These results may be explained by the collisional deactivations of photoexcited molecules.
Geert K. Moortgat, Ivan Juranić, Jovan Tadić 2001, 'Photooxidation of n-Hexanal in Air', Moleculeshttp://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/6/4/287/. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, under high pump intensities (high photoexcited carrier densities) the bimolecular process dominated the recombination.
T. Chlouba, F. Trojánek, J. Laube, D. Hiller, S. Gutsch, M. Zacharias, P. Malý 2018, 'Interplay of bimolecular and Auger recombination in photoexcited carrier dynamicsin silicon nanocrystal/silicon dioxide superlattices', Scientific Reportshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-018-19967-x. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Photoexcited electrons and holes localize at cluster metal and oxygen sites, respectively.
Stephen Rhatigan, Michael Nolan 2019, 'Activation of Water on MnOx-Nanocluster-Modified Rutile (110) and Anatase (101) TiO2and the Role of Cation Reduction', Frontiers in Chemistryhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fchem.2019.00067/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These experiments allow investigating ultrafast dynamical processes in photoexcited molecules.
Pascal Heim, Michael Rumetshofer, Sascha Ranftl, Bernhard Thaler, Wolfgang E. Ernst,Markus Koch, Wolfgang von der Linden 2019, 'Bayesian Analysis of Femtosecond Pump-Probe Photoelectron-Photoion Coincidence Spectrawith Fluctuating Laser Intensities', Entropyhttp://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/1/93. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We apply it to the study of photoexcited graphite with femtosecond and nanosecond resolutions.
Renske M. van der Veen, Thomas J. Penfold, Ahmed H. Zewail 2015, 'Ultrafast core-loss spectroscopy in four-dimensional electron microscopy', Structural Dynamicshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4916897. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The efficient lifetime of photoexcited electrons was also obviously lengthened.
Binghua Xu, Zeng Chen, Shengjun Li 2016, 'Aluminum-Doped SnO2 Hollow Microspheres as Photoanode Materials for Dye-SensitizedSolar Cells', International Journal of Photoenergyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3129896. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Despite intensive research on photoexcited molecules, stereocontrol of direct bond formation upon photoexcitation remains limited.
Xiaoqiang Huang, Xinyao Li, Xiulan Xie, Klaus Harms, Radostan Riedel, Eric Meggers 2017, 'Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of a nitrogen heterocycle through stereocontrolleddirect photoreaction from electronically excited state', Nature Communicationshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41467-017-02148-1. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The rate of recombination and transfer behaviour of the photoexcited electron–hole pairs in the semiconductors was recorded by photoluminescence.
Kiran Gupta, R. P. Singh, Ashutosh Pandey, Anjana Pandey 2013, 'Photocatalytic antibacterial performance of TiO2 and Ag-doped TiO2 against S. aureus.P. aeruginosa and E. coli', Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnologyhttps://doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.40. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The injection of photoexcited charge carriers (electrons) could be responsible for the appearance of the observed opto-response.
Yaping Qi, Hao Ni, Ming Zheng, Jiali Zeng, Yucheng Jiang, Ju Gao 2018, 'Photoresponse in La0.9Hf0.1MnO3/0.05wt%Nb-doped SrTiO3 heteroepitaxial junctions',AIP Advanceshttp://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5003914. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This preparation route obviously facilitated the charge transfer and reduced the recombination of photoexcitedelectron/hole.
Quanpeng Chen, Jinhua Li, Baoxue Zhou, Mingche Long, Hongchong Chen, Yanbiao Liu,Weimin Cai, Wenfeng Shangguan 2012, 'Preparation of well-aligned WO3 nanoflake arrays vertically grown on tungsten substrateas photoanode for photoelectrochemical water splitting', Electrochemistry Communicationshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1388248112001427. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)