Each giraffid astragalus exhibits a unique combination of anatomical characteristics.
Nikos Solounias, Melinda Danowitz 2016, 'Astragalar Morphology of Selected Giraffidae', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0151310. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The giraffid astragalar morphologies reinforce previously established phylogenetic relationships.
Nikos Solounias, Melinda Danowitz 2016, 'Astragalar Morphology of Selected Giraffidae.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC4814102?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The present study establishes terminology and describes detailed morphological features on giraffid astragali.
Nikos Solounias, Melinda Danowitz 2016, 'Astragalar Morphology of Selected Giraffidae', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0151310. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)