During summer months, monoterpene exceeded isoprene concentrations 6-fold and during winter 12-fold.
S. M. Noe, K. Hüve, Ü. Niinemets, L. Copolovici 2012, 'Seasonal variation in vertical volatile compounds air concentrations within a remotehemiboreal mixed forest', Atmospheric Chemistry and Physicshttp://www.atmos-chem-phys.net/12/3909/2012/acp-12-3909-2012.pdf. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Essential oils were mainly composed of monoterpene hydrocarbons.
Anna Wajs-Bonikowska, Łukasz Szoka, Ewa Karna, Anna Wiktorowska-Owczarek, Monika Sienkiewicz 2017, 'Abies Concolor Seeds and Cones as New Source of Essential Oils—Composition and BiologicalActivity', Moleculeshttps://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/22/11/1880. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
High percentages of monoterpene and sesquiterpene hydrocarbons could be responsible for the better antimicrobial activity.
Maria Elisabetta Guerzoni, Danka Bukvicki, Lucia Vannini, Petar D. Marin, Milan Veljic,Davide Gottardi 2012, 'Identification of Volatile Components of Liverwort (<em>Porella cordaeana</em>)Extracts Using GC/MS-SPME and Their Antimicrobial Activity', Moleculeshttp://www.mdpi.com/1420-3049/17/6/6982. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
In particular, enhanced transcription of monoterpene, sesquiterpene and carotenoid pathway genes was observed.
Lorenza Dalla Costa, Francesco Emanuelli, Massimiliano Trenti, Paula Moreno-Sanz,Paula Moreno-Sanz, Silvia Lorenzi, Emanuela Coller, Sergio Moser, Davide Slaghenaufi,Alessandro Cestaro, Roberto Larcher, Ivana Gribaudo, Laura Costantini, Mickael Malnoy,M. Stella Grando, M. Stella Grando 2018, 'Induction of Terpene Biosynthesis in Berries of Microvine Transformed with VvDXS1Alleles', Frontiers in Plant Sciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.02244/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The monoterpene hydrocarbons were the most abundant in the headspace of the fruits.
M.R.B. Franco, D. Rodriguez-Amaya, F.M. Lanças 2004, 'Compostos voláteis de três cultivares de manga (Mangifera indica L.) Volatile compositionof three cultivars of mango (Mangifera indica L.)', Food Science and Technologyhttp://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0101-20612004000200002. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
However, the individual monoterpene structures, and therefore their reactivity, differs.
Boris Bonn, Jürgen Kreuzwieser, Felicitas Sander, Rasoul Yousefpour, Tommaso Baggio,Oladeinde Adewale 2017, 'The Uncertain Role of Biogenic VOC for Boundary-Layer Ozone Concentration: ExampleInvestigation of Emissions from Two Forest Types with a Box Model', Climatehttps://www.mdpi.com/2225-1154/5/4/78. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
Insecticidal effects of monoterpene hydrocarbons were found to be lower than thoseof oxygenated monoterpenes.
Erol Yildirim, Bugrahan Emsen, Saban Kordali 2013, 'Insecticidal Effects of Monoterpenes on Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky (Coleoptera:Curculionidae)', Journal of Applied Botany and Food Qualityhttps://ojs.openagrar.de/index.php/JABFQ/article/view/2386. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
The novel nor-monoterpene glycoside, trimeroside, and three flavonoids, cirsimaritin, luteolin and quercetin, were isolated.
Marcela Silva dos Santos, Juliana da Silva, Ana Paula Simões Menezes, Francisco MaikonCorrêa de Barros, Maria Luisa Brodt Lemes, Raíssa R. Rossatto, Cleverson Feistel,Indara Dedigo de Almeida, Ivana Grivicich, Lismare Prado, Jaqueline Nascimento Picada,Alexandre de Barros Falcão Ferraz 2018, 'Biotoxicological Analyses of Trimeroside from Baccharis trimera Using a Battery ofIn Vitro Test Systems', Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevityhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/7804135. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)
For example, the specific steps of monoterpene metabolism and its regulation are largely unknown.
Laura Costantini, Christian D. Kappel, Massimiliano Trenti, Juri Battilana, FrancescoEmanuelli, Maddalena Sordo, Marco Moretto, Céline Camps, Roberto Larcher, Serge Delrot,Maria S. Grando, Maria S. Grando 2017, 'Drawing Links from Transcriptome to Metabolites: The Evolution of Aroma in the RipeningBerry of Moscato Bianco (Vitis vinifera L.)', Frontiers in Plant Sciencehttp://journal.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fpls.2017.00780/full. Retrieved from DOAJ CC BY 4.0 (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/legalcode)