APOE

A gene on chromosome 19q13.2 that encodes apolipoprotein E, the main apoprotein of chylomicrons, which binds to a specific receptor on liver cells and peripheral cells. ApoE mediates binding, internalisation and catabolism of lipoprotein particles and serves as a ligand for the LDL (apo B/E) receptor.
Molecular pathology
APOE mutations cause hyperlipoproteinaemia type III (familial dysbetalipoproteinaemia), which is characterised by increased plasma cholesterol and triglycerides due to impaired chylomicron and VLDL remnant clearance.

APOE

ε4 Molecular neurology The type 4 allele of the apolipoprotein E gene locus located on chromosome 19, which may↑ the risk of late-onset Alzheimer's disease, and has been associated with ↓ cerebral parietal metabolism; possession of an APOE ε4 allele is a strong predictor for cognitive decline. See Alzheimer's disease.

apolipoprotein

(ap?o-li?po-pro'te(-i)n) [ apo- + lipoprotein],

Apo

Any of the proteins imbedded in the outer shell of lipoproteins. The apolipoproteins are designated ApoAI, ApoAII, ApoAIV; ApoB48 and B100; ApoCI, ApoCII, ApoCIII; and ApoE. Except for ApoAII and ApoAIV, they metabolize and transport lipoproteins. The functions of ApoAII and ApoAIV are not fully understood. All are synthesized in the liver.

apolipoprotein E

Abbreviation: ApoE
A protein that regulates lipid concentrations in plasma and may repair neuronal damage in the central nervous system. ApoE4 allele is associated with familial late-onset Alzheimer disease, possibly because it protects neurons less effectively than other ApoE alleles.

apolipoprotein J

Clusterin. See: lipoprotein