2,3-diphosphoglycerate
2,3-DPG
An inorganic phosphate produced in red cells by the Rapoport-Luebering shunt; 2,3-DPG binds to the beta chain of reduced haemoglobin (Hb), lowering Hb's affinity for O2 and by extension, facilitating O2 release to tissues, causing a "right shift" of the O2 dissociation curve. 2,3-DPG further shifts the curve to the right by lowering the red cells' pH, When transfused, red cells regain 50% of the 2,3-DPG within 3–8 hours and 100% within 24 hours.Increased DPG High altitude, anaemia, chronic hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, chronic alkalosis
Decreased DPG Storage of blood, hypothyroidism, hypophosphatemia, acidosis