释义 |
interest
in·ter·est I0185400 (ĭn′trĭst, -tər-ĭst, -trĕst′)n.1. a. A state of curiosity or concern about or attention to something: an interest in sports.b. Something, such as a quality, subject, or activity, that evokes this mental state: counts the theater among his interests.2. often interests Regard for one's own benefit or advantage; self-interest: It is in your best interest to cooperate. She kept her own interests in mind.3. a. A right, claim, or legal share: an interest in the new company.b. Something in which such a right, claim, or share is held: has interests overseas.c. A person or group of persons holding such a right, claim, or share: a petroleum interest.4. Involvement with or participation in something: She has an interest in the quality of her education.5. a. A charge for a loan, usually a percentage of the amount loaned.b. An excess or bonus beyond what is expected or due.6. a. An interest group.b. The particular cause supported by an interest group.tr.v. in·ter·est·ed, in·ter·est·ing, in·ter·ests 1. To arouse the curiosity or hold the attention of: Your opinions interest me.2. To cause to become involved or concerned with: tried to interest her in taking a walk.3. Archaic To concern or affect.Idiom: in the interest/interests of To the advantage of; for the sake of: thinking in the interest of the whole family; ate breakfast on the train in the interest of time. [Middle English, from Old French, from Latin, it is of importance, third person sing. present tense of interesse, to be between, take part in : inter-, inter- + esse, to be; see es- in Indo-European roots.]interest (ˈɪntrɪst; -tərɪst) n1. the sense of curiosity about or concern with something or someone: an interest in butterflies. 2. the power of stimulating such a sense: to have great interest. 3. the quality of such stimulation4. something in which one is interested; a hobby or pursuit5. (often plural) benefit; advantage: in one's own interest. 6. (often plural) a. a right, share, or claim, esp in a business or propertyb. the business, property, etc, in which a person has such concern7. (Banking & Finance) a. a charge for the use of credit or borrowed moneyb. such a charge expressed as a percentage per time unit of the sum borrowed or used8. (often plural) a section of a community, etc, whose members have common aims: we must not offend the landed interest. 9. declare an interest to make known one's connection, esp a prejudicial connection, with an affairvb (tr) 10. to arouse or excite the curiosity or concern of11. to cause to become involved in something; concern[C15: from Latin: it concerns, from interesse; from inter- + esse to be]in•ter•est (ˈɪn tər ɪst, -trɪst) n. 1. a feeling of having one's attention, concern, or curiosity particularly engaged by something: She has an interest in architecture. 2. something that arouses such feelings; something in which one is interested: Chess is his only interest. 3. the power to excite such feelings; quality of being interesting: a subject that holds little interest for me. 4. concern or importance: a matter of primary interest. 5. a business, cause, etc., in which a person has a share, concern, or responsibility. 6. a legal share, right, or title, as in the ownership of property or in a business undertaking. 7. participation in a cause or in advantage or responsibility. 8. Often, interests. a group exerting influence on and often financially involved in an enterprise, industry, or sphere of activity. 9. the state of being affected by something in respect to advantage or detriment. 10. Often, interests. benefit; advantage: We have your best interests in mind. 11. regard for one's own advantage or profit; self-interest. 12. influence due to personal importance or capability. 13. a. a sum paid or charged for the use of money or for borrowing money. b. such a sum expressed as a percentage of the amount borrowed to be paid over a given period, usu. one year. 14. something added or thrown in above an exact equivalent: He returned the insult with interest. v.t. 15. to engage or excite the attention or curiosity of. 16. to concern (a person, nation, etc.) in something; involve. 17. to cause to take a personal concern or share; induce to participate. Idioms: in the interest(s) of, for the sake of; on behalf of. [1225–75; late Middle English, alter. of Middle English interesse < Medieval Latin, Latin: to concern, literally, to be between =inter- inter- + esse to be] interest Past participle: interested Gerund: interesting
Imperative |
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interest | interest |
Present |
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I interest | you interest | he/she/it interests | we interest | you interest | they interest |
Preterite |
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I interested | you interested | he/she/it interested | we interested | you interested | they interested |
Present Continuous |
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I am interesting | you are interesting | he/she/it is interesting | we are interesting | you are interesting | they are interesting |
Present Perfect |
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I have interested | you have interested | he/she/it has interested | we have interested | you have interested | they have interested |
Past Continuous |
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I was interesting | you were interesting | he/she/it was interesting | we were interesting | you were interesting | they were interesting |
Past Perfect |
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I had interested | you had interested | he/she/it had interested | we had interested | you had interested | they had interested |
Future |
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I will interest | you will interest | he/she/it will interest | we will interest | you will interest | they will interest |
Future Perfect |
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I will have interested | you will have interested | he/she/it will have interested | we will have interested | you will have interested | they will have interested |
Future Continuous |
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I will be interesting | you will be interesting | he/she/it will be interesting | we will be interesting | you will be interesting | they will be interesting |
