any salt or ester of butyric acid, containing the monovalent group C3H7COO- or ion C3H7COO–
butyrate in American English
(ˈbjutərˌeɪt)
noun
a salt or ester of butyric acid
butyrate in American English
(ˈbjuːtəˌreit)
noun
Chemistry
a salt or ester of butyric acid
Word origin
[1870–75; butyr(icacid) + -ate2]This word is first recorded in the period 1870–75. Other words that entered Englishat around the same time include: billing, fifth wheel, giveaway, onshore, upgrade
Examples of 'butyrate' in a sentence
butyrate
The cutinase displayed broad substrate specificity with the highest activity towards p-nitrophenyl butyrate and tributyrin.
Xiaojie Duan, Yu Liu, Xin You, Zhengqiang Jiang, Shaoxiang Yang, Shaoqing Yang 2017, 'High-level expression and characterization of a novel cutinase from Malbranchea cinnamomeasuitable for butyl butyrate production', Biotechnology for Biofuelshttp://link.springer.com/article/10.1186/s13068-017-0912-z. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Differentiating cells were treated with varying concentrations of butyrate.
Hui Yan, Kolapo M. Ajuwon 2015, 'Mechanism of Butyrate Stimulation of Triglyceride Storage and Adipokine Expressionduring Adipogenic Differentiation of Porcine Stromovascular Cells', PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0145940. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, cecal butyrate concentrations and feed intake were highly correlated.
Xiaoxi B. Lin, Arazm Farhangfar, Rosica Valcheva, Michael B. Sawyer, Levinus Dieleman,Andreas Schieber, Michael G. Gänzle, Vickie Baracos 2014, 'The Role of Intestinal Microbiota in Development of Irinotecan Toxicity and in ToxicityReduction through Dietary Fibres in Rats', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0083644. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This study investigates the effect of sodium butyrate on burn-induced lung injury.
Xun Liang, Ren-Su Wang, Fei Wang, Sheng Liu, Feng Guo, Li Sun, Yong-Jie Wang, Ye-XiangSun, Xu-Lin Chen 2013, 'Sodium Butyrate Protects against Severe Burn-Induced Remote Acute Lung Injury in Rats',PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0068786. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
These results suggested a potential mechanism of butyrate for intestine homeostasis and protection.
Wei Miao, Xiujuan Wu, Kang Wang, Wenjing Wang, Yumei Wang, Zhigang Li, Jingjing Liu,Li Li, Luying Peng 2016, 'Sodium Butyrate Promotes Reassembly of Tight Junctions in Caco-2 Monolayers InvolvingInhibition of MLCK/MLC2 Pathway and Phosphorylation of PKCβ2', International Journal of Molecular Scienceshttp://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/17/10/1696. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Butyrate, an intestinal microbiota metabolite of dietary fiber, exhibits chemoprevention effects on colon cancer development.
Huawei Zeng, David P. Taussig, Wen-Hsing Cheng, LuAnn K. Johnson, Reza Hakkak 2017, 'Butyrate Inhibits Cancerous HCT116 Colon Cell Proliferation but to a Lesser Extentin Noncancerous NCM460 Colon Cells', Nutrientshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/9/1/25. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Butyrate and propionate, but not acetate, induce gut hormones and reduce food intake.
Hua V Lin, Andrea Frassetto, Edward J Kowalik, Andrea R Nawrocki, Mofei M Lu, JenniferR Kosinski, James A Hubert, Daphne Szeto, Xiaorui Yao, Gail Forrest, Donald J Marsh 2012, 'Butyrate and propionate protect against diet-induced obesity and regulate gut hormonesvia free fatty acid receptor 3-independent mechanisms.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3323649?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In addition, butyrate worsened adipose tissue inflammation.
Luana Amorim Biondo, Alexandre Abilio S. Teixeira, Loreana S. Silveira, CamilaO. Souza, Raquel G. F. Costa, Tiego A. Diniz, Francielle C. Mosele, José CesarRosa Neto 2019, 'Tributyrin in Inflammation: Does White Adipose Tissue Affect Colorectal Cancer?',Nutrientshttp://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/11/1/110. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Butyrate was administrated at the onset of ischemia.
Jie Sun, Qiujv Wu, Huiling Sun, Yingli Qiao 2014, 'Inhibition of Histone Deacetylase by Butyrate Protects Rat Liver from Ischemic ReperfusionInjury', International Journal of Molecular Scienceshttp://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/15/11/21069. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The method includes acetate, propionate, butyrate, and isobutyrate with a run timeof 4 min.
Gerhard Liebisch, Josef Ecker, Sebastian Roth, Sabine Schweizer, Veronika Öttl, Hans-FriederSchött, Hongsup Yoon, Dirk Haller, Ernst Holler, Ralph Burkhardt, Silke Matysik 2019, 'Quantification of Fecal Short Chain Fatty Acids by Liquid Chromatography Tandem MassSpectrometry—Investigation of Pre-Analytic Stability', Biomoleculeshttps://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/9/4/121. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)