Apodaca, Juan Ruiz de

Apodaca, Juan Ruiz de

(hwän ro͞oēth` dā äpōthä`kä), 1754–1835, Spanish viceroy and military leader. He was sent to London by the Central Junta of Seville to gain English support against Napoleon. After service as governor of Cuba (1812–15), Apodaca, as viceroy of New Spain (1816–21), devoted himself to repressing revolutionary movements. The royalist cause was at first successful, but with the defection of the royalist commander IturbideIturbide, Agustín de
, 1783–1824, Mexican revolutionist, emperor of Mexico (1822–23). An officer in the royalist army, he was sympathetic to independence but took no part in the separatist movement led by Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, and in fact helped to
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 it failed. Feeling that Apodaca was not making sufficient effort to put down the revolution, a group in Mexico City, headed by the Masons, forced him to surrender his authority. He returned (1821) to Spain where he held various offices. He had the title visconde de Venadito.