design Novel Icephobic Concrete', Entropyhttp://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/18/4/132. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The entropically driven binding process indicates that hydrophobic interactions play a major role in the overall binding process.
V Anbazhagan, Rajeshwer S Sankhala, Bhanu Pratap Singh, Musti J Swamy 2011, 'Isothermal titration calorimetric studies on the interaction of the major bovine seminalplasma protein, PDC-109 with phospholipid membranes.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3193528?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The formation of the metal complexes has been found to be spontaneous, endothermic, and entropically favourable.
A. A. El-Bindary, A. Z. El-Sonbati, M. A. Diab, M. K. Abd El-Kader 2013, 'Potentiometric and Thermodynamic Studies of Some Schiff-Base Derivatives of 4-Aminoantipyrineand Their Metal Complexes', Journal of Chemistryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/682186. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)