Present Perfect Continuous |
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I have been interesting | you have been interesting | he/she/it has been interesting | we have been interesting | you have been interesting | they have been interesting |
Future Perfect Continuous |
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I will have been interesting | you will have been interesting | he/she/it will have been interesting | we will have been interesting | you will have been interesting | they will have been interesting |
Past Perfect Continuous |
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I had been interesting | you had been interesting | he/she/it had been interesting | we had been interesting | you had been interesting | they had been interesting |
Conditional |
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I would interest | you would interest | he/she/it would interest | we would interest | you would interest | they would interest |
Past Conditional |
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I would have interested | you would have interested | he/she/it would have interested | we would have interested | you would have interested | they would have interested | ThesaurusNoun | 1. | interest - a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or something; "an interest in music"involvemententhusiasm - a lively interest; "enthusiasm for his program is growing"concern - something that interests you because it is important or affects you; "the safety of the ship is the captain's concern"curiosity, wonder - a state in which you want to learn more about something | | 2. | interest - a reason for wanting something done; "for your sake"; "died for the sake of his country"; "in the interest of safety"; "in the common interest"sakebenefit, welfare - something that aids or promotes well-being; "for the benefit of all"behalf - for someone's benefit (usually expressed as `in behalf' rather than `on behalf' and usually with a possessive); "in your behalf"; "campaigning in his own behalf"; "spoke a good word in his friend's behalf" | | 3. | interest - the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.); "they said nothing of great interest"; "primary colors can add interest to a room"interestingnesscharisma, personal appeal, personal magnetism - a personal attractiveness or interestingness that enables you to influence otherspower, powerfulness - possession of controlling influence; "the deterrent power of nuclear weapons"; "the power of his love saved her"; "his powerfulness was concealed by a gentle facade"newsworthiness, news - the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins; "the judge conceded the newsworthiness of the trial"; "he is no longer news in the fashion world"topicality - the attribute of being of interest at the present time; "the library had to discard books that had lost their topicality"vividness, color, colour - interest and variety and intensity; "the Puritan Period was lacking in color"; "the characters were delineated with exceptional vividness"shrillness - the quality of being sharp or harsh to the senses; "the shrillness of her hair color" | | 4. | interest - a fixed charge for borrowing money; usually a percentage of the amount borrowed; "how much interest do you pay on your mortgage?"fixed charge, fixed cost, fixed costs - a periodic charge that does not vary with business volume (as insurance or rent or mortgage payments etc.)compound interest - interest calculated on both the principal and the accrued interestsimple interest - interest paid on the principal alone | | 5. | interest - (law) a right or legal share of something; a financial involvement with something; "they have interests all over the world"; "a stake in the company's future"stakelaw, jurisprudence - the collection of rules imposed by authority; "civilization presupposes respect for the law"; "the great problem for jurisprudence to allow freedom while enforcing order"share, percentage, portion, part - assets belonging to or due to or contributed by an individual person or group; "he wanted his share in cash"grubstake - funds advanced to a prospector or to someone starting a business in return for a share of the profitscontrolling interest - ownership of more than 50% of a corporation's voting sharesinsurable interest - an interest in a person or thing that will support the issuance of an insurance policy; an interest in the survival of the insured or in the preservation of the thing that is insuredvested interest - (law) an interest in which there is a fixed right to present or future enjoyment and that can be conveyed to anothersecurity interest - any interest in a property that secures the payment of an obligationterminable interest - an interest in property that terminates under specific conditionsundivided interest, undivided right - the interest in property owned by tenants whereby each tenant has an equal right to enjoy the entire propertyfee - an interest in land capable of being inheritedequity - the ownership interest of shareholders in a corporationreversion - (law) an interest in an estate that reverts to the grantor (or his heirs) at the end of some period (e.g., the death of the grantee)right - (frequently plural) the interest possessed by law or custom in some intangible thing; "mineral rights"; "film rights" | | 6. | interest - (usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aims; "the iron interests stepped up production"interest groupplural, plural form - the form of a word that is used to denote more than onesocial group - people sharing some social relationspecial interest - an individual or group who are concerned with some particular part of the economy and who try to influence legislators or bureaucrats to act in their favorvested interest - groups that seek to control a social system or activity from which they derive private benefit | | 7. | interest - a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly); "sailing is her favorite pastime"; "his main pastime is gambling"; "he counts reading among his interests"; "they criticized the boy for his limited pursuits"pastime, pursuitdiversion, recreation - an activity that diverts or amuses or stimulates; "scuba diving is provided as a diversion for tourists"; "for recreation he wrote poetry and solved