| 释义 |
DictionarySeenephritishereditary nephritis
hereditary nephritis[hə′red·ə‚ter·ē ne′frīd·əs] (medicine) A familial disease characterized by recurrent attacks of interstitial inflammation of the kidneys and discharge of blood in the urine. hereditary nephritis
he·red·i·tar·y ne·phri·tisfamilial renal disease occurring in adulthood characterized by proteinuria, hematuria, and hypertension progressing to chronic renal failure. There is no ocular defect or deafness; autosomal dominant inheritance.
See also: Alport syndrome. hereditary nephritis Alport syndrome, see there. nephritis (ne-frit'is) (ne-frit'i-dez?) plural.nephritides [ nephr- + -itis] Inflammation of the kidneys. The condition whether either acute or chronic is caused by bacteria or their toxins (e.g., pyelonephritis), autoimmune disorders (e.g., poststreptococcal glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus), or toxic chemicals (e.g., pesticides, mercury, arsenic, lead, alcohol). The glomeruli, tubules, interstitial tissues, and renal pelvis may be affected. Patient careRenal function is assessed by measuring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, and urine creatinine clearance levels. Signs of renal failure (oliguria, azotemia, acidosis) are reported. Hemoglobin, hematocrit, electrolyte levels, intake and output of fluids, and body weights are monitored. The health care provider observes, records, and reports hematuria and monitors blood pressure using the same cuff, arm, and position each time. Antihypertensive drugs are administered as prescribed. The patient is encouraged to maintain adequate hydration and follow the prescribed dietary restrictions, which may include limits on the amounts of sodium, potassium, fluid volume, and protein ingested. Intravenous fluid intake is monitored. Complications of hypertension are anticipated and prevented. acute nephritisAn inflammatory nephritis involving the glomeruli, the tubules, or the entire kidney. It may be degenerative, diffuse, suppurative, hemorrhagic, interstitial, or parenchymal, depending upon the portion of the kidney involved. analgesic nephritisAnalgesic nephropathy.chronic nephritisA progressive nephritis in which the entire structure of the kidney or only the glomerular or tubular processes may be affected.glomerular nephritisGlomerulonephritis.hereditary nephritisAlport's syndrome.interstitial nephritisNephritis associated with pathological changes in the renal interstitial tissue. The diseased tissue may be primary or due to a toxic agent such as a drug or chemical. Common findings include fever, rash, itch, and eosinophiles in the urine. The result is the destruction of the nephrons and serious impairment of renal function. scarlatinal nephritisAcute glomerulonephritis complicating scarlet fever. suppurative nephritisNephritis associated with abscesses in the kidney. transfusion nephritisRenal failure and tubular disease caused by transfusion of incompatible blood.tubal nephritisAn obsolete term for inflammation of kidney tubules. tubulointerstitial nephritisPyelonephritis. |