| 释义 |
intelligence quotient
intelligence quotientn. Abbr. IQ1. A number seen as a measure of a person's intelligence, usually representing the person's score on an intelligence test as expressed in relation to the scores of others who have taken the same test, with the average score set at 100.2. The ratio of tested mental age to chronological age, usually expressed as a quotient multiplied by 100. No longer in scientific use.intelligence quotient n (Psychology) a measure of the intelligence of an individual derived from results obtained from specially designed tests. The quotient is traditionally derived by dividing an individual's mental age by his chronological age and multiplying the result by 100. Abbreviation: IQ intel′ligence quo`tient
n. an intelligence test score that is obtained by dividing mental age, which reflects the age-graded level of performance as derived from population norms, by chronological age and multiplying by 100: a score of 100 thus indicates a performance at exactly the normal level for that age group. Abbr.: IQ [1920–25] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. | intelligence quotient - a measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence test; the ratio of a person's mental age to their chronological age (multiplied by 100)I.Q., IQratio - the relative magnitudes of two quantities (usually expressed as a quotient)adult intelligence - the average IQ of the adults in a given populationborderline intelligence - the minimal IQ required for someone to function normally and independently in the world (without some form of institutional assistance) |
TranslationsSee intelligence quotient
intelligence quotient
intelligence quotient a measure of the intelligence of an individual derived from results obtained from specially designed tests. The quotient is traditionally derived by dividing an individual's mental age by his chronological age and multiplying the result by 100 intelligence quotient (IQ) a unit used in the field of INTELLIGENCE measurement and testing as an index of an individual's intelligence relative to a comparable population with respect to age. A ratio IQ is the IQ expressed as a ratio of mental age (as measured by a test) to chronological age, and multiplied by 100 to avoid decimals:  The average child at any one chronological age will therefore score 100 on the appropriate set of IQ test items. This was the original IQ measure first used in 1916 in the Stanford-Binet Test. Modern tests make use of standard scores, which express the individual's distance from the mean in terms of the standard deviation, and assume a normal distribution. In a variant of this, the deviation IQ, the mean is 100 and a standard deviation of 15 or 16 is usual. It is important to note the difference between these measures, since the deviation IQ is not a ratio of mental age to chronological age, and the measured IQs derived from it will depend on the standard deviation used in the test. see also INTELLIGENCE TEST. intelligence quotient[in′tel·ə·jəns ‚kwōsh·ənt] (psychology) The numerical designation for intelligence expressed as a ratio of an individual's performance on a standardized test to the average performance according to age. Abbreviated IQ. intelligence quotient
intelligence [in-tel´ĭ-jens] the ability to comprehend or understand. It is basically a combination of reasoning, memory, imagination, and judgment; each of these faculties relies upon the others. Intelligence is not an entity within a person but a combination of cognitive skills and knowledge made evident by behaviors that are adaptive.
In speaking of general intelligence, authorities often distinguish between a number of different kinds of basic mental ability. One of these is verbal aptitude, the ability to understand the meaning of words and to use them effectively in writing or speaking. Another is skill with numbers, the ability to add, subtract, multiply, and divide and to use these skills in problems. The capacity to work with spatial relationships, that is, with visualizing how objects take up space, is still another (for example, how two triangles can fit together to make a square). Perception, memory, and reasoning may also be considered different basic abilities.
These abilities are the ones that are usually examined by intelligence tests. There are others, however, that may be as important or more important. Determination and perseverance make intelligence effective and useful. Artistic talent, such as proficiency in art or music, and creativity, the ability to use thought and imagination to produce original ideas, are difficult to measure but are certainly part of intelligence.intelligence quotient (I.Q.) a numerical expression of intellectual capacity obtained by multiplying the mental age of the subject, ascertained by testing, by 100 and dividing by his or her chronologic age.intelligence test a set of problems or tasks posed to assess an individual's innate ability to judge, comprehend, and reason.
quotient [kwo´shent] a number obtained by division.achievement quotient the achievement age divided by the mental age, indicating progress in learning.caloric quotient the heat evolved (in calories) divided by the oxygen consumed (in milligrams) in a metabolic process.intelligence quotient IQ; a numerical expression of intellectual capacity obtained by multiplying the mental age of the subject, ascertained by testing, by 100 and dividing by the chronological age.respiratory quotient RQ; the ratio of the volume of carbon dioxide given off by the body tissues to the volume of oxygen absorbed by them; usually equal to the corresponding volumes given off and taken up by the lungs. It varies with the fuel source used: for carbohydrates it is 1.0; for lipids 0.7; for proteins 0.8; and with overfeeding (lipogenesis) 1.0–1.3.in·tel·li·gence quo·tient (IQ), the psychologist's index of measured intelligence as one part of a two-part determination of intelligence, the other part being an index of adaptive behavior that includes such criteria as school grades or work performance. IQ is a score, or similar quantitative index, used to denote a person's standing relative to age peers on a test of general ability, ordinarily expressed as a ratio between the person's score on a given test and the score that an average person of comparable age attained on the same test, the ratio being computed by the psychologist or determined from a table of age norms, such as the various Wechsler intelligence scales.intelligence quotientn. Abbr. IQ1. A number seen as a measure of a person's intelligence, usually representing the person's score on an intelligence test as expressed in relation to the scores of others who have taken the same test, with the average score set at 100.2. The ratio of tested mental age to chronological age, usually expressed as a quotient multiplied by 100. No longer in scientific use.intelligence quotient A ratio that compares a person's cognitive skills with that of the general population, usually calculated as the mental age divided by the chronologic age, multipled by 100 Intelligence Quotient Tests Preschool Bayley Scale of Infant development, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, McCarthy Scales of Children's Abilities, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children School age Wechsler scales, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale, Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children Adult Wechsler scales, Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale Adult 20-35 Severe mental retardation 36-51 Moderate mental retardation 52-67 Mild mental retardation 68-83 Borderline mental retardation 90-110 Average >140 Gifted–'genius'
in·tel·li·gence quo·tient (IQ) (in-tel'i-jĕns kwō'shĕnt) The psychologist's index of intelligence as one part of a two-part determination, the other part being an index of adaptive behavior. IQ is ordinarily expressed as a ratio between the person's score on a given test and the score that the average individual of comparable age attained on the same test. intelligence quotient (IQ) A figure obtained by dividing the mental age, as assessed by various tests such as the Stanford-Binet test, by the chronological age, and multiplying the result by 100. Versions of the Stanford-Binet test include sections for every age level, from 2 to 20. These tests involve such activities as making copies of simple pictures, putting shapes in appropriate holes, stringing beads, answering questions, identifying absurdities in pictures, selecting words that have something in common, pairing off abstract shapes, predicting future terms in an arithmetical or graphical series, and so on. The IQ increases with age up to about 18 and then remains fairly static during most of adult life. People of IQ over 130 are exceptionally intelligent, and people below 70 are retarded in their ability to learn.in·tel·li·gence quo·tient(IQ) (in-tel'i-jĕns kwō'shĕnt) Psychologist's index of measured intelligence as one part of a two-part determination of intelligence, the other part being an index of adaptive behavior that includes such criteria as school grades or work performance.LegalSeeadultFinancialSeeIQAcronymsSeeinformation qualityintelligence quotient
Synonyms for intelligence quotientnoun a measure of a person's intelligence as indicated by an intelligence testSynonymsRelated Words- ratio
- adult intelligence
- borderline intelligence
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