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inert gas
inert gasn. A gas that is not chemically reactive, especially a noble gas.inert gas n 1. (Elements & Compounds) Also called: noble gas, rare gas or argonon any of the unreactive gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon 2. (Chemistry) Also called: noble gas, rare gas or argonon any of the unreactive gaseous elements helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon 3. (Chemistry) (loosely) any gas, such as carbon dioxide, that is nonoxidizing no′ble gas′
n. any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of group 8A or 0 of the periodic table: helium, neon, argon, krypton, xenon, and radon. Also called inert gas. [1900–05] Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  inert gas - any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic tableargonon, noble gaschemical element, element - any of the more than 100 known substances (of which 92 occur naturally) that cannot be separated into simpler substances and that singly or in combination constitute all matterAr, argon, atomic number 18 - a colorless and odorless inert gas; one of the six inert gases; comprises approximately 1% of the earth's atmosphereatomic number 2, He, helium - a very light colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; the most difficult gas to liquefy; occurs in economically extractable amounts in certain natural gases (as those found in Texas and Kansas)atomic number 36, Kr, krypton - a colorless element that is one of the six inert gasses; occurs in trace amounts in airatomic number 10, Ne, neon - a colorless odorless gaseous element that give a red glow in a vacuum tube; one of the six inert gasses; occurs in the air in small amountsatomic number 86, radon, Rn - a radioactive gaseous element formed by the disintegration of radium; the heaviest of the inert gasses; occurs naturally (especially in areas over granite) and is considered a hazard to healthatomic number 54, Xe, xenon - a colorless odorless inert gaseous element occurring in the earth's atmosphere in trace amountsgas - a fluid in the gaseous state having neither independent shape nor volume and being able to expand indefinitely |
Translationsinert gas
inert gas or noble gas, any of the elements in Group 18 of the periodic tableperiodic table,
chart of the elements arranged according to the periodic law discovered by Dmitri I. Mendeleev and revised by Henry G. J. Moseley. In the periodic table the elements are arranged in columns and rows according to increasing atomic number (see the table entitled
..... Click the link for more information. . In order of increasing atomic number they are: heliumhelium
, gaseous chemical element; symbol He; at. no. 2; at. wt. 4.0026; m.p. below −272°C; at 26 atmospheres pressure; b.p. −268.934°C; at 1 atmosphere pressure; density 0.1785 grams per liter at STP; valence usually 0.
..... Click the link for more information. , neonneon
[Gr.,=new], gaseous chemical element; symbol Ne; at. no. 10; at. wt. 20.1797; m.p. −248.67°C;; b.p. −246.048°C;; density 0.8999 grams per liter at STP; valence 0. Neon is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas.
..... Click the link for more information. , argonargon
[Gr.,=inert], gaseous chemical element; symbol Ar; at. no. 18; at. wt. 39.948; m.p. −189.2°C;; b.p. −185.7°C;; density 1.784 grams per liter at STP; valence 0. Argon is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas occurring in air (of which it constitutes 0.
..... Click the link for more information. , kryptonkrypton
[Gr.,=hidden], gaseous chemical element; symbol Kr; at. no. 36; at. wt. 83.798; m.p. −156.6°C;; b.p. −152.3°C;; density 3.73 grams per liter at STP; valence usually 0. Krypton is a colorless, odorless, tasteless gas.
..... Click the link for more information. , xenonxenon
[Gr.,=strange], gaseous chemical element; symbol Xe; at. no. 54; at. wt. 131.293; m.p. −111.9°C;; b.p. −107.1°C;; density 5.86 grams per liter at STP; valence usually 0. Xenon is a rare, colorless, odorless, tasteless, chemically unreactive gas.
..... Click the link for more information. , and radonradon
, gaseous radioactive chemical element; symbol Rn; at. no. 86; mass no. of most stable isotope 222; m.p. about −71°C;; b.p. −61.8°C;; density 9.73 grams per liter at STP; valence usually 0. Radon is colorless and the most dense gas known.
