Hoisting machines

Mechanisms for raising and lowering material with intermittent motion while holding the material freely suspended. Hoisting machines are capable of picking up loads at one location and depositing them at another anywhere within a limited area. In contrast, elevating machines move their loads only in a fixed vertical path, and monorails operate on a fixed horizontal path rather than over a limited area. See Elevating machines, Monorail

The principal components of hoisting machines are: sheaves and pulleys, for the hoisting mechanisms; winches and hoists, for the power units; and derricks and cranes, for the structural elements.

Sheaves and pulleys or blocks are a means of applying power through a rope, wire, cable, or chain. Sheaves are wheels with a grooved periphery that change the direction or the point of application of a force transmitted by means of a rope or cable. Pulleys are made up of one or more sheaves mounted in a frame, usually with an attaching swivel hook, eye, or similar device at one or both ends. Pulley systems are a combination of blocks.

Normally, winches are designed for stationary service, while hoists are mounted so that they can be moved about, for example, on wheel trolleys in connection with overhead crane operations. A winch is basically a drum or cylinder around which cordage is coiled for hoisting or hauling. The drum may be operated either manually or by power, using a worm gear and worm wheel, or a spur gear arrangement. A ratchet and pawl prevent the load from slipping; large winches are equipped with brakes, usually of the external band type.

A derrick is distinguished by a mast in the form of a slanting boom pivoted at its lower end and carrying load-supporting tackle at its outer end. In contrast, jib cranes always have horizontal booms. Derricks are standard equipment on construction jobs; they are also used on freighters for loading and unloading cargo, and on barges for dredging operations. Hoisting machines with a bridgelike structure spanning the area over which they operate are overhead-traveling or gantry cranes. See Bulk-handling machines

单词	hoisting machines
释义	Hoisting machines Hoisting machines Mechanisms for raising and lowering material with intermittent motion while holding the material freely suspended. Hoisting machines are capable of picking up loads at one location and depositing them at another anywhere within a limited area. In contrast, elevating machines move their loads only in a fixed vertical path, and monorails operate on a fixed horizontal path rather than over a limited area. See Elevating machines, Monorail The principal components of hoisting machines are: sheaves and pulleys, for the hoisting mechanisms; winches and hoists, for the power units; and derricks and cranes, for the structural elements. Sheaves and pulleys or blocks are a means of applying power through a rope, wire, cable, or chain. Sheaves are wheels with a grooved periphery that change the direction or the point of application of a force transmitted by means of a rope or cable. Pulleys are made up of one or more sheaves mounted in a frame, usually with an attaching swivel hook, eye, or similar device at one or both ends. Pulley systems are a combination of blocks. Normally, winches are designed for stationary service, while hoists are mounted so that they can be moved about, for example, on wheel trolleys in connection with overhead crane operations. A winch is basically a drum or cylinder around which cordage is coiled for hoisting or hauling. The drum may be operated either manually or by power, using a worm gear and worm wheel, or a spur gear arrangement. A ratchet and pawl prevent the load from slipping; large winches are equipped with brakes, usually of the external band type. A derrick is distinguished by a mast in the form of a slanting boom pivoted at its lower end and carrying load-supporting tackle at its outer end. In contrast, jib cranes always have horizontal booms. Derricks are standard equipment on construction jobs; they are also used on freighters for loading and unloading cargo, and on barges for dredging operations. Hoisting machines with a bridgelike structure spanning the area over which they operate are overhead-traveling or gantry cranes. See Bulk-handling machines
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