a branch of mathematics, developed independently by Newton and Leibniz. Both differential calculus and integral calculus are concerned with the effect on a function of an infinitesimal change in the independent variable as it tends to zero
2.
any mathematical system of calculation involving the use of symbols
3. logic
an uninterpreted formal system
Compare formal language (sense 2)
4. Word forms: plural-li (-ˌlaɪ) pathology
a stonelike concretion of minerals and salts found in ducts or hollow organs of the body
Word origin
C17: from Latin: pebble, stone used in reckoning, from calx small stone, counter
Examples of 'calculi' in a sentence
calculi
Three procedures were performed over a year on males with large bladder calculi.
Shenoy SP, Sharma P, Marla PK, Batchu CK 2015, 'A Novel Technique to Prevent Effluent Spillage During Percutaneous Cystolithotripsy',Online Journal of Health & Allied Scienceshttp://www.ojhas.org/issue54/2015-2-4.html. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
All patients had nephrocalcinosis and two of them had calculi.
Manel Jellouli, Mariem Ferjani, Kamel Abidi, Chokri Zarrouk, Ouns Naija, J Abdelmoula,Tahar Gargah 2016, 'Primary hyperoxaluria in infants', Saudi Journal of Kidney Diseases and Transplantationhttp://www.sjkdt.org/article.asp?issn=1319-2442;year=2016;volume=27;issue=3;spage=526;epage=532;aulast=Jellouli. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Calculi of ureter are commonly solitary and smaller than 2 cm in length.
Davut Akın, Abdullah Gedik, İlhan Kılınç 2009, 'Giant ureteral stone: a case report', Dicle Medical Journalhttp://4181.indexcopernicus.com/fulltxt.php?ICID=886024. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
There was no evidence of renal calculi or other predisposing factors.
Bandyopadhyay Ranjana, Biswas Saumitra, Nag Dipanwita, Ghosh Asit 2010, 'Squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis presenting as hydronephrosis', Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeuticshttp://www.cancerjournal.net/article.asp?issn=0973-1482;year=2010;volume=6;issue=4;spage=537;epage=539;aulast=Bandyopadhyay. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Ninety percent of them had ureteral calculi.
Ng C.F., Chan L.W., Wong K.T., Cheng C.W., Yu S.C.H., Wong W.S. 2004, 'Prediction of differential creatinine clearance in chronically obstructed kidneysby non-contrast helical computerized tomography', International Brazilian Journal of Urologyhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1677-55382004000200003. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Salivary gland calculi account for the most common disease of salivary glands.
Kamtane Smita, Ghodke Monali 2013, 'Sialolithiasis: An unusually large asymptomatic submandibular salivary stone', Stomatološki glasnik Srbijehttps://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0039-1743/2013/0039-17431301042K.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The patient recovered successfully and a commercial diet was prescribed to avoid new calculi formation.
Carlos A Hernández, Rodrigo Restrepo, Janeth Pérez 2008, 'Absceso intrarrenal y perinefrítico en una perra: Reporte de un caso Abscesso Intrarenalperinefrítico e uma cadela: Relato de caso Intrarenal and perinephric abscesses ina bitch: A case report', Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuariashttp://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0120-06902008000300010. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This study was designed to evaluate lithogenic factors in diet of patients with renal calculi.
Barbara Pyszczuk, Anna Ziółkowska 2017, 'Main Nutritional Lithogenic Factors in Diets of Polish Patients with Kidney Stones',Počkihttp://kidneys.zaslavsky.com.ua/article/view/114058. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Thereafter, the ureteric calculi were managed successfully using the combination of open and endoscopic techniques.
Natami M, Makarem A, Ahmed F, Dastgheib N, Zahraei AH 2019, 'A giant ureteral stone in a 32-year-old man: a case report', International Medical Case Reports Journalhttps://www.dovepress.com/a-giant-ureteral-stone-in-a-32-year-old-man-a-case-report-peer-reviewed-article-IMCRJ. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Stone composition was determined by urinary calculi analysis with infrared spectrometry.
Anmar Nassir, Hesham Saada, Taghreed Alnajjar, Jomanah Nasser, Waed Jameel, Soha Elmorsy,Hattan Badr 2018, 'The impact of stone composition on renal function', Urology Annalshttp://www.urologyannals.com/article.asp?issn=0974-7796;year=2018;volume=10;issue=2;spage=215;epage=218;aulast=Nassir. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
All related terms of 'calculi'
calculus
Calculus is a branch of advanced mathematics which deals with variable quantities .
renal calculus
a hard mass formed in the kidney , usually composed of oxalates , phosphates , and carbonates
formal calculus
an uninterpreted symbolic system whose syntax is precisely defined, and on which a relation of deducibility is defined in purely syntactic terms; a logistic system
integral calculus
the branch of calculus concerned with the determination of integrals and their application to the solution of differential equations , the determination of areas and volumes , etc
lambda calculus
a formalized description of functions and the way in which they combine , developed by Alonzo Church and used in the theory of certain high-level programming languages
urinary calculus
a calculus in the urinary tract
differential calculus
the branch of calculus concerned with the study, evaluation, and use of derivatives and differentials
functional calculus
the system of symbolic logic concerned not only with relations between propositions as wholes but also with the representation by symbols of individuals and predicates in propositions and with quantification over individuals
predicate calculus
the system of symbolic logic concerned not only with relations between propositions as wholes but also with the representation by symbols of individuals and predicates in propositions and with quantification over individuals
sentential calculus
the formal theory the intended interpretation of which concerns the logical relations between sentences treated only as a whole and without regard to their internal structure
infinitesimal calculus
the combined methods of mathematical analysis of → differential calculus , integral calculus
propositional calculus
the system of symbolic logic concerned only with the relations between propositions as wholes , taking no account of their internal structure
formal system
an uninterpreted symbolic system whose syntax is precisely defined, and on which a relation of deducibility is defined in purely syntactic terms; a logistic system
kidney stone
a hard mass formed in the kidney , usually composed of oxalates , phosphates , and carbonates