..... Click the link for more information. . They are colorless, odorless, tasteless gases and were once believed to be entirely inert, i.e., forming no chemical compounds; however, some compounds of these elements have been produced, i.e., fluorides of krypton, xenon, and radon. The low chemical activity of the inert gases is due to the fact that their outermost, or valence, electron shell is complete, containing two electrons in the case of helium and eight in the remaining cases. The inert gases are sometimes called the rare gases, although argon is not rare (it makes up about 1% of the atmosphere) and helium is commercially extracted from natural gas and the atmosphere. Bibliography See G. A. Cook, Argon, Helium and the Rare Gases (2 vol., 1961); I. Asimov, The Noble Gases (1966). inert gas[i′nərt ′gas] (chemistry) noble gas inert gas
gas (gas) 1. One of the basic forms or states of matter. Gas molecules are free and move swiftly in all directions. Their motion and energy are directly proportional to the temperature. A gas not only takes the shape of the containing vessel but expands and fills the vessel no matter what its volume. Among the common important gases are oxygen; nitrogen; hydrogen; helium; sewer gas, which contains carbon monoxide; carbon dioxide; the anesthetic gases; ammonia; and the poisonous war gases. Liquids and solids may release toxic fumes or gases when heated. See: war gas; anesthesia2. A colloquial term for an anesthetic.arterial blood gas Abbreviation: ABG
Any of the gases present in blood. Operationally and clinically, ABGs include the determination of levels of pH, oxygen (O2), and carbon dioxide (CO2) in the blood. ABGs are important in the diagnosis and treatment of disturbances of acid-base balance, pulmonary disease, electrolyte balance, and oxygen delivery. Values of the gases themselves are usually expressed as the partial pressure of carbon dioxide or oxygen although derived values are reported in other units. Several other blood chemistry values are important in managing acid-base disturbances, including the levels of the bicarbonate ion (HCO3), blood pH, sodium, potassium, and chloride. binary gasAny gas made of two gaseous components mixed with each other. Some chemical warfare agents are chemically benign when separate but are damaging to living organisms when combined. See: war gasblood gasesThe content of dissolved carbon dioxide and oxygen in plasma. Levels of these gases vary in response to many diseases that affect respiration, e.g., asthma, chronic obstructive lung disease, congestive heart failure, and ketoacidosis. See: acidosis; alkalosis; arterial blood gas; blood gas analysisClayton gas See: Clayton gascoal gasA flammable, explosive, toxic gas produced from the distillation of coal. It is used for heating and lighting. Its principal constituents are methane, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen. digestive tract gasIntestinal gas.illuminating gasA mixture of various combustible gases including hydrogen and carbon monoxide. Its poisonous effects are largely due to carbon monoxide. inert gasNoble gas.intestinal gasAny of several gaseous compounds (including carbon dioxide, oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen, methane, methylmercaptan, and hydrogen sulfide) present in the intestinal tract. They are produced by digestive processes and intestinal bacteria. Synonym: digestive tract See: digestion; flatuslaughing gasAn informal term for nitrous oxide. See: nitrous oxidelewisite gas See: lewisitelung irritant gasAny toxic or noxious gas that causes irritation or inflammation of the airways or alveoli. ; war gasSymptomsSymptoms of exposure include a burning sensation of the eyes, nose, and throat; bronchitis; and pneumonitis. Pulmonary edema sometimes occurs and may cause severe respiratory failure and death. TreatmentSupplemental oxygen and/or mechanical ventilation may be required for hours or days, depending on the extent of lung injury. Aerosolized bronchodilators may also be useful in reducing the work of breathing, and corticosteroids may reduce airway inflammation. marsh gasMethane.mustard gasDichlorethyl sulfide, a poisonous gas used in warfare. See: vesicant gas; war gasesnerve gasAny of several gaseous materials used in chemical warfare. The agents may be stored in liquid form but are aerosolized at the time of use. These chemicals are readily absorbed through the skin. Some forms (organophosphates that inhibit acetylcholinesterase) cause copious secretions from the nose, eyes, mouth, lungs, and intestines. Muscle fasiculations, twitching, and miosis will result from exposure. A large dose may cause sudden unconsciousness, convulsions, flaccid