crossword puzzles"; "drug abuse is often regarded as a form of recreation"avocation, hobby, spare-time activity, by-line, pursuit, sideline - an auxiliary activity | Verb | 1. | interest - excite the curiosity of; engage the interest ofengage, engross, occupy, absorb - consume all of one's attention or time; "Her interest in butterflies absorbs her completely"arouse, elicit, evoke, provoke, enkindle, kindle, fire, raise - call forth (emotions, feelings, and responses); "arouse pity"; "raise a smile"; "evoke sympathy"spellbind, transfix, fascinate, grip - to render motionless, as with a fixed stare or by arousing terror or awe; "The snake charmer fascinates the cobra"bore, tire - cause to be bored | | 2. | interest - be on the mind of; "I worry about the second Germanic consonant shift"concern, occupy, worry | | 3. | interest - be of importance or consequence; "This matters to me!"matter toconcern, have to do with, pertain, bear on, come to, touch on, refer, relate, touch - be relevant to; "There were lots of questions referring to her talk"; "My remark pertained to your earlier comments"fascinate, intrigue - cause to be interested or curious |
interestnoun1. importance, concern, significance, moment, note, weight, import, consequence, substance, relevance, momentousness Food was of no interest to her at all. importance irrelevance, insignificance, worthlessness, inconsequence2. attention, regard, curiosity, notice, suspicion, scrutiny, heed, absorption, attentiveness, inquisitiveness, engrossment They will follow the political crisis with interest. attention disregard, boredom, coolness, disinterest, unconcern, dispassion3. (often plural) hobby, activity, pursuit, entertainment, relaxation, recreation, amusement, preoccupation, diversion, pastime, leisure activity He developed a wide range of sporting interests.4. (often plural) advantage, good, benefit, profit, gain, boot (dialect) Did the Directors act in the best interests of their club?5. (often plural) business, concern, matter, affair The family controls large dairy interests.6. stake, investment The West has an interest in promoting democratic forces.7. returns, profits, dividends Does your current account pay interest?verb1. arouse your curiosity, engage, appeal to, fascinate, move, involve, touch, affect, attract, grip, entertain, absorb, intrigue, amuse, divert, rivet, captivate, catch your eye, hold the attention of, engross This part of the book interests me in particular. arouse your curiosity bore, tire, weary, burden, repel, irk2. (with in) sell, persuade to buy In the meantime, can I interest you in a new car?in the interest(s) of for the sake of, on behalf of, on the part of, to the advantage of We must all work together in the interest of national stability.interestnoun1. Mental acquisitiveness:curiosity, curiousness, inquisitiveness.Idiom: thirst for knowledge.2. Curiosity about or attention to someone or something:concern, concernment, interestedness, regard.3. Something that contributes to or increases one's well-being.Often used in plural:advantage, benefit, good, profit.4. A right or legal share in something:claim, portion, stake, title.verbTo arouse the interest and attention of:attract, intrigue.Slang: turn on.Translationsinterest (ˈintrəst) , ((American) ˈintərist) noun1. curiosity; attention. That newspaper story is bound to arouse interest. 興趣,注意 兴趣,注意 2. a matter, activity etc that is of special concern to one. Gardening is one of my main interests. 愛好 爱好3. money paid in return for borrowing a usually large sum of money. The (rate of) interest on this loan is eight per cent; (also adjective) the interest rate. 利息 利息4. (a share in the ownership of) a business firm etc. He bought an interest in the night-club. 股權 股权5. a group of connected businesses which act together to their own advantage. I suspect that the scheme will be opposed by the banking interest (= all the banks acting together). 利害關係 利害关系,利益关系 verb1. to arouse the curiosity and attention of; to be of importance or concern to. Political arguments don't interest me at all. 使感興趣 使产生兴趣2. (with in) to persuade to do, buy etc. Can I interest you in (buying) this dictionary? 引起行動或購買的意願 使参与ˈinterested adjective1. (often with in) showing attention or having curiosity. He's not interested in politics; Don't tell me any more – I'm not interested; I'll be interested to see what happens next week. 感興趣的 感兴趣的2. (often with in) willing, or wanting, to do, buy etc. Are you interested in (buying) a second-hand car? 有意願的 有兴趣的3. personally involved in a particular business, project etc and therefore likely to be anxious about decisions made regarding it. You must consult the other interested parties (= the other people involved). 有利害關係的 有利害关系的ˈinteresting (negative uninteresting) adjectivean interesting book. 有趣的 有趣的ˈinterestingly adverb 有趣地 有趣地in one's (own) interest bringing, or in order to bring, advantage, benefit, help etc to oneself etc. It would be in our own interest to help him, as he may be able to help us later. 為自身利益 为自身利益in the interest(s) of in order to get, achieve, increase etc. The political march was banned in the interests of public safety. 為了...利益 为了...利益lose interest to stop being interested. He used to be very active in politics, but he's lost interest now. 失去感興趣 不再感兴趣take an interest to be interested. I take a great interest in everything they do. 對...感興趣 对...感兴趣interest → 兴趣zhCN, 利息zhCN, 引发兴趣zhCNinterest See:- conflict of interest
- declare an interest
- declare an/(one's) interest
- draw interest
- give (something) back (to someone) with interest
- have (one's) (best) interests at heart
- have a keen interest in
- have a keen interest in (something)
- have a vested interest
- have a vested interest (in something)
- have best interest at heart
- have somebody's interests at heart
- human interest
- in (one's) (own) interest
- in (one's) best interest
- in interest
- in one's interest
- in the interest of
- in the interest of (one)
- in the interest of (saving) time
- in the interest of (something)
- in the interest of justice
- in the interest of saving time
- in the interest of something
- interest in
- interest in (someone or something)
- of interest
- pay (one) back with interest
- pay something back/return something with interest
- pique (one's) (emotion)
- pique curiosity
- pique somebody's interest, curiosity, etc.
