induction and inductive logic

the process in which a general statement, suggesting a regular association between two or more variables, is derived from a series of empirical observations. In contrast with ‘deductive’ arguments, in which a conclusion follows logically from initial premises (logical inference – see LOGIC), no such strict logical necessity exists in connection with induction, even though, following MILL's formulation (see COMPARATIVE METHOD), this is some times referred to as inductive logic. The reason why no strict necessity exists in connection with inductive statements is that inductive argument depends upon generalization from a series of known cases: ‘A₁ is b, A₂ is b, A₃ , is b, etc.’ to suggest that, therefore, any A is likely to be b. The views that scientific statements are only justifiable by further procedural rules such as FALSIFICATION or by ‘realist’ criteria, (see REALISM), arise in this context. See also EMPIRICISM, POPPER.

单词	induction and inductive logic
释义	induction and inductive logic induction and inductive logic the process in which a general statement, suggesting a regular association between two or more variables, is derived from a series of empirical observations. In contrast with ‘deductive’ arguments, in which a conclusion follows logically from initial premises (logical inference – see LOGIC), no such strict logical necessity exists in connection with induction, even though, following MILL's formulation (see COMPARATIVE METHOD), this is some times referred to as inductive logic. The reason why no strict necessity exists in connection with inductive statements is that inductive argument depends upon generalization from a series of known cases: ‘A₁ is b, A₂ is b, A₃ , is b, etc.’ to suggest that, therefore, any A is likely to be b. The views that scientific statements are only justifiable by further procedural rules such as FALSIFICATION or by ‘realist’ criteria, (see REALISM), arise in this context. See also EMPIRICISM, POPPER.
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