J&J is using a human adenovirus—one that is among the causes of the common cold—while AstraZeneca is using an adenovirus normally found in chimpanzees.
Under fire, AstraZeneca CEO defends transparency of COVID-19 vaccine trials|Jeremy Kahn|September 24, 2020|Fortune
This same chimpanzee adenovirus was used to make an Ebola vaccine.
Here’s what pausing the AstraZeneca-Oxford coronavirus vaccine trial really means|Aimee Cunningham|September 9, 2020|Science News
The adenovirus is designed to provoke the immune system to create a protective response against the coronavirus.
AstraZeneca has paused its vaccine trial after a participant fell ill|Charlotte Jee|September 9, 2020|MIT Technology Review
Paul Offit, a pediatrician and vaccine expert at the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, said the AstraZeneca shot involves giving large doses of a monkey adenovirus engineered so it can’t replicate.
Some scientists downplay significance of AstraZeneca’s COVID-19 vaccine trial halt|Claire Zillman, reporter|September 9, 2020|Fortune
The University of Oxford working with AstraZeneca uses a chimpanzee adenovirus.
Here’s what we know about Russia’s unverified coronavirus vaccine|Tina Hesman Saey|August 11, 2020|Science News
In addition, it is hoped that non-human adenovirus will be safer than adenovirus.
Ebola Vaccine Will Do Little for Current Crisis|Kent Sepkowitz|August 28, 2014|DAILY BEAST
The adenovirus he received was simply a vector, bringing a missing gene to his cell.
Ebola Vaccine Will Do Little for Current Crisis|Kent Sepkowitz|August 28, 2014|DAILY BEAST
Instead of using a retrovirus (as Japanese scientists had done) that can cause cancer, they are using an adenovirus which is safe.
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Medical definitions for adenovirus
adenovirus
[ ăd′n-ō-vī′rəs ]
n.
Any of the viruses of the family Adenoviridae.adenoidal-pharyngeal-conjunctival virus
Any of a group of DNA-containing viruses of the family Adenoviridae that commonly cause conjunctivitis, gastroenteritis, and respiratory infections such as colds, bronchitis, and pneumonia in humans.