any of a group of phospholipids, derived from sphingosine, that occur in biological membranes, being especially abundant in the brain
Word origin
from sphingo-, from Greek sphingein to bind + myelin
sphingomyelin in American English
(ˌsfɪŋɡouˈmaiəlɪn)
noun
Biochemistry
any of the class of phospholipids occurring chiefly in the brain and spinal cord, composed of phosphoric acid, choline, sphingosine, and a fatty acid
Word origin
[‹ NL sphingo-, comb. form repr. Gk sphíngein to draw tight + myelin]
Examples of 'sphingomyelin' in a sentence
sphingomyelin
This inhibitive effect of lovastatin on sphingomyelin may benefit cellular calcification caused by sphingomyelin.
Qi Zhou, Allan Luo, Fred A Kummerow 2016, 'Lovastatin reversed the enhanced sphingomyelin caused by 27-hydroxycholesterol incultured vascular endothelial cells', Biochemistry and Biophysics Reportshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2405580815001442. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Sphingomyelin metabolites, such as ceramide, sphingosine and sphingosine-1-phosphate have also gained tremendous interest.
Sandra eMerscher, Sandra eMerscher, Alessia eFornoni, Alessia eFornoni 2014, 'Podocyte Pathology and Nephropathy', Frontiers in Endocrinologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fendo.2014.00127/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
At the outer surface of host cells, it binds to the sphingomyelin of lipid rafts.
Rassow Joachim 2011, 'Helicobacter pylori vacuolating toxin A and apoptosis', Cell Communication and Signalinghttp://www.biosignaling.com/content/9/1/26. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Severe deregulation in acylcarnitine and sphingomyelin metabolism compatible with mitochondrial deficiencies was observed.
Bruno Scarpellini, Michelle Zanoni, Maria Cecilia Araripe Sucupira, Hong-Ha M Truong,Luiz Mario Ramos Janini, Ismael Dale Cotrin Segurado, Ricardo Sobhie Diaz 2016, 'Plasma Metabolomics Biosignature According to HIV Stage of Infection, Pace of DiseaseProgression, Viremia Level and Immunological Response to Treatment.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC5152829?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The dysfunctions cause sphingomyelin to accumulate in different organs.
Russka Shumnalieva, Simeon Monov, Viara Shoumnalieva-Ivanova, Rasho Rashkov 2016, 'Adult Niemann-Pick disease type B with myositis ossificans: a case report', Acta Reumatológica Portuguesahttp://www.actareumatologica.com/files/article/1100_adult_niemann_pick_disease_type_b_with_myositis_ossificans_a_case_report_file.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Sphingomyelin levels were lower in diabetic patients than in non-diabetic patients before surgery.
Elin Rebecka Carlsson, Josefine Liv Gilling Grundtvig, Sten Madsbad, Mogens Fenger 2018, 'Changes in Serum Sphingomyelin After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Relatedto Diabetes Status', Frontiers in Endocrinologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00172/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We suggest that several mechanisms might be mediated by sphingolipids like sphingomyelin.
Elin Rebecka Carlsson, Josefine Liv Gilling Grundtvig, Sten Madsbad, Mogens Fenger 2018, 'Changes in Serum Sphingomyelin After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Relatedto Diabetes Status', Frontiers in Endocrinologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00172/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Pre- and postoperative sphingomyelin levels were compared within and between groups.
Elin Rebecka Carlsson, Josefine Liv Gilling Grundtvig, Sten Madsbad, Mogens Fenger 2018, 'Changes in Serum Sphingomyelin After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass Surgery Are Relatedto Diabetes Status', Frontiers in Endocrinologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fendo.2018.00172/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Sphingolipids are a fascinating class of signaling molecules derived from the membrane lipid sphingomyelin.
Robert eBrunkhorst, Rajkumar eVutukuri, Waltraud ePfeilschifter 2014, 'Fingolimod for the treatment of neurological diseases– state of play and future perspectives',Frontiers in Cellular Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fncel.2014.00283/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These include phospholipids, ceramides, sphingomyelin, cerebrosides, cholesterol and their oxidized derivatives.
Alfred N. Fonteh, Robert J. Harrington, Andreas F. Huhmer, Roger G. Biringer, JamesN. Riggins, Michael G. Harrington 2006, 'Identification of Disease Markers in Human Cerebrospinal Fluid Using Lipidomic andProteomic Methods', Disease Markershttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2006/202938. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)