Most subjects had four coccygeal vertebrae; 93 subjects (43.66%) had partial or complete sacrococcygeal fusion.
Venkatraman Indiran, Vadivalagianambi Sivakumar, Prabakaran Maduraimuthu 2017, 'Coccygeal Morphology on Multislice Computed Tomography in a Tertiary Hospital in India',Asian Spine Journalhttp://www.asianspinejournal.org/upload/pdf/asj-11-694.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
She had a history of a sacrococcygeal chordoma.
Sepidbakht Sepideh, Solooki Said, Azarpira Negar, Mardani Ramin 2011, 'Humeral metastasis from a sacrococcygeal chordoma: a case report', Journal of Medical Case Reportshttp://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/5/1/339. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
To manage the injury, closed manual reduction of the sacrococcygeal joint was performed.
Pratik Kanabur, Anirudh Gowd, Julia A. Bulkeley, Caleb J. Behrend, Jonathan J. Carmouche 2017, 'Symptomatic sacrococcygeal joint dislocation treated using closed manual reduction:A case report with 36-month follow-up and review of literature', Trauma Case Reportshttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S235264401730050X. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
This mass was consistent with a sacrococcygeal teratoma.
Shana S. Dalal, Teresa Berry, Veronica Maria Pimentel 2019, 'Prenatal Sacrococcygeal Teratoma Diagnosed in a Fetus with Partial Trisomy 13q22',Case Reports in Obstetrics and Gynecologyhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/2892869. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Other sites of occurrence of these tumours include the mediastinum, prostate, retroperitoneum, and sacrococcygeal region.
Modupeola Omotara Samaila, Hussaini Y Maitama, Kabiru Abdullahi, Hyacinth Mbibu, GarbaDahiru Waziri 2011, 'Yolk sac tumour of the penile shaft: A rare primary extra-gonadal presentation', African Journal of Paediatric Surgeryhttp://www.afrjpaedsurg.org/article.asp?issn=0189-6725;year=2011;volume=8;issue=2;spage=241;epage=243;aulast=Samaila. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
They are most commonly found in the sacrococcygeal region and have a female preponderance.
Khan Roobina, Maheshwari Veena, Kardam Dinesh, Syed Hasan H, Faheem Mohd, Sharma Atul 2011, 'Teratoma of the lumbosacral region: a case report', Journal of Medical Case Reportshttp://www.jmedicalcasereports.com/content/5/1/370. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Sacrococcygeal neoplastic lesions are very rare entities and therefore, a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge.
Georgios Lianos, George Alexiou, Andreas Zigouris, Spyridon Voulgaris 2013, 'Sacrococcygeal neoplastic lesions', Journal of Cancer Research and Therapeuticshttp://www.cancerjournal.net/article.asp?issn=0973-1482;year=2013;volume=9;issue=3;spage=343;epage=347;aulast=Lianos. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Ultrasound was used to identify the sacrococcygeal joint and a needle was shown to enter this region.
P. J. Johnston, Pavel Michálek 2012, 'Blockade of the Ganglion Impar (Walther), Using Ultrasound and a Loss of ResistanceTechnique', Prague Medical Reporthttps://pmr.lf1.cuni.cz/113/1/0053/. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)