Surgery involved both at lantoaxial and subaxial cervical fixation.
Atul Goel 2015, 'Posterior atlantoaxial ′facetal′ instability associated with cervical spondyloticdisease', Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spinehttp://www.jcvjs.com/article.asp?issn=0974-8237;year=2015;volume=6;issue=2;spage=51;epage=55;aulast=Goel. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The patients with subaxial subluxation had onset of the disease at a younger age.
André Luiz Passos Cardoso, Nilzio Antonio da Silva, Sérgio Daher, Frederico Barrade Moraes, Humberto Franco do Carmo 2010, 'Avaliação da coluna cervical no paciente com artrite reumatoide Evaluation of thecervical column in patients with rheumatoid arthritis', Revista Brasileira de Ortopediahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-36162010000200010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The most frequent instabilities were: atlantoaxial instability (42.9 %), subaxial subluxation (20%) and basilar invagination (14.3%).
André Luiz Passos Cardoso, Nilzio Antonio da Silva, Sérgio Daher, Frederico Barrade Moraes, Humberto Franco do Carmo 2010, 'Avaliação da coluna cervical no paciente com artrite reumatoide Evaluation of thecervical column in patients with rheumatoid arthritis', Revista Brasileira de Ortopediahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-36162010000200010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Basilar invagination was found in five patients and subaxial subluxation in seven patients.
André Luiz Passos Cardoso, Nilzio Antonio da Silva, Sérgio Daher, Frederico Barrade Moraes, Humberto Franco do Carmo 2010, 'Avaliação da coluna cervical no paciente com artrite reumatoide Evaluation of thecervical column in patients with rheumatoid arthritis', Revista Brasileira de Ortopediahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0102-36162010000200010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
We report two cases of neglected/untreated fracture–dislocation at subaxial cervical spine.
Kunal Shah, Akshay Gadiya, Abhay Nene 2018, 'Autostabilization of neglected high-grade fracture–dislocation in the cervical spine',Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spinehttp://www.jcvjs.com/article.asp?issn=0974-8237;year=2018;volume=9;issue=4;spage=274;epage=276;aulast=Shah. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Postoperative sagittal kyphosis of the subaxial spine was not observed.
Xiang Guo, Bin Ni, Ning Xie, Xuhua Lu, Qunfeng Guo, Ming Lu 2014, 'Bilateral C1-C2 transarticular screw and C1 laminar hook fixation and bone graft fusionfor reducible atlantoaxial dislocation: a seven-year analysis of outcome.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3909196?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The occiput or subaxial spine was included in the arthrodesis in 10 patients.
Mazda K Turel, Mena G Kerolus, Vincent C Traynelis 2017, 'Machined cervical interfacet allograft spacers for the management of atlantoaxialinstability', Journal of Craniovertebral Junction and Spinehttp://www.jcvjs.com/article.asp?issn=0974-8237;year=2017;volume=8;issue=4;spage=332;epage=337;aulast=Turel. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The prevalence of, anterior atlantoaxial subluxation, atlantoaxial impaction and subaxial subluxation was 10(10%),5(5%) and 6(6%), respectively.
Mohammadali Nazarinia, Reza Jalli, Eskandar Kamali Sarvestani, Siamak Farahangiz,Maryam Ataollahi 2014, 'Asymptomatic atlantoaxial subluxation in rheumatoid arthritis.', Acta Medica Iranicahttp://acta.tums.ac.ir/index.php/acta/article/view/4778. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Cervical spine instability patterns related to rheumatoid arthritis are: atlanto-axial subluxation, basilar invagination and subaxial instability.
Nicolás Macchiavello Cornejo, Marcos Ganga Villagrán, Manuel Pellegrini Pucci, RonaldSchulz Ibaceta 2009, 'Columna cervical reumática Artrite reumatoide da coluna cervical Rheumatoid arthritisof the cervical spine', Coluna/Columnahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1808-18512009000100018. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)