The prepupal and pupal periods lasted for 7-8 and 10-14 days, respectively.
T.D. VERMA, R.K. GAUR 1994, 'BIOECOLOGY OF DIORYCTRIA ABIETELLA DENIS AND SCHIFF. A PEST OF CONIFERS IN THE NORTH-WESTERNHIMALAYA', Biotropia: The Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Biologyhttp://journal.biotrop.org/index.php/biotropia/article/view/115/86. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Loss of function of gemin3 results in lethality at larval and/or prepupal stages.
Ruben J Cauchi, Kay E Davies, Ji-Long Liu 2008, 'A motor function for the DEAD-box RNA helicase, Gemin3, in Drosophila.', PLoS Geneticshttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC2577925?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
But this tendency was not observed in the prepupal stage.
Giejdasz Karol, Fliszkiewicz Monika 2016, 'Effect of Temperature Treatment during Development of Osmia rufa L., on Mortality,Emergence and Longevity of Adults', Journal of Apicultural Sciencehttp://www.degruyter.com/view/j/jas.2016.60.issue-2/jas-2016-0029/jas-2016-0029.xml?format=INT. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Prepupal phase was lengthened in wild poinsettia leaves.
Cláudio Gonçalves Silva, Brígida Souza, Alexander Machado Auad, Jean Patrick Bonani,Lucas Castro Torres, César Freire Carvalho, Carvalho Carlos Ecole 2004, 'Desenvolvimento das fases imaturas de Chrysoperla externa alimentadas com ninfas deBemisia tabaci criadas em três hospedeiros Development of immature stages of Chrysoperlaexterna fed on nymphs of Bemisia tabaci biotype B reared on three hosts', Pesquisa Agropecuária Brasileirahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0100-204X2004001100002. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The prepupal period lasted 120.2 days and the prepupa stayed inactive in soil.
Sérgio Roberto Rodrigues, Crislany de Lima Barbosa, Anderson Puker, Alfredo Raul Abot,Sergio Ide 2008, 'Occurrence, biology and behavior of Liogenys fuscus Blanchard (Insecta, Coleoptera,Scarabaeidae) in Aquidauana, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Ocorrência, biologia e comportamentode Liogenys fuscus Blanchard (Insecta, Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae) em Aquidauana, MatoGrosso do Sul, Brasil', Revista Brasileira de Entomologiahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262008000400015. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Such prepupal larvae would neither feed nor grow after spring thaw, only pupate and emerge.
Malcolm G. Butler, Shane D. Braegelman 2018, 'Pre-emergence growth and development in the arctic midge Trichotanypus alaskensisBrundin', Journal of Limnologyhttps://www.jlimnol.it/index.php/jlimnol/article/view/1836. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Nest architecture, occurrence of communal nests and breaking of prepupal diapause are also mentioned.
Md. Abdul Hannan, Yasuo Maeta, Ryôichi Miyanaga 2013, 'Nesting biology and life cycle of Nomia (Acunomia) chalybeata Smith on Iriomote Island,southernmost Archipelago of Japan, with notes on the simultaneous occurrence of diapausingand non-diapausing prepupae within the same nests (Hymenoptera: Halictidae)', Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Scienceshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1658077X12000306. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The prepupal stage lasted 65.9 days and the pupal stage lasted an average of 18.5 days.
Sergio Roberto Rodrigues, Crislany Lima Barbosa, Alfredo Raul Abot, Sérgio Ide 2012, 'Occurrence of adults and biological aspects of Geniates borelli Camerano (Coleoptera,Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae) in Aquidauana, MS, Brazil', Revista Brasileira de Entomologiahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0085-56262012000300008&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
At same time, spinetoram treatments resulted in significant increase in the prepupal and pupal periods of survivors.
Jizhen Wei, Lili Zhang, Shuo Yang, Bingtang Xie, Shiheng An, Gemei Liang 2018, 'Assessment of the lethal and sublethal effects by spinetoram on cotton bollworm.',PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC6138415?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)