In the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries the civil laws defined clerical concubinage as crime.
Edlene Oliveira Silva 2011, 'Quem chegar por último é mulher do padre: as Cartas de Perdão de concubinas de padresna baixa Idade Média portuguesa Last one there's the priest's wife: the Letters ofPardon to priests concubines in lower portuguese Middle Ages', Cadernos Paguhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-83332011000200015. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The most important facts which classes are based upon in modern legal orders are kinship, marriage and concubinage.
Vidić Jelena 2011, 'Law as the legal basis to claim inheritance in the former socialist countries: Russia,the Czech Republic, Hungary and Bulgaria', Zbornik Radova: Pravni Fakultet u Novom Saduhttp://scindeks-clanci.ceon.rs/data/pdf/0550-2179/2011/0550-21791101369V.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)