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hammertoe
ham·mer·toe H0037800 (hăm′ər-tō′)n. A toe, usually the second, that is permanently flexed downward, resulting in a clawlike shape.hammertoe (ˈhæməˌtəʊ) n1. (Pathology) a deformity of the bones of a toe causing the toe to be bent in a clawlike arch2. (Pathology) such a toeham•mer•toe (ˈhæm ərˌtoʊ)
n. 1. a deformity of a toe, usu. the second or third, in which there is a permanent angular flexion of the joints. 2. a toe with such a deformity. [1885–90] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | hammertoe - a deformed toe which is bent in a clawlike archtoe - one of the digits of the foot |
Translationshammertoe
hammertoe1. a deformity of the bones of a toe causing the toe to be bent in a clawlike arch 2. such a toe hammertoe[′ham·ər‚tō] (medicine) A condition of the toe, usually the second, in which the proximal phalanx is extremely extended while the two distal phalanges are flexed. hammertoe
Hammertoe DefinitionHammertoe is a condition in which the toe is bent in a claw-like position. It can be present in more than one toe but is most common in the second toe.DescriptionHammertoe is described as a deformity in which the toes bend downward with the toe joint usually enlarged. Over time, the joint enlarges and stiffens as it rubs against shoes. Other foot structures involved include the overlying skin and blood vessels and nerves connected to the involved toes.Causes and symptomsThe shortening of tendons responsible for the control and movement of the affected toe or toes cause hammertoe. Top portions of the toes become callused from the friction produced against the inside of shoes. This common foot problem often results from improper fit of footwear. This is especially the case with high-heeled shoes placing pressure on the front part of the foot that compresses the smaller toes tightly together. The condition frequently stems from muscle imbalance, and usually leaves the affected individual with impaired balance.DiagnosisA thorough medical history and physical exam by a physician is always necessary for the proper diagnosis of hammertoe and other foot conditions. Because the condition involves bony deformity, x rays can help to confirm the diagnosis.TreatmentConservativeWearing proper footwear and stockings with plenty of room in the toe region can provide treatment for hammertoe. Stretching exercises may be helpful in lengthening the excessively tight tendons.SurgeryIn advanced cases, where conservative treatment is unsuccessful, surgery may be recommended. The tendons that attach to the involved toes are located and an incision is made to free the connective tissue to the foot bones. Additional incisions are made so the toes no longer bend in a downward fashion. The middle joints of the affected toes are connected together permanently with surgical hardware such as pins and wire sutures. The incision is then closed with fine sutures. These sutures are removed approximately seven to ten days after surgery.Alternative treatmentVarious soft tissue and joint treatments offered by chiropractic and massage therapy may be useful to decrease the tightness of the affected structures.PrognosisIf detected early, hammertoe can be treated non-surgically. If surgery becomes necessary, surgical risks are minimal with the overall outcome providing good results.PreventionWearing comfortable shoes that fit well can prevent many foot ailments. Foot width may increase with age. Feet should always be measured before buying shoes. The upper part of the shoes should be made of a soft, flexible material to match the shape of the foot. Shoes made of leather can reduce the possibility of skin irritations. Soles should provide solid footing and not be slippery. Thick soles lessen pressure when walking on hard surfaces. Low-heeled shoes are more comfortable, safer, and less damaging than high-heeled shoes.ResourcesOrganizationsAmerican Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society. 222 South Prospect, Park Ridge, IL 60068.American Podiatry Medical Association. 9312 Old Georgetown Road, Bethesda, MD 20814.hammertoe (hăm′ər-tō′)n. A toe, usually the second, that is permanently flexed downward, resulting in a clawlike shape.hammertoe, hammer toe (ham'er-to?) A toe posture characterized by hyperextension of the metatarsophalangeal and distal interphalangeal joints and flexion of the proximal interphalangeal joint. Synonym: hallux malleushammertoe
Words related to hammertoenoun a deformed toe which is bent in a clawlike archRelated Words |