Pleural biopsy revealed granulomatous infection in 53.8% and chronic pleuritis in 46.2% of patients.
Aylin Babalik, Sule Kiziltas, Korkmaz Oruc, Gulgun Cetintas, Sinem Altunbey, HalukCelalettin Calisir 2013, 'The profile of pleural tuberculosis patients in Turkey', Medicine Sciencehttp://www.ejmanager.com/fulltextpdf.php?mno=24938. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Pleural malignancy (59.6%) and nonspecific pleuritis (29.4%) were the most common pathologies.
Robert Kyskan, Pen Li, Sunita Mulpuru, Carolina Souza, Kayvan Amjadi 2017, 'Safety and Performance Characteristics of Outpatient Medical Thoracoscopy and IndwellingPleural Catheter Insertion for Evaluation and Diagnosis of Pleural Disease at a TertiaryCenter in Canada', Canadian Respiratory Journalhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/9345324. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Thoracoscopic biopsy specimens were compatible with fibrotic pleuritis.
Naoto Ishimaru, Hisashi Ohnishi, Mao Fujii, Masako Yumura, Sho Yoshimura, Saori Kinami 2018, 'Microscopic polyangiitis presented with biopsy-confirmed pleuritis', Monaldi Archives for Chest Diseasehttps://www.monaldi-archives.org/index.php/macd/article/view/897. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
On pathology, pleuritis with vascular pleural adhesions was found.
Sat Sharma, Robert Smith, Fahad Al-Hameed 2002, 'Fibrothorax and Severe Lung Restriction Secondary to Lupus Pleuritis and Its SuccessfulTreatment by Pleurectomy', Canadian Respiratory Journalhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/740878. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Tuberculous pleurisy was diagnosed in six while uraemic pleuritis was diagnosed in 20 subjects.
Sravan Kumar, Ritesh Agarwal, Amanjit Bal, Kusum Sharma, Navneet Singh, Ashutosh NAggarwal, Indu Verma, Satyawati V Rana, Vivekanand Jha 2015, 'Utility of adenosine deaminase (ADA), PCR & thoracoscopy in differentiating tuberculous& non-tuberculous pleural effusion complicating chronic kidney disease', Indian Journal of Medical Researchhttp://www.ijmr.org.in/article.asp?issn=0971-5916;year=2015;volume=141;issue=3;spage=308;epage=314;aulast=Kumar. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Further, the prevalence of pleuritis decreased with time.
Sjölund Marie, Wallgren Per 2010, 'Field experience with two different vaccination strategies aiming to control infectionswith Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae in a fattening pig herd', Acta Veterinaria Scandinavicahttp://www.actavetscand.com/content/52/1/23. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Pleural biopsy by video-assisted thoracoscopy demonstrated chronic pleuritis with a non-necrotizing granulomatous reaction.
Shungo Yukumi, Hiraku Ichiki, Junichi Funada, Hideaki Suzuki, Masamitsu Morimoto,Teppei Fujita, Naoki Izumi, Masahiro Abe 2015, 'Postcardiac injury syndrome following vascular interventional radiofrequency ablationfor paroxysmal atrial fibrillation', Respiratory Medicine Case Reportshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2213007115000222. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The nonspecific clinical presentation and paucibacillary nature of tuberculous pleuritis remains a challenge for diagnosis.
Parameet Kumar, Manas K Sen, Devendra S Chauhan, Vishwa M Katoch, Sarman Singh, HanumanthappaK Prasad 2010, 'Assessment of the N-PCR assay in diagnosis of pleural tuberculosis: detection of M.tuberculosis in pleural fluid and sputum collected in tandem.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2856669?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Medical files of patients with tuberculous pleuritis and non-tuberculous pleuritis were reviewed.
Kamaldeen Baba, Anwar A Hoosen, Nina Langeland, Anne M Dyrhol-Riise 2008, 'Adenosine deaminase activity is a sensitive marker for the diagnosis of tuberculouspleuritis in patients with very low CD4 counts.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2464737?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)