Henry Pelham


Pelham, Henry

(pĕl`əm), 1696–1754, British statesman; brother of Thomas Pelham-Holles, duke of NewcastleNewcastle, Thomas Pelham-Holles, duke of,
1693–1768, English politician, brother of Henry Pelham. He inherited (1711) the estates of his uncle, John Holles, duke of Newcastle, adopted his name, and received (1715) his title.
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. He entered Parliament in 1717 and served Sir Robert Walpole as secretary for war (1724–30) and paymaster-general (1730–43). In 1743 he became head of a Whig ministry that was to last until 1754. His administration concluded the Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle (1748), ending the War of the Austrian Succession; it also reorganized and reduced the national debt and reformed (1752) the calendar.

Bibliography

See W. Coxe, Memoirs of the Administration of the Right Honourable Henry Pelham (1829, repr. 1971).

Pelham, Henry

(1749–1806) engraver; born in Boston, Mass. (son of Peter Pelham and half-brother of John Singleton Copley). A Loyalist, he studied engraving and painting, and joined John Singleton Copley in London (1776). He worked as an engineer and estate agent in Ireland, and is known for his historical line engraving, The Boston Massacre (1770).