However, such genes have remained unknown in lower vertebrates.
Danke Wang, Dwarakanath Manali, Tiansu Wang, Narayani Bhat, Ni Hong, Zhendong Li,Li Wang, Yan Yan, Rong Liu, Yunhan Hong 2011, 'Identification of Pluripotency Genes in the Fish Medaka', International Journal of Biological Scienceshttp://www.biolsci.org/v07p0440.htm. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The pineal-related organs of lower vertebrates have the ability to discriminate different wavelengths of light.
Seiji Wada, Emi Kawano-Yamashita, Mitsumasa Koyanagi, Akihisa Terakita 2012, 'Expression of UV-Sensitive Parapinopsin in the Iguana Parietal Eyes and Its Implicationin UV-Sensitivity in Vertebrate Pineal-Related Organs', PLoS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0039003. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Some alternative explanations for these findings in lower vertebrates are discussed.
Julio M. Coll 2018, 'Herpesvirus Infection Induces both Specific and Heterologous Antiviral Antibodiesin Carp', Frontiers in Immunologyhttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fimmu.2018.00039/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In contrast to lower vertebrates, the mammalian heart has a very limited regenerative capacity.
Bram van Wijk, Quinn D Gunst, Antoon F M Moorman, Maurice J B van den Hoff 2012, 'Cardiac regeneration from activated epicardium.', PLoS ONEhttp://europepmc.org/articles/PMC3447884?pdf=render. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)