paralysis, apnea, and death. With some agents, only a few breaths of the vapor may cause death. ProtectionCharcoal-lined suits offer barrier protection. The agents will penetrate ordinary clothing worn with a gas mask. TreatmentPretreatment with pyridostigmine and concurrent treatment at the time of exposure with atropine, pralidoxime, and diazepam may be life-saving. Artificial respiration is mandatory. The skin should be decontaminated with household bleach diluted with water at a ratio of 1:10, or with soap and water, and the eyes should be irrigated with plain water. Military personnel carry small towels impregnated with chloramine, hydroxide, and phenol. CAUTION!Gas masks should cover face and eyes and be proven to be adequately effective. People treating patients must protect themselves from contact with toxic chemicals on clothing, hair, and skin. See: war gasnitric oxide gasA toxic gas administered in very small concentrations during mechanical ventilation to treat persistent pulmonary hypertension. See: nitric oxidenoble gasAny of the six colorless, odorless, minimally chemically reactive gaseous elements found in group 18 of the periodic table. The gases are argon, helium, krypton, neon, radon, and xenon. Synonym: inert gasnose irritant gasC12H10AsCl (diphenylchloroarsine), an odorless, toxic smoke. It causes intense pain in the nose, throat, and air passages, sneezing followed by headache and aching in the teeth and jaws, acute mental depression, and sometimes vomiting. Nasal douching with warm sodium bicarbonate solution is helpful. CAS # 712-48-1 See: war gasrefrigerant gasAny of several gases, e.g., Freon, used in ordinary household refrigerators. Poisoning may be caused by leaks, faulty connections or breakage, or gas dissipated into the atmosphere. sewer gasA gas that is produced by decaying matter in sewage and contains methane and hydrogen sulfide. It is toxic, usually flammable, explosive, and may be used for fuel. suffocating gas Any of several war gases, such as phosgene or diphosgene, made from chlorine compounds that irritate or injure the airways. See: lung irritant gas; war gastear gas See: riot control agentvesicant gasA type of gas that blisters the skin. Clothing and boots become contaminated and a source of danger. Mustard and lewisite gases are examples. SymptomsSymptoms do not appear immediately but may be delayed 6 hr or longer. Eye pain, lacrimation, and discharge may be the first evidence. The eyelids swell, and the patient becomes unable to see. A diffuse redness of the skin is followed by blistering and ulceration. TreatmentDecontamination is essential and must be thorough. The eyes should be bathed freely with normal saline or plain water. No bandage should be worn. The patient should be scrubbed, if possible, under a hot or warm shower for 10 min. If blisters arise despite these precautionary measures, they should be treated with a mild antiseptic and a protective dressing. vomiting gasA gas, particularly chloropicrin, that induces vomiting.war gasAny chemical substance, whether solid, liquid, or vapor, used to produce poisonous gas with irritant effects. The agents can be classified as lacrimators, sternutators (sneeze-causing), lung irritants, vesicants, and systemic poisons, such as nerve gas. Some gases have multiple effects. War gases are known as nonpersistent (diffusing and dispersing fairly rapidly) or persistent (lingering and evaporating slowly). First AidWhen giving first aid, the rescuer avoids becoming a casualty by taking appropriate precautions. All gas masks are checked to ensure that they are in working order. The rescuer first puts on his or her own mask, then fits masks to patients. The rescuer's skin is covered, and exposed skin of persons at risk is flooded with water to flush off suspected chemical contaminants. Patient careDecontamination centers are essential to the rescue effort. Thorough decontamination of patients, clothing, foot coverings, equipment, and even ambulances precedes admitting patients to emergency care areas to prevent unaffected people in the area from becoming casualties. Pulmonary and neurological functions are closely monitored, and specific or supportive therapies instituted as necessary. LegalSeeGasAcronymsSeeI Ginert gas
Synonyms for inert gasnoun any of the chemically inert gaseous elements of the helium group in the periodic tableSynonymsRelated Words- chemical element
- element
- Ar
- argon
- atomic number 18
- atomic number 2
- He
- helium
- atomic number 36
- Kr
- krypton
- atomic number 10
- Ne
- neon
- atomic number 86
- radon
- Rn
- atomic number 54
- Xe
- xenon
- gas
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