an unusual increase in muscle tension making stretching difficult or impossible
hypertonia in American English
(ˌhaipərˈtouniə)
noun
Pathology
increased rigidity, tension, and spasticity of the muscles
Word origin
[1835–45; hyper- + -tonia]This word is first recorded in the period 1835–45. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: catch-up, cutaway, daisy chain, hot plate, proteinhyper- is a prefix appearing in loanwords from Greek, where it meant “over,” usually implyingexcess or exaggeration (hyperbole). On this model, hyper- is used, especially as opposed to hypo-, in the formation of compound words (hyperthyroid). Other words that use the affix hyper- include: Hyperborean, hyperbilirubinemia, hypercorrection, hyperopia, hyperparathyroidism
Examples of 'hypertonia' in a sentence
hypertonia
On physical examination there was optic atrophy, hypertonia and hyperreflexia.
ROSANA HERMINIA SCOLA, LINEU CESAR WERNECK, CÁSSIO SLOMPO RAMOS, LIZELOTE MENKE BAREA,FRANCISCO M. BEZERRA DA CUNHA, ÂNGELA M. SANDERSON 1999, 'Distrofia neuroaxonal infantil: relato de dois casos Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy:report of two cases', Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatriahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1999000600017. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Hypertonia and hypereflexia are classically described responses to upper motor neuroninjury.
Jeffrey E Florman, Hugues eDuffau, Anand Indulal Rughani 2013, 'Lower motor neuron findings after upper motor neuron injury: Insights from postoperativesupplementary motor area syndrome', Frontiers in Human Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnhum.2013.00085/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
There was hypertonia and hyperreflexia in the affected limbs.
Saugata Acharyya, Sanchari Chakravarty 2018, 'Congenital dermal sinus with extensive intramedullary expansion and an infected spinalepidermoid cyst in an infant', Journal of Family Medicine and Primary Carehttp://www.jfmpc.com/article.asp?issn=2249-4863;year=2018;volume=7;issue=5;spage=1103;epage=1105;aulast=Acharyya. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The evaluation will involve the analysis of gait, static and functional balance, mobility and hypertonia.
Pasini Neto Hugo, Grecco Luanda André, Christovão Thaluanna CL, Braun Luiz, GiannasiLilian, Salgado Afonso Shiguemi, de Moura Renata Calhes, de Carvalho Paulo de TarsoCamillo, Corrêa João CF, Sampaio Luciana MM, Galli Manuela, Oliveira Claudia 2012, 'Effect of posture-control insoles on function in children with cerebral palsy: Randomizedcontrolled clinical trial', BMC Musculoskeletal Disordershttp://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2474/13/193. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The paper presents a patient with a typical clinical picture of hypertonia diaphragm.
Bartosz Kochański, Krystian Kałużny, Anna Kałużna, Łukasz Wołowiec, Walery Zukow 2016, 'Fizjoterapia w hipertonii przepony – opis przypadku = Physiotherapy in hypertoniaof the diaphragm - a case study', Journal of Education, Health and Sporthttp://www.ojs.ukw.edu.pl/index.php/johs/article/view/3710. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Aged patients, hypertension, high myopia and oculi hypertonia may be risk factors.
Man-Hong Li, Hai-Yan Wang, Li-Jun Chen, Yu-Sheng Wang, Yan-Nian Hui, Zi-Feng Zhang 2017, 'Clinical analysis of suprachoroidal hemorrhage complicated by intraocular surgery',Guoji Yanke Zazhihttp://ies.ijo.cn/cn_publish/2017/2/201702032.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The neurologic examination revealed an irritable patient with marked extensor hypertonia and opisthotonos.
Cristiane Rocha, Nelson Gonfinetti, Loraine Pelluci, Maria Sheila Guimarães Rocha 2002, 'Hipocalcemia e crises neonatais: Um caso raro de hipoparatireoidismo congênito Hypocalcemiaand neonatal seizures: a rare case of congenital hypoparathyroidism', Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatriahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X2002000100025. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
He had coarse facies, appendicular hypertonia, truncal ataxia and ichthyosis limited to both lower limbs.
Udhaya H Kotecha, Sireesha Movva, Deepak Sharma, Jyotsna Verma, Ratna Dua Puri, IshwarChander Verma 2014, 'Molecular evaluation of a novel missense mutation & an insertional truncating mutationin SUMF1 gene', Indian Journal of Medical Researchhttp://www.ijmr.org.in/article.asp?issn=0971-5916;year=2014;volume=140;issue=1;spage=55;epage=59;aulast=Kotecha. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Generalised hypertonia and hyperreflexia were noted on examination.
Charles C. Anunobi, Olufemi Bankole, Nzechukwu Z. Ikeri, Nurudeen A. Adeleke 2016, 'Suprasellar Clear Cell Meningioma in an Infant; Case report', Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journalhttp://squmj.org/index.php/squmj/article/view/148. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Recent advancements in instrumented spasticity assessments offer objective measurement methods for distinction and quantification of hypertonia components.
Lynn Bar-On, Guy Molenaers, Erwin Aertbeliën, Anja Van Campenhout, Hilde Feys, BartNuttin, Kaat Desloovere 2015, 'Spasticity and Its Contribution to Hypertonia in Cerebral Palsy', BioMed Research Internationalhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/317047. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)