- plus interest
- return it with interest
- rooting interest
- take an interest
- take an interest in
- take an interest in (someone or something)
- vested interest
- with interest
interest
interest, charge for the use of credit or money, usually figured as a percentage of the principal and computed annually. Simple interest is computed annually on the principal. Compound interest, paid by some savings banks, computes the interest on the principal as well as on any previous interest that has been added to the principal. Such charges have been made since ancient times, and they early fell into disrepute. In Greece, Solon forbade selling men into slavery for unpaid interest. The Jews, the Christian Church, and Islam forbade interest charges, or usury, as it was called, among their own groups. The merchant princes of Italy and elsewhere evaded such restrictions, even though the medieval churchmen considered money barren, or unable to produce wealth. Gradually the distinction was made between low interest rates and high ones, which came to be known, and condemned, as usury. England in 1545 removed the prohibition on interest charges and fixed a legal maximum interest; other countries followed. In modern economics, a number of different theories regarding interest have been influential. The classical theory of interest, developed by Adam SmithSmith, Adam, 1723–90, Scottish economist, educated at Glasgow and Oxford. He became professor of moral philosophy at the Univ. of Glasgow in 1752, and while teaching there wrote his Theory of Moral Sentiments ..... Click the link for more information. and David RicardoRicardo, David, 1772–1823, British economist, of Dutch-Jewish parentage. At the age of 20 he entered business as a stockbroker and was so skillful in the management of his affairs that within five years he had amassed a huge fortune. ..... Click the link for more information. and expanded by others in later years, posited the interest rate as the force which balanced savings with investment. Marxist economic theory argued against the classical view that saw interest rates as a function of natural market forces, contending instead that interest was purely exploitative, because no service was rendered and it benefited only the capitalist class. Abstinence theory, developed by Nassau SeniorSenior, Nassau, 1790–1864, English economist. A graduate of Oxford, he was called there in 1825 to fill the first chair of political economy in England. In An Outline of the Science of Political Economy ..... Click the link for more information. and later expanded upon by Eugen Böhm-BawerkBöhm-Bawerk, Eugen , 1851–1914, Austrian economist. Three times minister of finance (1895, 1897, and 1900), he initiated important tax reforms and farsighted financial policies. ..... Click the link for more information. 's productivity theory, argued that interest was a reward for saving money (in an interest-earning bank account) rather than spending it on commodities. Greater returns were available to those who saved, and interest rates were the deciding force in saving or spending. Irving FisherFisher, Irving, 1867–1947, American economist, b. Saugerties, N.Y., Ph.D. Yale, 1891. He began teaching at Yale in 1890 and was active there until 1935. His earliest work was in mathematics, and he made a distinguished contribution to mathematical economic theory. ..... Click the link for more information. advanced productivity theory by adding human capital to the understanding of interest rates. He explored the willingness (or lack thereof) of individuals to give up their present income for a future income, which may be significantly greater, as an important factor in the decision to invest. John Maynard KeynesKeynes, John Maynard, Baron Keynes of Tilton , 1883–1946, English economist and monetary expert, studied at Eton and Cambridge. Early Career and Critique of Versailles ..... Click the link for more information. took a much different approach, arguing that interest rates were a sort of reward for giving up liquidity, and varying interest rates were the significant force in a decision to invest. This new model was fundamental to the understanding of fluctuating interest rates, stepping beyond the focus of classical economics on equilibrium rates. In recent years, the problem of inflation has been the paramount issue for interest theory. In the United States, the individual states are responsible for setting a legal rate at which debts may be assessed if they have come due and remain unpaid, and for setting the maximum rate allowed in a contract. In 1981, when rates soared to record highs, many legislatures increased or abolished such maximum rates in order to attract lending and credit card businesses and the potential employment they could offer residents. In Great Britain legal interest rates are not fixed by the government, but courts can determine whether a given rate is injurious. High interest rates can dampen the economy by making it more difficult for consumers, businesses, and home buyers to secure loans, as happened in 1981 when the prime rate—the rate that banks charge their best customers—climbed past 20%. Economists differed over the causes of such extraordinary rates, but inflationary expectations, federal budget deficits, and the restrictive monetary policies of the Federal Reserve SystemFederal Reserve System, central banking system of the United States. Established in 1913, it began to operate in Nov., 1914. Its setup, although somewhat altered since its establishment, particularly by the Banking Act of 1935, has remained substantially the same. ..... Click the link for more information. were important factors. Interest rates fell in the latter half of the 1980s and stayed low into the 2000s. In 2001–3, during recession and subsequent slow growth, the Federal Reserve lowered its short-term rates to levels (as low as 1%) not seen since the 1960s and late 1950s, but the low rates produced the desired economic growth only gradually. In mid-2004 the Federal Reserve began steadily raising rates until mid-2006, when the short-term rate reached 5.25%. When problems with some securitized mortgages cascaded through the economy, making obtaining loans and credit increasingly difficult and expensive and driving the economy into recession, the Federal Reserve again dramatically lowered