(endophasia). (1) Speech that is directed by a person to himself (most often for the purpose of planning his own actions) and which is realized in an internal code—that is, not in audible speech.

(2) The internal program of an utterance that precedes its production in speech (“internal programming”).

(3) Articulatory movements that are not accompanied by sound (“internal utterances”).

The study and experimental recording of inner speech contribute to research on the relationships between language and thought and language and speech and on forms of thought and problems of speech perception. Inner speech is studied by linguists, psychologists, and physiologists.