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Irish
I·rish I0231000 (ī′rĭsh)adj. Of or relating to Ireland or its people, language, or culture.n.1. (used with a pl. verb)a. The people of Ireland.b. People of Irish ancestry.2. a. The Goidelic language of Ireland. Also called Irish Gaelic.b. See Irish English.3. Informal Fieriness of temper or passion; high spirit.
[Middle English, from Old English Īras, the Irish; see peiə- in Indo-European roots.]Irish (ˈaɪrɪʃ) adj1. (Placename) of, relating to, or characteristic of Ireland, its people, their Celtic language, or their dialect of English2. (Peoples) of, relating to, or characteristic of Ireland, its people, their Celtic language, or their dialect of English3. (Languages) of, relating to, or characteristic of Ireland, its people, their Celtic language, or their dialect of English4. informal offensive ludicrous or illogicaln5. (Peoples) the Irish (functioning as plural) the natives or inhabitants of Ireland6. (Languages) another name for Irish GaelicI•rish (ˈaɪ rɪʃ)
n. 1. (used with a pl. v.) a. the inhabitants of Ireland. b. natives of Ireland or persons of Irish ancestry living outside Ireland. 2. the Celtic language of Ireland, now largely supplanted as a vernacular by English. Abbr.: Ir adj. 3. of or pertaining to Ireland, its inhabitants, or the language Irish. Idioms: get one's Irish up, Informal. to become angry or outraged. [1175–1225; Middle English Yrisse, Iris(c)h; compare Old English Īras people of Ireland (c. Old Norse Īrar); see -ish1] I′rish•ly, adv. Thesaurus| Noun | 1. |  Irish - people of Ireland or of Irish extractionIrish peoplenation, country, land - the people who live in a nation or country; "a statement that sums up the nation's mood"; "the news was announced to the nation"; "the whole country worshipped him" | | 2. | Irish - whiskey made in Ireland chiefly from barleyIrish whiskey, Irish whiskywhiskey, whisky - a liquor made from fermented mash of grainpoteen - unlawfully distilled Irish whiskeyIrish coffee - sweetened coffee with Irish whiskey and whipped cream | | 3. | Irish - the Celtic language of IrelandIrish GaelicErse, Gaelic, Goidelic - any of several related languages of the Celts in Ireland and ScotlandOld Irish - Irish Gaelic up to about 1100Middle Irish - Irish Gaelic from 1100 to 1500Emerald Isle, Hibernia, Ireland - an island comprising the republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland | | Adj. | 1. | Irish - of or relating to or characteristic of Ireland or its people |
Irishadjective Hibernian, green traditional Irish musicTranslationsIrish → 爱尔兰人zhCN, 爱尔兰的zhCNIrish
get (one's) Irish upTo become or cause to become angry, hostile, defensive, or irritable. John got his Irish up when his parents brought up the subject of college. Election season always gets my dad's Irish up.See also: get, Irish, upIrish hintA straightforward statement. I'm positive I'm getting the promotion—the boss gave me an Irish hint to that effect!See also: hint, Irishthe luck of the IrishExtremely good luck or fortune. I can't believe I won the lottery and a radio contest in the same week—I must have the luck of the Irish!See also: Irish, luck, ofget someone's dander up and get someone's back up; get someone's hackles up; get someone's Irish up; put someone's back upFig. to make someone get angry. (Fixed order.) Now, don't get your dander up. Calm down. I insulted him and really got his hackles up. Bob had his Irish up all day yesterday. I don't know what was wrong. Now, now, don't get your back up. I didn't mean any harm.See also: dander, get, upluck of the Irishluck associated with the Irish people. (Also said as a catch phrase for any kind of luck.) Bill: How did you manage to do it, Jeff. Jeff: It's the luck of the Irish, I guess.See also: Irish, luck, ofluck of the devilAlso, luck of the Irish. Extraordinarily good fortune, as in You've the luck of the devil-that ball landed just on the line, or Winning the lottery-that's the luck of the Irish. These superstitious attributions of good fortune date from the first half of the 1900s. See also: devil, luck, ofthe luck of the Irish very good luck.See also: Irish, luck, ofluck of the devil/draw/IrishFortuitous blessings, good fortune. Good luck (and bad luck) have long been regarded superstitiously, associated with supernatural forces (the devil), a particular group (the Irish), or pure chance (the random drawing of a card or cards). The luck of the draw appears in print only in the second half of the twentieth century; the luck of the Irish is older, appearing, for example, in Lee Thayer’s The Sinister Mark (1923).See also: devil, draw, Irish, luck, ofIrish
