Classical mathematical methods fail in handling non-convexities and non-smoothness in optimization problems.
HARISH GARG, S. P. SHARMA 2013, 'RELIABILITY–REDUNDANCY ALLOCATION PROBLEM OF PHARMACEUTICAL PLANT', Journal of Engineering Science and Technologyhttp://jestec.taylors.edu.my/Vol%208%20Issue%202%20April%2013/Volume%20(8)%20Issue%20(2)%20190-198.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Microcapillary-like structures were found to form predominantly in grooves or between convexities.
Maria Isabella Gariboldi, Richard Butler, Serena M. Best, Ruth E. Cameron 2019, 'Engineering vasculature: Architectural effects on microcapillary-like structure self-assembly',PLOS ONE10.1371/journal.pone.0210390. Retrieved from PLOS CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Autopsy revealed subdural hemorrhage over the convexities, ischemic brain injury, and preexistingpolymicrogyria.
B S Arushi Tripathy, Stephanie Dean, D O Joyce L de Jong, Carl J Schmidt, Rudy J Castellani 2018, 'Is rotational trauma the only relevant pathogenic mechanism in hemorrhagic retinopathyof shaken baby syndrome?', Journal of Forensic Science and Medicinehttp://www.jfsmonline.com/article.asp?issn=2349-5014;year=2018;volume=4;issue=2;spage=104;epage=107;aulast=Tripathy. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Nectar got into the surface through the modified stomata situated on the top of nectaries' convexities.
Małgorzata Stpiczyńska 2014, 'The structure of floral nectaries of some species of Vicia L. (Papilionaceae)', Acta Societatis Botanicorum Poloniaehttps://pbsociety.org.pl/journals/index.php/asbp/article/view/1013. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In addition, beads welded using negative polarity had smaller fusion zones and narrower heat-affected zones but higher convexities.
Andrii Mishchenko, Dumitru Caimacan, Américo Scotti 2015, 'Assessment of the Use of Negative Polarity in Double-Wire MIG/MAG-Welding FillingPasses', Soldagem & Inspeçãohttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0104-92242015000100048&lng=en&tlng=en. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, no regulations on the concavities and convexities about the slab surface are clearly shown in construction standards.
Yasuda Yuko, Kakuma Ko, Shiroto Yoshitaka, Matsumoto Takashi 2019, 'Measurement of RC slab surface shape and investigation of local water stagnation',MATEC Web of Conferenceshttps://doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201925805024. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Finally, the convexities of the cost functions and the effects of changing parameters are represented through the graphs.
S. R. Singh, Swati Sharma 2014, 'Optimal trade-credit policy for perishable items deeming imperfect production andstock dependent demand', International Journal of Industrial Engineering Computationshttp://www.growingscience.com/ijiec/Vol5/IJIEC_2013_35.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)