| 释义 |
infer
inferdeduce, reason, guess; draw a conclusion: They inferred her dislike from her cold reply.
Not to be confused with:imply – signify or mean; to suggest: Her words imply a lack of caring.in·fer I0127600 (ĭn-fûr′)v. in·ferred, in·fer·ring, in·fers v.tr.1. To conclude from evidence or by reasoning: "For many years the cerebral localization of all higher cognitive processes could be inferred only from the effects of brain injuries on the people who survived them" (Sally E. Shaywitz).2. To involve by logical necessity; entail: "Socrates argued that a statue inferred the existence of a sculptor" (Academy).3. (Usage Problem) To indicate indirectly; imply.v.intr. To draw inferences.
[Latin īnferre, to bring in, adduce : in-, in; see in-2 + ferre, to bear; see bher- in Indo-European roots.]
in·fer′a·ble adj.in·fer′a·bly adv.in·fer′rer n.Usage Note: Infer is sometimes confused with imply, but the distinction careful writers make between these words is a useful one. When we say that a speaker or sentence implies something, we mean that it is conveyed or suggested without being stated outright: When the mayor said that she would not rule out a business tax increase, she implied (not inferred) that some taxes might be raised. Inference, on the other hand, is the activity performed by a reader or interpreter in drawing conclusions that are not explicit in what is said: When the mayor said that she would not rule out a tax increase, we inferred that she had consulted with new financial advisers, since her old advisers favored tax reductions.infer (ɪnˈfɜː) vb (when tr, may take a clause as object) , -fers, -ferring or -ferred1. to conclude (a state of affairs, supposition, etc) by reasoning from evidence; deduce2. (tr) to have or lead to as a necessary or logical consequence; indicate3. (tr) to hint or imply[C16: from Latin inferre to bring into, from ferre to bear, carry] inˈferable, inˈferible, inˈferrable, inˈferrible adj inˈferably adv inˈferrer nUsage: The use of infer to mean imply is becoming more and more common in both speech and writing. There is nevertheless a useful distinction between the two which many people would be in favour of maintaining. To infer means 'to deduce', and is used in the construction to infer something from something: I inferred from what she said that she had not been well. To imply (sense 1) means 'to suggest, to insinuate' and is normally followed by a clause: are you implying that I was responsible for the mistake?in•fer (ɪnˈfɜr)
v. -ferred, -fer•ring. v.t. 1. to derive by reasoning; conclude or judge from premises or evidence. 2. to guess; speculate; surmise. 3. (of facts, circumstances, statements, etc.) to indicate or involve as a conclusion; lead to. 4. to hint; imply; suggest. v.i. 5. to draw a conclusion, as by reasoning. [1520–30; < Medieval Latin inferre to imply, Latin: to bring in, advance =in- in-2 + ferre to bring, carry, bear1] in•fer′a•ble, in•fer′ri•ble, adj. in•fer′a•bly, adv. in•fer′rer, n. usage: Many usage guides condemn infer when used to mean “to hint or suggest,” as in The next speaker rejected the proposal, inferring that it was made solely to embarrass the government, holding the position that the proper word for this meaning is imply, and that to use infer for it is to lose a valuable distinction. Many speakers and writers observe this claimed distinction scrupulously. Nevertheless, from its earliest appearance in English infer has had the sense given in definition 3 above, a meaning that overlaps with the second definition of imply when the subject is a condition, circumstance, or the like that leads inevitably to a certain conclusion or point. infer, imply - Infer means "to deduce, reason," and imply means "to hint at, suggest."See also related terms for hint.
imply, infer - A speaker or writer implies, a hearer or reader infers; implications are incorporated in statements, while inferences are deduced from statements. Imply means "suggest indirectly that something is true," while infer means "conclude or deduce something is true"; furthermore, to imply is to suggest or throw out a suggestion, while to infer is to include or take in a suggestion.See also related terms for imply.imply infer1. 'imply'If you imply that something is the case, you suggest that it is the case without actually saying so. Somehow he implied that he was the one who had done all the work.Her tone implied that her time and her patience were limited.2. 'infer'If you infer that something is the case, you decide that it is the case on the basis of the information that you have. I inferred from what she said that you have not been well.It is only from doing experiments that cause-and-effect relationships can be inferred.infer
Past participle: inferred
Gerund: inferring
| Present |
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| I infer | | you infer | | he/she/it infers | | we infer | | you infer | | they infer |
| Preterite |
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| I inferred | | you inferred | | he/she/it inferred | | we inferred | | you inferred | | they inferred |
| Present Continuous |
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| I am inferring | | you are inferring | | he/she/it is inferring | | we are inferring | | you are inferring | | they are inferring |
| Present Perfect |
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| I have inferred | | you have inferred | | he/she/it has inferred | | we have inferred | | you have inferred | | they have inferred |
| Past Continuous |
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| I was inferring | | you were inferring | | he/she/it was inferring | | we were inferring | | you were inferring | | they were inferring |
| Past Perfect |
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| I had inferred | | you had inferred | | he/she/it had inferred | | we had inferred | | you had inferred | | they had inferred |
| Future |
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| I will infer | | you will infer | | he/she/it will infer | | we will infer | | you will infer | | they will infer |
| Future Perfect |
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| I will have inferred | | you will have inferred | | he/she/it will have inferred | | we will have inferred | | you will have inferred | | they will have inferred |
| Future Continuous |