its target short-term interest rate, to 0.25%, from Sept., 2007 to Dec., 2008. It held the target rate there as the economy slowly recovered until Dec., 2015, when it raised the rate to 0.5%. Although a year passed before it raised the rate to 0.75%, by Dec., 2018, it had raised the rate to 2.5%. Bibliography See D. Dewey, Modern Capital Theory (1965); D. Patinkin, Money, Interest, and Prices (1989); C. Rogers, Money, Interest and Capital (1989). Interest the real cause of social actions, events, and achievements, lying behind such immediate incentives as the motives, intentions, and ideas of individuals, social groups, and classes participating in these actions. In the view of G. V. Plekhanov, the 18th-century French materialists C. A. Helvétius, P. Holbach, and D. Diderot made the first comprehensive attempt to explain the life of society in terms of interest. They contrasted people’s interests with both divine predestination and random occurrences of the historical process, viewing interest as the actual basis of morality, politics, and the social structure as a whole. “If the physical world is subject to the law of movement, then the world of the mind is no less subject to the law of interest. On this earth, interest is an omnipotent wizard, which alters before the eyes of all beings the appearance of every object” (C. A. Helvétius, Ob ume, Moscow, 1938, p. 34). However, the French materialists did not go beyond the limits of an idealistic understanding of the life of society, insofar as social interest was viewed by them as merely the sum of individual interests. The latter were inferred from the sensory nature of man, which on the whole remained fixed. From this came Helvétius’ thesis that hunger and love rule the world. G. Hegel played an important part in developing the theory of interest. As I. Kant before him, Hegel emphasized the irreducibility of interest to raw sensation, to man’s natural state. “Close analysis of history convinces us that the actions of people proceed from their needs, passions, and interests … and only these play a dominant role” (Hegel, Soch., vol. 8, Moscow-Leningrad, 1935, p. 20). People “strive to satisfy their interests, but as a result of this something further is also realized, something which is secretly contained within people, unrecognized and not entering into their intentions” (ibid., p. 27). According to Hegel, interest is something greater than the content of intent and consciousness. This “surplus” manifests itself in the end results of man’s acts and is associated for man with the intricacy of universal reason, with the absolute idea, which realizes itself in history through an endless diversity of needs and interests. Marxism preserves all of the positive features in interpretations of interest derived throughout the history of social thought; along with this it emphasizes the objective bases of social interest. “Economic relations of each given society,” wrote F. Engels, “are manifested primarily as interests” (K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 18, p. 271). Insofar as economic relations give rise to the division of society into classes, class interests are the most substantial, profound, and determinant interests in the overall diversity of national, group, and individual interests. Social interests are determined by the economic status of various social groups. At the same time such interests cannot be equated with these situations since these interests do not exist apart from their various manifestations as moods, opinions, emotional reactions, ideology, and so on. In contrast to economic materialism, which absolutizes economic interests, Marxism-Leninism proceeds from the fact that the content of fundamental class interests is much broader than the economic needs of that class. The attitudes of a given class or social group toward the aggregate of sociopolitical institutions and material and spiritual values are fixed in social interests. One of the most significant features of the materialist understanding of history consists of an explanation of the interdependence between interest and ideology. “The ‘idea’ always disgraced itself insofar as it differed from the ‘interest’” (K. Marx and F. Engels, Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 2, p. 89). V. I. Lenin wrote that “people always have been the foolish victims of deception and self-deception in politics, and they always will be until they have learnt to seek out the interests of some class or other behind all moral, religious, political, and social phrases, declarations, and promises” (Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 23, p. 47). Several very important principles are identified with the question of the classification of interests. Interests are distinguished according to degree of commonality (individual, group, social); area of orientation (economic, political, spiritual); nature of the subject (such as the nation, state, or party); degree to which the interests are conscious (interests that operate spontaneously and those that are based on prepared programs); opportunities for implementation (real and imagined); and the relations of interests with the objective trends of social development (progressive, reactionary, conservative). A. G. ZDRAVOMYSLOV In psychology, interest is an attitude of an individual toward an object as something of immediate value and attraction. The content and nature of man’s interests are associated with the structure and dynamics of his motives and needs, as well as with the nature of those cultural forms and means of objective assimilation of reality which he is able to make use of. The formation of a motivational sphere during the process of child development, as well as the assimilation, perfecting, and progressive internalization of means and methods of acting, transform initially instinctive, involuntary, and situational-episodic interests of the child into conscious, voluntary, and stable interests. To the degree that the object is disclosed, interest in the object may develop into an independent need for it (cognitive, aesthetic, or other need). The problem of the purposeful formation of interest, still little developed in contemporary psychology, has great significance for practical work in training and upbringing. REFERENCESMarx, K., and F. Engels. “Sviatoe semeistvo.” Soch., 2nd ed., vol. 2. Marx, K., and F. Engels. “Nemetskaia ideologiia.” Ibid., vol. 3. Engels, F. “K zhilishchnomu voprosu.” Ibid., vol. 18. Lenin, V. I. “Karl Marks.” Poln. sobr. soch., 5th ed., vol. 26. Lenin, V. I. “Tri istochnika i tri sostavnye chasti marksizma.” Ibid., vol. 23. Oranskii, S. A. Osnovnye voprosy marksistskoi sotsiologii, part 1, 3rd ed. Leningrad, 1931. Rubinshtein, S. L. Osnovy obshchei psikhologii. 