a layer of rock or earth leveled and graded for a foundation, as of a road
subgrade in American English
(ˈsʌbˌɡreid)
Civil Engineering & Building
noun
1.
the prepared earth surface on which a pavement or the ballast of a railroad track is placed or upon which the foundation of a structure is built
adjective
2.
beneath the finished ground level of a project
Word origin
[1895–1900; sub- + grade]This word is first recorded in the period 1895–1900. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: backstage, flamenco, freewheel, hit-and-run, slapsticksub- is a prefix occurring originally in loanwords from Latin (subject; subtract; subvert; subsidy). On this model, sub- is freely attached to elements of any origin and used with the meaning “under,” “below,”“beneath” (subalpine; substratum), “slightly,” “imperfectly,” “nearly” (subcolumnar; subtropical), “secondary,” “subordinate” (subcommittee; subplot)
Examples of 'subgrade' in a sentence
subgrade
Vertical displacement was dominated in the subgrade soil layer which was relatively small.
Dongliang He, Yanhui Cheng 2018, 'Numerical Simulation for Mechanical Behavior of Asphalt Pavement with Graded AggregateBase', Advances in Civil Engineeringhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1404731. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
But these techniques are not applied effectively into the pavement to stabilize the weak subgrade.
Harindar Devavath, Shankar S, Dr. 2018, 'Experimental Study to Reinforce The Weak Subgrade Soil For Low-Volume Roads by CoirGeotextile Mats', JGEET: Journal of Geoscience, Engineering, Environment and Technologyhttp://journal.uir.ac.id/index.php/JGEET/article/view/882. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
To this end, laboratory subgrade model tests were conducted under different static vertical loads.
Yan Li, Lei Su, Xianzhang Ling, Jiahui Wang, Yingzi Yang 2018, 'Model Studies on Load-Settlement Characteristics of Coarse-Grained Soil Treated withGeofiber and Cement', Polymershttp://www.mdpi.com/2073-4360/10/6/621. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The tests were done for shell foundation at different shell embedment depth and subgrade density.
W.R. Azzam, A.M. Nasr 2015, 'Bearing capacity of shell strip footing on reinforced sand', Journal of Advanced Researchhttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2090123214000411. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This paper studies the resilient modulus of the subgrade of clay soil by laboratory testing.
Zainorabidin Adnan, Hastari Agustina Dian 2018, 'Effect of moisture content of cohesive subgrade soil', MATEC Web of Conferenceshttps://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201819503010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This paper presents the dynamic compressive stress response of pavement-subgrade induced by moving heavy-duty trucks.
Lingshi An, Feng Zhang, Yongchang Geng, Bo Lin 2018, 'Field Measurement of Dynamic Compressive Stress Response of Pavement-Subgrade Inducedby Moving Heavy-Duty Trucks', Shock and Vibrationhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/1956906. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Some sections of subgrade that were previously considered stable do not satisfy safety requirements.
Petriaev Andrei, Konon Anastasia 2019, 'Tests of geosynthetics-reinforced ballast stressed state under heavy trains', MATEC Web of Conferenceshttps://www.matec-conferences.org/articles/matecconf/pdf/2019/14/matecconf_gccets2018_01004.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Subgrade models are an approximate representation for the actual load-displacement behavior of the supporting soil.
Mughieda Omer, Mehana Mohamed Sherif, Hazirbaba Kenan 2017, 'Effect of soil subgrade modulus on raft foundation behavior', MATEC Web of Conferenceshttps://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201712006010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)