[1880–85; ex-1 + -ine1]This word is first recorded in the period 1880–85. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: interface, irredentist, quotation mark, rain check, regionalismex- is a prefix meaning “out of,” “from,” and hence “utterly,” “thoroughly,” and sometimesimparting a privative or negative force or indicating a former title, status, etc.;freely used as an English formative. Other words that use the affix ex- include: ex-member, ex-wife, exstipulate, exterritorial; -ine is a suffix of adjectives of Greek or Latin origin, meaning “of or pertaining to,”“of the nature of,” “made of,” “like”. Other words that use the affix -ine include: asinine, crystalline, equine, marine
Examples of 'exine' in a sentence
exine
Pollen grains are large and round with spiked exine.
Anna Wróblewska 2012, 'Pollen efficiency and insect visitation of Malope trifida Cav. flowers', Acta Agrobotanicahttps://pbsociety.org.pl/journals/index.php/aa/article/view/1796. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The pollen grains of dcm1 are proved to be defective in exine formation.
Chao Zhang, Yi Shen, Ding Tang, Wenqing Shi, Dongmei Zhang, Guijie Du, Yihua Zhou,Guohua Liang, Yafei Li, Zhukuan Cheng 2018, 'The zinc finger protein DCM1 is required for male meiotic cytokinesis by preservingcallose in rice.', PLoS Geneticshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6258382?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The pollen wall consists of gametophyte-derived intine and sporophyte-derived exine.
Zhenyi Chang, Mingna Jin, Wei Yan, Hui Chen, Shijun Qiu, Shan Fu, Jixing Xia, YuchenLiu, Zhufeng Chen, Jianxin Wu, Xiaoyan Tang 2018, 'The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter OsABCG3 is essential for pollen developmentin rice', Ricehttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12284-018-0248-8. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
It was mainly expressed in anther when exine started to form.
Zhenyi Chang, Mingna Jin, Wei Yan, Hui Chen, Shijun Qiu, Shan Fu, Jixing Xia, YuchenLiu, Zhufeng Chen, Jianxin Wu, Xiaoyan Tang 2018, 'The ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter OsABCG3 is essential for pollen developmentin rice', Ricehttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12284-018-0248-8. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Three different types of exine ornamentation were observed: psilate, scabrate and perforate.
Saulo M. Sousa, Patrícia M.O. Pierre, Giovana A. Torres, Lisete C. Davide, LydersonF. Viccini 2013, 'Relationship between pollen morphology and chromosome numbers in Brazilian speciesof Lippia L. (Verbenaceae)', Anais da Academia Brasileira de Ciênciashttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0001-37652013000100147&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The exine of grains forms a pattern of striae characteristic for a given taxon.
Mirosława Chwil 2014, 'Micromorphology of pollen grains of three cultivars of Prunus armeniaca L.', Modern Phytomorphologyhttp://phytomorphology.org/PDF/MP6/06045045.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The sporopollenin exine surface possesses phenolic, alkane, alkene, ketone, lactone and carboxylic acid groups.
Grahame eMackenzie, Grahame eMackenzie, Andrew N Boa, Alberto Diego Taboada, StephenL. Atkin, Thozhukat eSathyapalan 2015, 'Sporopollenin, the least known yet toughest natural biopolymer', Frontiers in Materialshttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fmats.2015.00066/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Three types of exine ornamentation were recognized, perforate, reticulate and granulate.
wael taha kasem 2017, 'Pollen grains and seed-morphology as related to Biochemical Patterns in five speciesof genus Ocimum L (Lamiaceae Juss.) of Saudi Arabia', Journal of Phytologyhttps://updatepublishing.com/journal/index.php/jp/article/view/3131. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)