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| I will be inferring | | you will be inferring | | he/she/it will be inferring | | we will be inferring | | you will be inferring | | they will be inferring |
| Present Perfect Continuous |
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| I have been inferring | | you have been inferring | | he/she/it has been inferring | | we have been inferring | | you have been inferring | | they have been inferring |
| Future Perfect Continuous |
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| I will have been inferring | | you will have been inferring | | he/she/it will have been inferring | | we will have been inferring | | you will have been inferring | | they will have been inferring |
| Past Perfect Continuous |
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| I had been inferring | | you had been inferring | | he/she/it had been inferring | | we had been inferring | | you had been inferring | | they had been inferring |
| Conditional |
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| I would infer | | you would infer | | he/she/it would infer | | we would infer | | you would infer | | they would infer |
| Past Conditional |
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| I would have inferred | | you would have inferred | | he/she/it would have inferred | | we would have inferred | | you would have inferred | | they would have inferred |
Thesaurus| Verb | 1. | infer - reason by deduction; establish by deductiondeduce, derive, deductlogical system, system of logic, logic - a system of reasoningextrapolate - gain knowledge of (an area not known or experienced) by extrapolatingconclude, reason, reason out - decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; "We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house"surmise - infer from incomplete evidenceelicit - derive by reason; "elicit a solution" | | 2. | infer - draw from specific cases for more general casesextrapolate, generalize, generaliseconclude, reason, reason out - decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; "We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house"overgeneralise, overgeneralize - draw too general a conclusion; "It is dangerous to overgeneralize"universalise, universalize - make universal; "This author's stories universalize old themes" | | 3. | infer - conclude by reasoning; in logicdeduceconclude, reason, reason out - decide by reasoning; draw or come to a conclusion; "We reasoned that it was cheaper to rent than to buy a house" | | 4. | infer - guess correctly; solve by guessing; "He guessed the right number of beans in the jar and won the prize"guessfigure out, puzzle out, solve, lick, work out, work - find the solution to (a problem or question) or understand the meaning of; "did you solve the problem?"; "Work out your problems with the boss"; "this unpleasant situation isn't going to work itself out"; "did you get it?"; "Did you get my meaning?"; "He could not work the math problem"tell - discern or comprehend; "He could tell that she was unhappy" | | 5. |  infer - believe to be the case; "I understand you have no previous experience?"understandbelieve - accept as true; take to be true; "I believed his report"; "We didn't believe his stories from the War"; "She believes in spirits" |
inferverb deduce, understand, gather, conclude, derive, presume, conjecture, surmise, read between the lines, put two and two together I inferred from what she said that you have not been well.Usage: The use of infer to mean imply is becoming more and more common in both speech and writing. There is nevertheless a useful distinction between the two which many people would be in favour of maintaining. To infer means 'to deduce', and is used in the construction 'to infer something from something': I inferred from what she said that she had not been well. To imply means `to suggest, to insinuate' and is normally followed by a clause: are you implying that I was responsible for the mistake?inferverb1. To arrive at (a conclusion) from evidence or reasoning:conclude, deduce, deduct, draw, gather, judge, understand.2. To draw an inference on the basis of inconclusive evidence or insufficient information:conjecture, guess, speculate, suppose, surmise.Translationsinfer (inˈfəː) – past tense, past participle inˈferred – verb to judge (from facts or evidence). I inferred from your silence that you were angry. 推斷 推断ˈinference noun 推斷 推论infer
infer from (something)To come to or reach a conclusion from or regarding the information with which one is presented. A noun or pronoun can be used between "infer" and "from." We can infer the effect this policy has had from the data across all demographics in the country. I invite the public to infer from the televised debates as to who is truly better able to lead the country.See also: inferinfer something from somethingto reach a conclusion from something; to deduce facts from something, such as someone's words, a situation, etc. What can we infer from the experience we have just had? You should not infer anything from Sue's remarks.See also: inferEncyclopediaSeeinferenceLegalSeeInferenceINFER
| Acronym | Definition |
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| INFER➣International Network for Economic Research | | INFER➣Italian National Forum on Electronic Resources |
infer
Synonyms for inferverb deduceSynonyms- deduce
- understand
- gather
- conclude
- derive
- presume
- conjecture
- surmise
- read between the lines
- put two and two together
Synonyms for inferverb to arrive at (a conclusion) from evidence or reasoningSynonyms- conclude
- deduce
- deduct
- draw
- gather
- judge
- understand
verb to draw an inference on the basis of inconclusive evidence or insufficient informationSynonyms- conjecture
- guess
- speculate
- suppose
- surmise
Synonyms for inferverb reason by deductionSynonymsRelated Words- logical system
- system of logic
- logic
- extrapolate
- conclude
- reason
- reason out
- surmise
- elicit
verb draw from specific cases for more general casesSynonyms- extrapolate
- generalize
- generalise
Related Words- conclude
- reason
- reason out
- overgeneralise
- overgeneralize
- universalise
- universalize
verb conclude by reasoningSynonymsRelated Wordsverb guess correctlySynonymsRelated Words- figure out
- puzzle out
- solve
- lick
- work out
- work
- tell
verb believe to be the caseSynonymsRelated Words |