Foreign bodies may be deposited in the oral cavity either by traumatic injury or iatrogenically.
Sidhi Passi, Neeraj Sharma 2012, 'Unusual Foreign Bodies in the Orofacial Region', Case Reports in Dentistryhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/191873. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The condition can occur spontaneously, or iatrogenically after surgical seeding.
Petrus Kruger, Patricia Lee 2014, 'Disseminated peritoneal leiomyomatosis: A case report and review of the literature',South African Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecologyhttp://www.sajog.org.za/index.php/sajog/article/download/874/467. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Subcutaneous emphysema can develop spontaneously, traumatically or iatrogenically.
Mahmut Tokur, Can Kürkçüoğlu 2012, 'Management of Subcutaneous Emphysema', Journal of Clinical and Analytical Medicinehttp://www.jcam.com.tr/files/KATD-658.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Secondary aortoenteric fistulas may occur iatrogenically after either aortic reconstructivesurgery or endovascular repair.
Aytaç Gülcü, Naciye Sinem Gezer, Şevket Baran Uğurlu, Ahmet Yiğit Göktay 2016, 'An Aortoenteric Fistula Arising after Endovascular Management of a Mycotic AbdominalAortic Aneurysm Complicated with a Psoas Abscess', Iranian Journal of Medical Scienceshttp://ijms.sums.ac.ir/index.php/IJMS/article/view/1179. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This article presents a case of retrieval of iatrogenically broken periosteal elevator trapped in the maxillary sinus.
Nureldeen Elhammali, Pratik Bipinkumar Kariya, Kirankumar Sudulakunta Vorse, AnitSingh 2017, 'Management of iatrogenically exposed maxillary sinus with a broken periosteal elevatortrapped inside', Advances in Human Biologyhttp://www.aihbonline.com/article.asp?issn=2321-8568;year=2017;volume=7;issue=2;spage=92;epage=94;aulast=Elhammali. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We report a case where fistula developed iatrogenically during repeated intercostal drainage tube insertions for empyema.
Darbari Anshuman, Tandon Shekhar, Singh G 2007, 'Gastropleural fistula: Rare entity with unusual etiology', Annals of Thoracic Medicinehttp://www.thoracicmedicine.org/article.asp?issn=1817-1737;year=2007;volume=2;issue=2;spage=64;epage=65;aulast=Darbari. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Our findings suggest that normal non-cycling differentiated cells may serve as a reservoir of iatrogenically induced mutations.
Wilber Quispe-Tintaya, Moonsook Lee, Xiao Dong, Daniel A. Weiser, Jan Vijg, AlexanderY. Maslov 2018, 'Bleomycin-induced genome structural variations in normal, non-tumor cells', Scientific Reportshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-018-34580-8. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)