These findings indicated that gambogic acid induced the autophagic process.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Combining chloroquine and gambogic acid may be a promising treatment for pancreatic cancer.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The treatment combination of gambogic acid and chloroquine synergistically inhibited tumor growth in the xenograft tumor model.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Gambogic acid also increased the formation of both acidic vesicular organelles and autophagosomes, and increased autophagic flux.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This indicated that the inhibition of autophagy could mitigate the cellular protective effects induced by gambogic acid.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
A xenograft tumor model of pancreatic cancer was created to determine the efficacy of gambogic acid and chloroquine.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The results also indicate that gambogic acid treatment combined with gemcitabine might be a promising chemotherapy strategy for pancreatic cancer.
Guanggai Xia, Hongcheng Wang, Ziliang Song, Qingcai Meng, Xiuyan Huang, Xinyu Huang 2017, 'Gambogic acid sensitizes gemcitabine efficacy in pancreatic cancer by reducing theexpression of ribonucleotide reductase subunit-M2 (RRM2)', Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Researchhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13046-017-0579-0. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Our previous study suggested that gambogic acid might be involved in autophagy; however, its role in pancreatic cancer remained unclear.
Hongcheng Wang, Zhi Zhao, Shizhou Lei, Shaoli Li, Zhen Xiang, Xiaoyu Wang, XiuyanHuang, Guanggai Xia, Xinyu Huang 2019, 'Gambogic acid induces autophagy and combines synergistically with chloroquine to suppresspancreatic cancer by increasing the accumulation of reactive oxygen species', Cancer Cell Internationalhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s12935-018-0705-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)