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单词 schizophrenia
释义

schizophrenia

noun

schizo·​phre·​nia ˌskit-sə-ˈfrē-nē-ə How to pronounce schizophrenia (audio)
1
medical : a mental illness that is characterized by disturbances in thought (such as delusions), perception (such as hallucinations), and behavior (such as disorganized speech or catatonic behavior), by a loss of emotional responsiveness and extreme apathy, and by noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life

Note: Schizophrenia often involves an inability to orient oneself with reality, a withdrawal from social interactions, and a failure to integrate thoughts with emotions so that emotional expression is inappropriate. There are several subtypes of schizophrenia, including paranoid schizophrenia and those types marked by catatonia or hebephrenia.

2
: contradictory or antagonistic qualities or attitudes
both parties … have exhibited schizophrenia over the desired outcome Elizabeth Drew
schizophrenic
ˌskit-sə-ˈfre-nik How to pronounce schizophrenia (audio)
adjective or noun
schizophrenically
ˌskit-sə-ˈfre-ni-k(ə-)lē How to pronounce schizophrenia (audio)
adverb

Example Sentences

Recent Examples on the Web Jimenez said he was diagnosed with schizophrenia about eight months earlier but had recently stopped taking his medication. Fox News, 7 Sep. 2022 That sperm donor had also been diagnosed with schizophrenia. Alisyn Camerota, CNN, 5 Sep. 2022 According to court records, Beams was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 1995 and was the subject of a conservatorship. oregonlive, 29 Aug. 2022 One patient with schizophrenia shouted insults but the troops didn’t understand his slurred speech. WSJ, 14 Aug. 2022 Grier was diagnosed with schizophrenia, but on July 15 all that was allegedly ignored when she was taken into custody on July 15 during a health crisis. Kevin L. Clark, Essence, 1 Aug. 2022 From the moment he was diagnosed with schizophrenia, he was set on a path largely beyond his control. New York Times, 26 July 2022 But Laux said that Washington, who was diagnosed with schizophrenia in 2017, never meant to leave UAMS. Grant Lancaster, Arkansas Online, 8 July 2022 Despite being relatively unknown, trichotillomania is more common than bipolar disorder and schizophrenia. ELLE, 28 Apr. 2022 See More

Word History

Etymology

borrowed from German Schizophrenie, from schizo- schizo- + Greek phren-, phrḗn "midriff, seat of the passions, mind, wits" + German -ie -ia entry 1, after Hebephrenie hebephrenia, Paraphrenie "mental illness with delusional symptoms" — more at frenetic

Note: The German term was introduced by the Swiss psychiatrist Eugen Bleuler (1857-1939) in a lecture, "Die Prognose der Dementia Praecox (Schizophreniegruppe)," given at the annual meeting of the Deutsche Verein für Psychiatrie (German Union for Psychiatry) in Berlin on April 24, 1908. The text of the lecture, augmented by restorations abbreviated from the oral presentation, was published in the Allgemeine Zeitschrift für Psychiatrie und psychisch-gerichtliche Medizin, 56. Band (1908), pp. 436-64. The word is introduced in Bleuler's opening remarks: "Im Interesse der Diskussion möchte ich nochmals hervorheben, dass es sich bei dem Kräpelinschen Dementia praecox weder um eine notwendige Dementia, noch um eine notwendige Praecocitas handelt. Aus diesem Grunde und weil man von dem Ausdruck Dementia praecox keine adjektivischen und substantivischen Weiterbildungen machen kann, erlaube ich mir, hier das Wort Schizophrenie zur Bezeichnung des Kräpelinschen Begriffes zu benützen. Ich glaube nämlich, dass die Zerreissung oder Spaltung der psychischen Funktionen ein hervorragendes Symptom der ganzen Gruppe sei, und werde dies am anderen Orte begründen." ("In the interests of discussion I would like to emphasize once again that Kraepelin's dementia praecox is neither necessarily a form of dementia, nor a matter of early onset. On this basis, and because it is not possible to derive further adjectives or nouns from the expression dementia praecox, I allow myself here to employ the word schizophrenia to designate Kraepelin's concept. I believe that the tearing apart or splitting of psychic functions is a prominent symptom of the whole group, as I will substantiate elsewhere.") — The pronunciation of -z- as /ts/ presumably reflects the influence of the German source.

First Known Use

1909, in the meaning defined at sense 1

Medical Definition

schizophrenia

noun

schizo·​phre·​nia ˌskit-sə-ˈfrē-nē-ə How to pronounce schizophrenia (audio)
: a mental illness that is characterized by disturbances in thought (as delusions), perception (as hallucinations), and behavior (as disorganized speech or catatonic behavior), by a loss of emotional responsiveness and extreme apathy, and by noticeable deterioration in the level of functioning in everyday life

Note: Schizophrenia often involves an inability to orient oneself with reality, a withdrawal from social interactions, and a failure to integrate thoughts with emotions so that emotional expression is inappropriate. There are several subtypes of schizophrenia, including paranoid schizophrenia and those types marked by catatonia or hebephrenia.

schizophrenia

noun

as in psychosis
technical a very serious mental illness in which someone cannot think or behave normally and often experiences delusions

Synonyms & Similar Words

Relevance
  • psychosis
  • dementia
  • paranoia
  • neurosis
  • hallucinosis
  • hypomania
  • mania
  • insanity
  • instability
  • delirium
  • madness
  • irrationality
  • aberration
  • hysteria
  • derangement
  • lunacy
  • unreasonableness
  • senile dementia
  • frenzy
  • delusion
  • hallucination
  • obsession
  • phobia
  • rage
  • monomania
  • abnormality
  • unsoundness
  • dementedness

Antonyms & Near Antonyms

  • lucidity
  • rationality
  • reasonableness
  • normality
  • sanity
  • mind
  • soundness
  • reasonability
  • rationalness
  • saneness
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更新时间:2024/11/14 18:40:47