Grigorii Pavlovich Liubimov

(pseudonym of Modest Nikolaevich Karaulov). Born Jan. 14 (26), 1881, in St. Petersburg; died July 17, 1934, in Moscow. Soviet musical figure, domra-player, conductor. Honored Artist of the Republic (1925). Propagandist of Russian folk instruments and folk songs.

Liubimov studied at the Music and Drama School of the Moscow Philharmonic Society. He took part in the Revolution of 1905-07 and was arrested several times and exiled to Siberia. In 1908, Liubimov and S. F. Burov, a skilled craftsman, constructed a domra having four strings tuned in fifths; they later constructed various kinds of domras for orchestral purposes. In 1913, Liubimov organized a domra quartet and later a folk-song ensemble (domra quartet with soloists); in 1919 he founded the first professional state orchestra of ancient folk instruments.