Juridical Fact

a circumstance that, through a legal norm, establishes, changes, or terminates legal relations. In many cases, the basis for rights and duties is a complex set of facts.

Juridical facts are divided into two categories: events and acts. Events are circumstances occurring independently of human will, such as earthquakes or the expiration of a time limit. Acts, on the other hand, are circumstances occurring through human will. Acts may be legal (observance of the law by citizens, application of the law by state bodies, judicial decisions, and transactions) or illegal (crimes, administrative and disciplinary violations, and violations of civil law).