Hourglass Deformity

Cardiology A focal stenotic ring within large arteries, typical of supravalvular aortic stenosis accompanied by dilated sinus of Valsalva, seen by aortography
Management Dacron™ or pericardial patch
Imaging A finding by ‘barium swallow’ in patients with combined sliding and para-oesophageal hernia of the esophagogastric junction, where the ‘waist’ of the hourglass corresponds to constriction from the hiatal ring
Urology A congenital malformation of the urinary bladder in which there is incomplete transverse reduplication of the bladder; most cases occur in men and are clinically insignificant