2nd ed. Moscow, 1946. Zdravomyslov, A. G. Problema interesa v sotsiologicheskoi teorii. Leningrad, 1964. Leont’ev, A. N. Problemy razvitiia psikhiki. Moscow, 1965. Aizikovich, A. S. “Vazhnaia sotsiologicheskaia problema.” Voprosy filosofii, 1965, no. 11. Glezerman, G. E. “Interes kak sotsiologicheskaia kategoriia.” Voprosy filosofii, 1966, no. 10. Bozhovich, L. I. Lichnost’ i ee formirovanie v detskom vozraste. Moscow, 1968. Kiknadze, D. A. Potrebnosti, povedenie, vospitanie. Moscow, 1968. Kniazev, B. V., A. I. Kuftyrev, and A. S. Fetisov. “O prirode interesa kak sotsial’nogo iavleniia.” Vestnik MGU, 1968, no. 4. Lewin, K. Psychologische Situation bei Lohn und Strafe. Leipzig, 1930. Lewin, K. A Dynamic Theory of Personality. New York, 1935.A. A. PUZYREI interest
interest See Conflict of interest, Liberty interest, Significant beneficial interest, Significant financial interest. interest Related to interest: simple interestInterestA comprehensive term to describe any right, claim, or privilege that an individual has toward real or Personal Property. Compensation for the use of borrowed money. There are two basic types of interest: legal and conventional. Legal interest is prescribed by the applicable state statute as the highest that may be legally contracted for, or charged. Conventional interest is interest at a rate that has been set and agreed upon by the parties themselves without outside intervention. It must be within the legally prescribed interest rate to avoid the criminal prosecution of the lender for violation of Usury laws. interestn. 1) any and all, partial or total right to property or for the use of property, including an easement to pass over a neighboring parcel of land, the right to drill for oil, a possibility of acquiring title upon the happening of some event, or outright title. While most often referring to real property, one may have an interest in a business, a bank account, or any article. 2) the financial amount (money) paid by someone else for the use of a person's money, as on a loan or debt, on a savings account in a bank, on a certificate of deposit, promissory note, or the amount due on a judgment. Interest is usually stated in writing at the time the money is loaned. There are variable rates of interest, particularly on savings accounts which depend on funding from the federal reserve or other banks and are controlled by the prevailing interest rates on those funds. Maximum interest rates on loans made by individuals are controlled by statute. To charge more than that rate is usury, the penalty for which may be the inability of a creditor to collect through the courts. The interest rates demanded by lending institutions are not so restricted. The maximum legal interest often granted by the courts on judgments is set by the law of the state. Simple interest is the annual rate charged for a loan, and compound interest includes interest upon interest during the year. 3) one's involvement in business or activities or with an individual which is sufficient to create doubt about a witness being objective---damaging his/her credibility---or it is sufficient connection to give a person "standing" (the right based on interest in the outcome of the lawsuit or petition) to bring a lawsuit on a particular matter or act on behalf of other people. (See: real property, personal property, future interest, compound interest, standing) interest 1 a payment made by a borrower for the use of money, calculated as a percentage of the principal sum borrowed and payable by reference to the time that the loan is outstanding. Interest may be simple, where the amount payable is calculated on the sum borrowed only, or compound, where interest is added to the capital sum borrowed and itself earns interest. 2 a right, title or estate to personal or real property. Section 1 of the Law of Property Act 1925 provides that the only estates in land capable of subsisting and of being conveyed or created at law are an estate in FEE SIMPLE ABSOLUTE IN POSSESSION and a term of years absolute. The only interests in or over land capable of subsisting or of being conveyed or created at law are an easement, right or privilege in or over land capable of existing for an interest equivalent to an estate in fee simple absolute in possession (i.e. in perpetuity) or a term of years absolute (i.e. for a fixed and determinate period) and a charge by way of legal mortgage. All other estates, interests and charges in or over land take effect as equitable interests. See INTEREST RELIEF. 3 in Scotland a litigant must, as well as having title to sue, have an interest to sue. INTEREST, estates. The right which a man has in a chattel real, and more particularly in a future term. It is a word of less efficacy and extent than estates, though, in legal understanding, an interest extends to estates, rights and titles which a man has in or out of lands, so that by a grant of his whole interest in land, a reversion as well as the fee simple shall pass. Co. Litt. 345. INTEREST, contracts. The right of property which a man has in a thing, commonly called insurable interest. It is not easy to give all accurate definition of insurable interest. 1 Burr. 480; 1 Pet. R. 163; 12 Wend. 507 16 Wend. 385; 16 Pick. 397; 13 Mass. 61, 96; 3 Day, 108; 1 Wash. C. C. Rep. 409. 2. The policy of commerce and the various complicated. rights which different persons may have in the same thing, require that not only those who have an absolute property in ships and goods, but those also who have a qualified property therein, may be at liberty to insure them. For example, when a ship is mortgaged, after, the mortgage becomes absolute, the owner of the legal estate has an insurable interest, and the mortgagor, on account of his equity, has also an insurable interest. 2 T. R. 188 1 Burr. 489; 13 Mass. 96; 10 Pick. 40 and see 1 T. R. 745; Marsh. Ins. h. t.; 6 Meeson & Welshy, 224. 