Irish1. another name for Irish GaelicIrish a nation (natsiia, nation in the historical sense); the native population of Ireland. The total population in the Irish Republic is more than 2.9 million (1971, estimate); in Great Britain, 1.3 million (mainly in Northern Ireland). Mass emigrations from Ireland, especially after the mid-19th century, led to the creation of significant groups of the Irish in the USA (about 2 million), Canada (more than 160,000), and Australia and Oceania (more than 60,000). The majority of the Irish speak English. About a quarter of the population of the Irish Republic and some of the Irish emigrants speak Irish. The Irish are predominantly Catholic, and the influence of the Catholic Church is great. The ethnic group of the Irish (formed in the tenth to 12th centuries) came mainly from the Celtic-speaking Gaels, who resettled on the island from Scotland in the fourth century B.C. Survivals of the clan structure of the Gaels were retained as late as the 19th century. The Irish nation took form (18th and 19th centuries) in difficult and, in fact, colonialist conditions, enduring the economic and national oppression of the English. The English authorities prohibited the Irish from using their Irish (Gaelic) language and persecuted the Catholic Church. The majority of the Irish were forced to change to English, but they retained their ethnic Irish identity. In the 1890’s a struggle began for the revival of the Irish language and culture. After the founding in 1921 of the Irish Free State, Irish was recognized there as an official language, along with English. The Irish of Northern Ireland, remaining within the framework of Great Britain, are waging a struggle against economic oppression and national and religious discrimination. In material and spiritual culture, the Irish who live in Ireland preserve some traits linking them with other peoples of Celtic origin (the Scots and Welsh). REFERENCESEngels, F. “Drevniaia Irlandiia.” In Arkhiv Marksa i Engel’sa, vol. 10. Leningrad, 1948.
Narody zarubezhnoi Evropy, vol. 2. Moscow, 1965. (Bibliography.)V. I. KOZLOV
Irish the language of part of the population of the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland; the first official language of the Republic of Ireland (from 1921). Irish belongs to the Goidelic branch of the Celtic languages. The number of those who speak Irish in the Republic of Ireland is approximately 600,000 persons (1971, estimate). Some Irish emigrants also speak Irish. Ancient Irish monuments include the Ogham inscriptions from the fourth and fifth centuries A.D. The Roman alphabet has been used since the seventh century. Three periods are distinguished in the history of Irish: Old Irish (seventh to tenth centuries), Middle Irish (tenth to 14th centuries), and Modern Irish (since the early 15th century). A voluminous literature (sagas, poetic works, lives, and annals) was preserved in recorded form after the 11th century, although much of it dates to the Old Irish period. The modern Irish literary language is a synthesis of three main dialects—Munster, Connacht, and Ulster. The development of Irish is characterized by a simplification of the noun and verb systems and the appearance of analytical constructions. The system of initial consonant mutations, which is also peculiar to other Celtic languages, remains basically unchanged. The vocabulary contains many borrowings from Latin (from the fifth century). Irish has been heavily influenced by English since the 15th century. REFERENCESThurneysen, R. A Grammar of Old Irish. Dublin, 1946.
Thurneysen, R. Old Irish Reader. Dublin, 1949.
Pokorny, J. Altirische Grammatik. Berlin, 1969.
Dinneen, P. S. An Irish-English Dictionary. Dublin, 1945.A. A. KOROLEV AcronymsSeeIRIrish
Related to Irish: Irish languageSynonyms for Irishadj HibernianSynonymsSynonyms for Irishnoun people of Ireland or of Irish extractionSynonymsRelated Wordsnoun whiskey made in Ireland chiefly from barleySynonyms- Irish whiskey
- Irish whisky
Related Words- whiskey
- whisky
- poteen
- Irish coffee
noun the Celtic language of IrelandSynonymsRelated Words- Erse
- Gaelic
- Goidelic
- Old Irish
- Middle Irish
- Emerald Isle
- Hibernia
- Ireland
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