humoral immunity

hu·mor·al im·mu·ni·ty

immunity associated with circulating antibodies, in contradistinction to cellular immunity. The inherent range of activity of antibody specificities is wide but proliferation of antigen-specific B cells occurs rapidly during infections leading to rapid increases in antibody titers with enhanced affinity for the inciting agent, and a more effective and directed response.

humoral immunity

n. Immunity involving the transformation of B-lymphocytes into plasma cells that produce and secrete antibodies to a specific antigen.

hu·mor·al im·mu·ni·ty

(hyū'mŏr-ăl i-myū'ni-tē) Immunity associated with circulating antibodies, in contradistinction to cellular immunity.

HUMORAL IMMUNITY

humoral immunity

The protective activities of antibodies against infection or reinfection by common organisms, e.g., streptococci and staphylococci. B lymphocytes with receptors to a specific antigen react when they encounter that antigen by producing plasma cells (which produce antigen-specific antibodies) and memory cells (which enable the body to produce these antibodies quickly in the event that the same antigen appears later). B-cell differentiation also is stimulated by interleukin-2 (IL-2) secreted by CD4+ T cells and foreign antigens processed by macrophages.

Antibodies produced by plasma B cells, found mainly in the blood, spleen, and lymph nodes, neutralize or destroy antigens in several ways. They kill organisms by activating the complement system; neutralize viruses and toxins released by bacteria; coat the antigen (opsonization) or form an antigen-antibody complex to stimulate phagocytosis; promote antigen clumping (agglutination); and prevent the antigen from adhering to host cells.

Synonym: B-cell–mediated immunity See: illustration; cell-mediated immunity; immunoglobulinSee also: immunity

单词	humoral immunity
释义	humoral immunity humoral immunity n. Immunity involving antibodies, which circulate as dissolved proteins in blood and lymph, as contrasted with cell-mediated immunity. humoral immunity humoral immunity [¦hyüm·ə·rəl i′myü·nəd·ē] (immunology) Immunity in which immune responses are mediated by immunoglobulins. Also known as antibody-mediated immunity; immunoglobulin-mediated immunity. humoral immunity hu·mor·al im·mu·ni·ty immunity associated with circulating antibodies, in contradistinction to cellular immunity. The inherent range of activity of antibody specificities is wide but proliferation of antigen-specific B cells occurs rapidly during infections leading to rapid increases in antibody titers with enhanced affinity for the inciting agent, and a more effective and directed response. humoral immunity n. Immunity involving the transformation of B-lymphocytes into plasma cells that produce and secrete antibodies to a specific antigen. hu·mor·al im·mu·ni·ty (hyū'mŏr-ăl i-myū'ni-tē) Immunity associated with circulating antibodies, in contradistinction to cellular immunity. HUMORAL IMMUNITY humoral immunity The protective activities of antibodies against infection or reinfection by common organisms, e.g., streptococci and staphylococci. B lymphocytes with receptors to a specific antigen react when they encounter that antigen by producing plasma cells (which produce antigen-specific antibodies) and memory cells (which enable the body to produce these antibodies quickly in the event that the same antigen appears later). B-cell differentiation also is stimulated by interleukin-2 (IL-2) secreted by CD4+ T cells and foreign antigens processed by macrophages. Antibodies produced by plasma B cells, found mainly in the blood, spleen, and lymph nodes, neutralize or destroy antigens in several ways. They kill organisms by activating the complement system; neutralize viruses and toxins released by bacteria; coat the antigen (opsonization) or form an antigen-antibody complex to stimulate phagocytosis; promote antigen clumping (agglutination); and prevent the antigen from adhering to host cells. Synonym: B-cell–mediated immunity See: illustration; cell-mediated immunity; immunoglobulinSee also: immunity LegalSeeimmunity
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