3. A man may not only insure his own life for the benefit of his heirs or creditors, and assign the benefit of this insurance to others having thus or otherwise an interest in his life, but be may insure the life of another in which he may be interested. Marsh. Ins. Index, h. t.; Park, Ins. Index, h. t.; 1 Bell's Com. 629, 5th ed.; 9 East, R. 72. Vide Insurance. INTEREST, evidence. The benefit which a person has in the matter about to be decided and which is in issue between the parties. By the term benefit is here understood some pecuniary or other advantage, which if obtained, would increase the, witness estate, or some loss, which would decrease it. 2. It is a general rule that a party who has an interest in the cause cannot be a witness. It will be proper to consider this matter by taking a brief view of the thing or subject in dispute, which is the object of the interest; the quantity of interest; the quality of interest; when an interested witness can be examined; when the interest must exist; how an interested witness can be rendered competent. 3.-1. To be disqualified on the ground of interest, the witness must gain or lose by the event of the cause, or the verdict must be lawful evidence for or against him in another suit, or the record must be an instrument of evidence for or against him. 3 John. Cas. 83; 1 Phil. Ev. 36; Stark. Ev. pt. 4, p. 744. But an interest in the question does not disqualify the witness. 1 Caines, 171; 4 John. 302; 5 John. 255; 1 Serg. & R. 82, 36; 6 Binn. 266; 1 H. & M. 165, 168. 4.-2. The magnitude of the interest is altogether immaterial, even a liability for the most trifling costs will be sufficient. 5 T. R. 174; 2 Vern. 317; 2 Greenl. 194; 11 John. 57. 5.-3. With regard to the quality, the interest must be legal, as contradistinguished from mere prejudice or bias, arising from relationship, friendship, or any of the numerous motives by which a witness may be supposed to be influenced. Leach, 154; 2 St. Tr. 334, 891; 2 Hawk. ch. 46, s. 25. It must be a present, certain, vested interest, and not uncertain and contingent. Dougl. 134; 2 P. Wms. 287; 3 S. & R. 132; 4 Binn. 83; 2 Yeates, 200; 5 John. 256; 7 Mass. 25. And it must have been acquired without fraud. 3 Camp. 380; l M. & S. 9; 1 T. R. 37. 6.-4. To the general rule that interest renders a witness incompetent, there are some exceptions. First. Although the witness may have an interest, yet if his interest is equally strong on the other side, and no more, the witness is reduced to a state of neutrality by an equipoise of interest, and the objection to his testimony ceases. 7 T. R. 480, 481, n.; 1 Bibb, R. 298; 2 Mass. R. 108; 2 S. & R. 119; 6 Penn. St. Rep. 322. 7. Secondly. In some instances the law admits the testimony of one interested, from the extreme necessity of the case; upon this ground the servant of a tradesman is admitted to prove the delivery of goods and the payment of money, without any release from the master. 4 T. R. 490; 2 Litt. R. 27. 8.-5. The interest, to render the witness disqualified, must exist at the time of his examination. A deposition made at a time when the witness had no interest, may be read in evidence, although he has afterwards acquired an interest. 1 Hoff. R. 21. 9.-6. The objection to incompetency on the ground of interest may be removed by an extinguishment of that interest by means of a release, executed either by the witness, when he would receive an advantage by his testimony, or by those who have a claim upon him when his testimony would be evidence of his liability. The objection may also be removed by payment. Stark. Ev. pt. 4, p. 757. See Benth. Rationale of Jud. Ev. 628-692, where he combats the established doctrines of the law, as to the exclusion on the ground of interest; and Balance. INTEREST, MARITIME. By maritime interest is understood the profit of money lent on bottomry or respondentia, which is allowed to be greater than simple interest because the capital of the lender is put in jeopardy. There is no limit by law as to the amount which may be charged for maritime interest. It is fixed generally by the agreement of the parties. 2. The French writers employ a variety of terms in order to distinguish if according to the nature of the case. They call it interest, when it is stipulated to be paid by the month, or at other stated periods. It is a premium, when a gross sum is to be paid at the end of the voyage, and here the risk is the principal object they have in view. When the sum is a per centage on the money lent, they call it exchange, considering it in the light of money lent at one place to be returned in another, with a difference in amount between the sum borrowed and that which is paid, arising from the difference of time and place. When they intend to combine these various shades into one general denomination, they make use of the term maritime profit, to convey their meaning. Hall on Mar. Loans, 56, n. interest
InterestThe price paid for borrowing money. It is expressed as a percentage rate over a period of time and reflects the rate of exchange of present consumption for future consumption. Also, a share or title in property.InterestMoney that is paid in exchange for borrowing or using another person's or organization's money. Interest is calculated as a percentage of the money borrowed. There are two kinds of interest, simple interest and compound interest. In simple interest, the interest is calculated only over the original principal amount. For example, if one borrows $1,000 at 3% interest, the interest is $30 (3% of $1,000) each time it is calculated. In compound interest, interest previously paid is included in the calculation of future interest. For example, with the above loan, interest paid in the first month is $30 (3% of $1,000), in the second month it is $30.90 (3% of $1,030), and so forth. Compound interest is more common because it yields more for the lender.interest1. Payment for the use of borrowed money.2. An investor's equity in a business.Interest.Interest is what you pay to borrow money using a loan, credit card, or line of credit. It is calculated at either a fixed or variable rate that's expressed as a percentage of the amount you borrow, pegged to a specific time period. For example, you may pay 1.2% interest monthly on the unpaid balance of your credit card. Interest also refers to