an active enzyme consisting of a protein component (apoenzyme) and its coenzyme
holoenzyme in American English
(ˌhɑloʊˈɛnˌzaɪm; ˌ hoʊloʊˈɛnˌzaɪm)
noun
a complete enzyme, formed from an apoenzyme and a coenzyme
holoenzyme in American English
(ˌhɑlouˈenzaim)
noun
an enzyme complete in both its apoenzyme and coenzyme components
Word origin
[1940–45; holo- + enzyme]This word is first recorded in the period 1940–45. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: Rh factor, black box, redline, silkscreen, snorkelholo- is a combining form meaning “whole,” “entire,” used in the formation of compoundwords. Other words that use the affix holo- include: hologamous, hologram, holohedral, holophrastic, holoplankton
Examples of 'holoenzyme' in a sentence
holoenzyme
Specific holoenzyme complexes are thought to be deregulated during oncogenic transformation and oncogene-induced signaling.
Pieter J A Eichhorn, Menno P Creyghton, Kevin Wilhelmsen, Hans van Dam, René Bernards 2007, 'A RNA interference screen identifies the protein phosphatase 2A subunit PR55gammaas a stress-sensitive inhibitor of c-SRC.', PLoS Geneticshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2134945?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Adaptive amino acid replacements at these regions may have optimized the holoenzyme activity.
Gao Lei, Liang Bo, Fares Mario A, Sen Lin, Wang Bo, Wang Ting, Su Ying-Juan 2011, 'Molecular evolution of rbcL in three gymnosperm families: identifying adaptiveand coevolutionary patterns', Biology Directhttp://www.biology-direct.com/content/6/1/29. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This provides the first indication for isoform-specific differences in holoenzyme formation.
Sarah G. Cook, Ashley M. Bourke, Heather O'Leary, Vincent Zaegel, Erika Lasda, JannaMize-Berge, Nidia Quillinan, Chandra L. Tucker, Steven J. Coultrap, Paco S. Herson,K. Ulrich Bayer 2018, 'Analysis of the CaMKIIα and β splice-variant distribution among brain regions revealsisoform-specific differences in holoenzyme formation', Scientific Reportshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-018-23779-4. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Tumor cells have an unlimited replicative potential, principally due to the holoenzyme telomerase.
Romina Gabriela Armando, Diego Luis Mengual Gómez, Ezequiel Ivan Juritz, PabloLorenzano Menna, Daniel Eduardo Gomez 2018, 'Homology Model and Docking-Based Virtual Screening for Ligands of Human Dyskerin asNew Inhibitors of Telomerase for Cancer Treatment', International Journal of Molecular Scienceshttp://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/19/10/3216. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
If there are significant matches, the holoenzyme and the target protein are superimposed based on congruent atoms.
Sandeep Chakraborty 2016, 'DOCLASP - Docking ligands to target proteins using spatial and electrostatic congruenceextracted from a known holoenzyme and applying simple geometrical transformations[version 3; referees: 2 approved]', F1000Researchhttp://f1000research.com/articles/3-262/v3. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The proteasome holoenzyme also targets fibrils assembled from α-synuclein, suggesting that its fibril-fragmenting function may be a general mechanism.
Rachel Cliffe, Jason C. Sang, Franziska Kundel, Daniel Finley, David Klenerman, YuYe 2019, 'Filamentous Aggregates Are Fragmented by the Proteasome Holoenzyme', Cell Reportshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2211124719301330. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)