Hollande, François Gérard Georges

Hollande, François Gérard Georges,

1954–, French lawyer and politician, president of France (2012–17), b. Rouen. He attended the elite National School of Administration (ENA) and Paris Institute of Political Studies (Sciences Po). Joining the Socialist party in 1979, he was an economic adviser in President MitterrandMitterrand, François Maurice
, 1916–96, French political leader, president of France, 1981–95. Initially a supporter of Pétain's Vichy government during World War II, he joined the Resistance in 1943.
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's administration. Hollande was elected to the National Assembly in 1988, served there until 1993, was reelected in 1997, and from then on served in the parliament. An affable and witty centrist, he was Socialist party leader from 1997 to 2008, and also was mayor of Tulle (2001–8) and council president of Corrèze dept. (2008–12). In 2011, after Dominique Strauss-KahnStrauss-Kahn, Dominique Gaston André
, 1949–, French economist, lawyer, and politician , b. Neuilly, Ph.D. Univ. of Paris, 1975. A lecturer and economics professor at the Univ.
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 did not run, Hollande won his party's presidential nomination. In 2012, in the runoff election, he defeated the incumbent, Nicolas SarkozySarkozy, Nicolas
(Nicolas Paul Stéphane Sarkozy de Nagy-Bocsa) , 1955–, French politician, president of France (2007–12), b. Paris. The son of a minor Hungarian aristocrat who immigrated to France and married the daughter of Greek immigrants, Sarkozy became a
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, and became France's first Socialist president since Mitterrand retired (1995). In office, he suffered politically when he shifted from a leftist to probusiness economic program and secured enactment of labor reforms. A series of significant terror attacks and a lackluster economy also caused his popularity to plunge, and in 2016 he decided not to run for a second term. Ségolène RoyalRoyal, Ségolène
(Marie-Ségolène Royal) , 1953–, French politician, b. Dakar, Senegal. A graduate of the École Nationale d'Administration (1980) who worked as a special assistant (1982–88) to President François Mitterrand, she
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, a prominent Socialist politician and the party's presidential candidate in 2007, was his partner for three decades.