the income, figured as a percentage of principal, that you're paid for purchasing a bond, keeping money in a bank account, or making other interest-paying investments. If it is simple interest, earnings are figured on the principal. If it is compound interest, the earnings are added to the principal to form a new base on which future income is calculated. Interest is also a share or right in a property or asset. For example, if you are half-owner of a vacation home, you have a 50% interest. interest the charge made for borrowing money in the form of a LOAN. Interest is payable on a number of short-term and long-term borrowing forms including LOANS, OVERDRAFTS, MORTGAGES, INSTALMENT CREDIT, LEASING, LOAN STOCK, DEBENTURES, BONDS, TREASURY BILLS and BILLS OF EXCHANGE. Interest charges may be fixed or variable and payable weekly, monthly or annually depending on the size of the loan and the length of the loan period. When a loan is extended on a fixed-interest basis the rate remains unchanged throughout the life of the loan. However, in times of inflation the real or effective interest rate as opposed to the loan's agreed or nominal interest rate will fall as inflation reduces the PURCHASING POWER of money. In this case, where the lender is able to vary the interest charge, then the interest rate can be raised to offset the effects of inflation. For this reason, whereas most short-term loans are extended on fixed-interest terms, variable terms are usually applied to long-term loans. Interest may be computed on a simple or compound basis. Simple interest is based only on the original amount of the loan, whereas compound interest is based on the original amount of the loan plus previous accumulated interest. For example, a £100 loan paying simple interest at 10% would accumulate to £110 at the end of the first year and £120 (i.e. £100 + £10 + £10) at the end of the second, whereas with compound interest the loan would accumulate to £121 at the end of the second year (i.e. £100 + £10 + £11 [10% of £110]). See INTEREST RATE, APR. interest the charge made for borrowing money in the form of a LOAN. Interest is payable on a number of short-term and long-term borrowing forms, including BANK LOANS, MORTGAGES, INSTALMENT CREDIT, LEASING, LOAN STOCK, DEBENTURES, BONDS, TREASURY BILLS and BILLS OF EXCHANGE. Lenders require a NOMINAL INTEREST RATE that compensates them for the effects of INFLATION in reducing the PURCHASING POWER of any sums that they lend, so that the real or EFFECTIVE INTEREST RATES provide an adequate reward to lenders for forgoing current consumption and for the risk of default introduced in lending out money. In aggregate terms, interest is a source of income and is thus included as part of NATIONAL INCOME. In the THEORY OF SUPPLY, interest is a payment for the use of CAPITAL as a FACTOR OF PRODUCTION. See INTEREST RATE. interestSums paid or earned for the use of money. See INT See Iinterest Related to interest: simple interestSynonyms for interestnoun importanceSynonyms- importance
- concern
- significance
- moment
- note
- weight
- import
- consequence
- substance
- relevance
- momentousness
Antonyms- irrelevance
- insignificance
- worthlessness
- inconsequence
noun attentionSynonyms- attention
- regard
- curiosity
- notice
- suspicion
- scrutiny
- heed
- absorption
- attentiveness
- inquisitiveness
- engrossment
Antonyms- disregard
- boredom
- coolness
- disinterest
- unconcern
- dispassion
noun hobbySynonyms- hobby
- activity
- pursuit
- entertainment
- relaxation
- recreation
- amusement
- preoccupation
- diversion
- pastime
- leisure activity
noun advantageSynonyms- advantage
- good
- benefit
- profit
- gain
- boot
noun businessSynonyms- business
- concern
- matter
- affair
noun stakeSynonymsnoun returnsSynonymsverb arouse your curiositySynonyms- arouse your curiosity
- engage
- appeal to
- fascinate
- move
- involve
- touch
- affect
- attract
- grip
- entertain
- absorb
- intrigue
- amuse
- divert
- rivet
- captivate
- catch your eye
- hold the attention of
- engross
Antonyms- bore
- tire
- weary
- burden
- repel
- irk
verb sellSynonymsphrase for the sake ofSynonyms- for the sake of
- on behalf of
- on the part of
- to the advantage of
Synonyms for interestnoun mental acquisitivenessSynonyms- curiosity
- curiousness
- inquisitiveness
noun curiosity about or attention to someone or somethingSynonyms- concern
- concernment
- interestedness
- regard
noun something that contributes to or increases one's well-beingSynonyms- advantage
- benefit
- good
- profit
noun a right or legal share in somethingSynonymsverb to arouse the interest and attention ofSynonymsSynonyms for interestnoun a sense of concern with and curiosity about someone or somethingSynonymsRelated Words- enthusiasm
- concern
- curiosity
- wonder
noun a reason for wanting something doneSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.)SynonymsRelated Words- charisma
- personal appeal
- personal magnetism
- power
- powerfulness
- newsworthiness
- news
- topicality
- vividness
- color
- colour
- shrillness
noun a fixed charge for borrowing moneyRelated Words- fixed charge
- fixed cost
- fixed costs
- compound interest
- simple interest
noun (law) a right or legal share of somethingSynonymsRelated Words- law
- jurisprudence
- share
- percentage
- portion
- part
- grubstake
- controlling interest
- insurable interest
- vested interest
- security interest
- terminable interest
- undivided interest
- undivided right
- fee
- equity
- reversion
- right
noun (usually plural) a social group whose members control some field of activity and who have common aimsSynonymsRelated Words- plural
- plural form
- social group
- special interest
- vested interest
noun a diversion that occupies one's time and thoughts (usually pleasantly)SynonymsRelated Words- diversion
- recreation
- avocation
- hobby
- spare-time activity
- by-line
- pursuit
- sideline
verb excite the curiosity ofRelated Words- engage
- engross
- occupy
- absorb
- arouse
- elicit
- evoke
- provoke
- enkindle
- kindle
- fire
- raise
- spellbind
- transfix
- fascinate
- grip
Antonymsverb be on the mind ofSynonymsverb be of importance or consequenceSynonymsRelated Words- concern
- have to do with
- pertain
- bear on
- come to
- touch on
- refer
- relate
- touch
- fascinate
- intrigue
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