of or having to do with the region or tissue below a cortex, esp. the brain tissue below the cerebral cortex
subcortical in American English
(sʌbˈkɔrtɪkəl)
adjective
Anatomy
situated beneath the cortex
Derived forms
subcortically
adverb
Word origin
[1805–15; sub- + cortical]This word is first recorded in the period 1805–15. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: Indo-European, diminishing returns, napoleon, one-sided, phasesub- is a prefix occurring originally in loanwords from Latin (subject; subtract; subvert; subsidy). On this model, sub- is freely attached to elements of any origin and used with the meaning “under,” “below,”“beneath” (subalpine; substratum), “slightly,” “imperfectly,” “nearly” (subcolumnar; subtropical), “secondary,” “subordinate” (subcommittee; subplot)
Examples of 'subcortical' in a sentence
subcortical
Different cortical and subcortical structures present neurons able to integrate stimuli of different sensory modalities.
Cristiano Cuppini, Mauro Ursino, Elisa Magosso, Benjamin A Rowland, Barry E Stein 2011, 'A Computational Model of the SC Multisensory Neurons: Integrative Capabilities, Maturation,and Plasticity', i-Perceptionhttps://doi.org/10.1068/ic815. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Electrical stimulation of subcortical structures may exert a control on seizure generators initiating epileptic activities.
Nasser Zangiabadi, Nasser Zangiabadi, Lady Diana Ladino, Farzad Sina, Juan Pablo Orozco-Hernández,Alexandra Carter, José Francisco Téllez-Zenteno 2019, 'Deep Brain Stimulation and Drug-Resistant Epilepsy: A Review of the Literature', Frontiers in Neurologyhttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fneur.2019.00601/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Neuroimaging and clinical studies have shown the involvement of additional cortical and subcortical regions.
Giulio ePergola, Giulio ePergola, Boris eSuchan 2013, 'Associative learning beyond the medial temporal lobe: many actors on the memory stage',Frontiers in Behavioral Neurosciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnbeh.2013.00162/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Female patients showed a decrease in the volume of frontal subcortical region.
J.I. Rojas, L. Patrucco, C. Besada, J. Funes, E. Cristiano 2013, 'Sex-related differences in atrophy and lesion load in multiple sclerosis patients',Neurología (English Edition)http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2173580813001211. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Hugo M Oliveira, João Massano 2014, 'Doutor, não consigo ver! Um caso de cegueira cortical bilateral', Galicia Clínicahttp://www.galiciaclinica.info/publicacion.asp?f=634. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Brain lesions were mostly located in subcortical and periventricular areas.
Aílton Melo, Luciana Moura, Solana Rios, Marcos Machado, Gersonita Costa 1993, 'Magnetic resonance imaging in HTLV-I associated myelopathy', Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatriahttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0004-282X1993000300006&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, in order to reach subcortical targets, intact monosynaptic connections are required.
Tonisha E. Kearney-Ramos, Daniel H. Lench, Michaela Hoffman, Brittany Correia, LoganT. Dowdle, Colleen A. Hanlon 2018, 'Gray and white matter integrity influence TMS signal propagation: a multimodal evaluationin cocaine-dependent individuals', Scientific Reportshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1038/s41598-018-21634-0. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Changes in the subcortical regions of the limbic system have also been noted.
Zheen Zhao, Warren D. Taylor, Martin Styner, David C. Steffens, K. Ranga R. Krishnan,James R. MacFall 2008, 'Hippocampus Shape Analysis and Late-Life Depression', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0001837. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Subcortical tauopathy has important pathological and clinical implications.
Keqing Zhu, Keqing Zhu, Xin Wang, Xin Wang, Bing Sun, Juanli Wu, Hui Lu, XiaolingZhang, Huazheng Liang, Huazheng Liang, Dandan Zhang, Chong Liu, Chong Liu 2019, 'Primary Age-Related Tauopathy in Human Subcortical Nuclei', Frontiers in Neurosciencehttps://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fnins.2019.00529/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Cortical lesions might be associated with late shoulder proprioception recovery compared to subcortical lesions.
Moshera Hassan Darwish, Sandra Ahmed, Ahmed Abdelalim, Abdelaziz Abdelaziz Elsherif 2018, 'Quantitative evaluation of shoulder proprioception 6 months following stroke', The Egyptian Journal of Neurology, Psychiatry and Neurosurgeryhttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s41983-018-0038-7. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)